Health 8

Notes #3 Communicable Diseases

Key Terms

Diseases -is an illness which affects people, animals, or plants, for example one which is
caused by bacteria or infection.
Genes - unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring.
Lifestyle - someone's way of living; the things that a person or particular group of people
usually do.
Risk Factors - exposure of an individual that increases the likelihood of developing a disease
or injury.
Communicable Diseases - diseases that can be transferred from one person to another.

• Risk Factors of Diseases

Communicable Diseases

Chicken Pox
Background Signs and Effects Prevention When Infected:
Symptoms
Infection  Fever  Bacterial  Stay  Stay at
caused by the  Loss of infections of away home.
varicella-zoster appetite the skin, soft from  Isolate
virus  Headache tissues, infected yourself.
 Tiredness bones, joints people.  Consult a
 Blisters or physician.
 Rash bloodstream  Finish the
 Scabs (sepsis) 14-day
 Dehydration period
 Pneumonia infection.
 HIV and AIDS
Background Signs and Effects Prevention Modes of
Symptoms Transmission
HIV – Human  Weight loss HIV has no  avoid  Unprotected
Immunodeficiency  Extreme cure but it getting Sex
Virus fatigue has lifetime open  Blood
-Interferes with  Night treatment. wounds transfusion
your body’s ability sweats especially if  Breastfeeding
to fight off viruses,  Genital it is caused  Unsterile
where the sores by unsterile needles and
immune system  Mouth sores equipment syringes
begins to fall,.  Swelling of  Tattoos
Leading to life- lymph
threatening nodes MYTH
diseases.  Pneumonia  Can be
 Blotches on acquired
AIDS - Acquired the skin through saliva,
Immune  Mental body fluids, air
Deficiency Virus disorders and physical
- is a set of contact with
symptoms caused infected
by HIV. person

DENGUE
Background Signs and Effects Prevention Best Thing to do:
Symptoms
Caused by a  On and off It has no specific  Dry If any family
virus transferred fever that cure but a stagnant member shows
to people by lasts for person can water at symptoms of
the bite of the about 2-7 recover through home dengue, it is
mosquito called days. hospitalization  Use necessary to
Aedes Aegypti.  Appearance and increasing mosquito observe him for
of the the platelet repellent 3-5 days. When
rashes count. he still
 Low blood experience any
platelet of these
count symptoms,
consult a doctor
immediately.
 TUBERCULOSIS
Background Signs and Effects Prevention Best Thing to do:
Symptoms
(TB) is a  coughing affects other For infected Consult a
potentially that lasts parts of your people: physician if
serious three or body, including - Always wear you have
infectious more weeks your kidneys, mask fever,
disease that  Coughing spine or brain. - Ventilate the unexplained
mainly affects up blood When TB occurs house weight loss,
your lungs. The  Chest pain, outside your drenching
bacteria that or pain with lungs, signs and Non-infected night sweats or
cause breathing or symptoms vary - Get a persistent
tuberculosis are coughing according to vaccinated cough. These
spread from  Unintentional the organs are often signs
one person to weight loss involved. For of TB, but they
another through  Fatigue example, can also result
tiny droplets  Fever tuberculosis of from other
released into  Night sweats the spine may medical
the air via  Chills give you back problems. Your
coughs and  Loss of pain, and doctor can
sneezes. appetite tuberculosis in perform tests
your kidneys to help
might cause determine the
blood in your cause.
urine.

MEASLES
Background Signs and Effects Prevention Best Thing to
Symptoms do:
is a childhood  fever  Pregnancy - Avoid When
infection  Dry cough – can getting infected:
caused by a  Runny nose cause close - Stay at
virus. Once  Sore throat maternal contact with home and
quite  Inflamed eyes death an infected take a rest.
common, (conjunctivitis)  Pneumonia person for - Consult a
measles can  Tiny white  Ear this is highly doctor for
now almost spots with Infections contagious. medication
always be bluish-white
prevented centers on a
with a red
vaccine. background
Also called found inside
rubeola, the mouth on
measles can the inner
be serious and lining of the
cheek — also
even fatal for called Koplik's
small children. spots
 A skin rash
made up of
large, flat
blotches that
often flow into
one another

LEPTOSPIROSIS
Background Signs and Effects Prevention Treatment
Symptoms
is a bacterial  High fever Without the risk of Antibiotics
disease that  Headache treatment, acquiring
affects humans  Chills Leptospirosis leptospirosis can
and animals. It is  Muscle aches can lead to be greatly
caused by  Vomiting kidney reduced by not
bacteria of the  Jaundice damage, swimming or
genus (yellow skin and meningitis wading in water
Leptospira. In eyes) (inflammation that might be
humans, it can  Red eyes of the contaminated
cause a wide  Abdominal membrane with animal
range of pain around the urine, or
symptoms,  Diarrhea brain and spinal eliminating
some of which  Rash cord), liver contact with
may be failure, potentially
mistaken for respiratory infected
other diseases.. distress, and animals.
even death.
Protective
clothing or
footwear should
be worn by
those exposed
to
contaminated
water or soil
because of their
job or
recreational
activities.
 HAND, FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE
Background Signs and Effects Prevention Transmission
Symptoms
is a common  fever Encephalitis  Wash your You can get
viral illness that  reduced (inflammation hands often exposed to the
usually affects appetite of the brain) or with soap viruses that
infants and  sore throat polio-like and water cause hand,
children  a feeling of paralysis can for at least 20 foot, and
younger than 5 being unwell occur, but this is seconds, mouth disease
years old. (malaise) even rarer. especially through
However, it can after
sometimes Fingernail and changing - close
occur in older toenail loss diapers and personal
children and . using the contact, such
adults toilet. as hugging an
 Clean and infected
disinfect person
frequently
touched - the air when
surfaces and an infected
soiled items, person coughs
including or sneezes
toys.
 Avoid close - contact with
contact such feces, such as
as kissing, changing
hugging, or diapers of an
sharing infected
eating person, then
utensils or touching your
cups with eyes, nose, or
people with mouth before
hand, foot, washing your
and mouth hands
disease.