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DBMS MID 1 - Short Answers

The document discusses various database concepts including: 1. The responsibilities of a Database Administrator which include software installation, data handling, backup/recovery, security, and tuning. 2. The definitions of a database instance as the data at a moment in time, and schema as the design of a database including physical, logical and view schemas. 3. Types of database users such as application programmers, sophisticated users, specialized users, and naïve users. It provides brief explanations of instance and schema, cardinality, data modeling, hierarchical data modeling, and the three levels of data abstraction in databases.

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basampally yeshwanth
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58 views

DBMS MID 1 - Short Answers

The document discusses various database concepts including: 1. The responsibilities of a Database Administrator which include software installation, data handling, backup/recovery, security, and tuning. 2. The definitions of a database instance as the data at a moment in time, and schema as the design of a database including physical, logical and view schemas. 3. Types of database users such as application programmers, sophisticated users, specialized users, and naïve users. It provides brief explanations of instance and schema, cardinality, data modeling, hierarchical data modeling, and the three levels of data abstraction in databases.

Uploaded by

basampally yeshwanth
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Short Answers.

11. List out the responsibilities of Database Administrator (DBA)?

A. 1. Software installation and Maintenance


2. Data Extraction, Transformation, and Loading

3. Specialised Data Handling

4. Database Backup and Recovery

5. Security

6. Database Tuning

12. Explain instance and schema of a database.

A. Definition of instance: The data stored in database at a particular moment of time is


called instance of database. Database schema defines the variable declarations in tables that
belong to a particular database; the value of these variables at a moment of time is called the
instance of that database.

Definition of schema: Design of a database is called the schema. Schema is of three types:
Physical schema, logical schema and view schema.

13. Explain the cardinality of a relation instance?

A. 1.One to one
2.One to many

3.Many to one

4.Many to many

14. Discuss the importance of data modelling.

A. 1. A well- developed data model can even faster improved understanding of the
organization for which the database design is developed.

2 It promotes data sharing.

3. Parent/child relationship promotes conceptual simplicity.


4. It is efficient with 1:m relationship.

15. Explain different types of data base users.

A. There are four types of database users in DBMS :

Application programmers – interact with system through DML calls

Sophisticated users – form requests in a database query language

Specialized users – write specialized database applications that do not fit into the traditional
data processing framework

Naïve users – invoke one of the permanent application programs that have been written
previously.

16. Discuss briefly about hierarchical data model?

A. A hierarchical database model is a data model in which the data are organized into a tree-
like structure. The data are stored as records which are connected to one another through
links. A record is a collection of fields, with each field containing only one value. The type of
a record defines which fields the record contains.

17. Explain the difference between Composite and derived


attribute.

A. Composite attributes can be divided into smaller subparts. These subparts represent basic
attributes with independent meanings of their own. For example, take Name attributes. We
can divide it into sub-parts like First_name, Middle_name, and Last_name.

DERIVED ATTRIBUTE: There may be a case when two or more attributes values are
related. Take the example of age. Age of a person can be calculated from person’s date of
birth and present date. Difference between the two gives the value of age. In this case, age is
the derived attribute.
18. Differentiate between data and information.

19. What is data abstraction?

A. Database systems are made-up of complex data structures. To ease the user interaction
with database, the developers hide internal irrelevant details from users. This process of
hiding irrelevant details from user is called data abstraction.

20. Explain the levels in data abstraction?

A. Physical level: This is the lowest level of data abstraction. It describes how data is
actually stored in database. You can get the complex data structure details at this level.

Logical level: This is the middle level of 3-level data abstraction architecture. It describes
what data is stored in database.

View level: Highest level of data abstraction. This level describes the user interaction with
database system.

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