 Just to the right of point (B) is: D

B C
20 kN 70 kN 50 kN

2m 1m

𝑃𝑃 20 × 103
𝜎𝜎𝐵𝐵 = = = 40.74 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀
𝐴𝐴 490.87
 The area at point ( C) is:
𝜋𝜋 2 𝜋𝜋
𝐴𝐴𝐶𝐶 = (𝑑𝑑 ) = (35)2 = 962.11 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚2
4 4
70 kN 20 kN 50 kN
 Just to the left of point (C) is:
𝑃𝑃 20 × 103
𝜎𝜎𝐶𝐶 = = = 20.79 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀
𝐴𝐴 962.11
50 kN 50 kN
 Just to the right of point (C) is:
𝑃𝑃 50 × 103
𝜎𝜎𝐶𝐶 = = = 51.97 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀
𝐴𝐴 962.11
Example (3-6): The end chord of a timber truss is framed into the bottom chord as shown
in Figure (3.14). Neglecting friction,
a) Compute dimension b, if the allowable shearing stress is (900 kPa) and
P=50 kN
b) Determine dimension c so that the bearing stress does not o
30
exceed (7MPa).

o
30
b
c
d
Figure (3.14)

41
Solution:
a)
𝑉𝑉 50 × 106 . 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐30
𝜏𝜏 = = = 900 × 10−3
𝐴𝐴 𝑏𝑏(150)

→ 𝑏𝑏 = 320.7 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 ≅ 321 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

b)
50 × 103 . 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐30
𝜎𝜎𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 = =7
𝑐𝑐(150)

→ 𝑐𝑐 = 41.2 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
c)
50 × 103 . 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠30
𝜎𝜎𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 = =7
𝑑𝑑(150)

→ 𝑑𝑑 = 23.8 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
Example (3-7): The bell crank shown in Figure (3.15), is in equilibrium,
a) Determine the required diameter of the connecting rod (AB) if its axial stress is limited
to (100 MPa).
b) Determine the shearing stress in the pin at point (D) if its radius the (20 mm).
A B
P

200 mm
240 mm
D
C
o
60
Figure (3.15) 30 kN

42
Solution:

a) ∑ 𝑀𝑀𝐷𝐷 = 0 → 𝑃𝑃(200) = 30𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠60(240)

→ 𝑃𝑃 = 31.176 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
𝑃𝑃 31.176 × 103
𝜎𝜎 = = = 100 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀
𝐴𝐴 𝐴𝐴
31.176 × 103
→ 𝐴𝐴 = = 311.77 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚2
100
𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋(𝑟𝑟 2 ) = 311.77 → 𝑟𝑟 ≅ 10 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
b) Frame as F.B.D: A B
P
RD

200 mm
240 mm
D
Dx C
o
RD/2 RD/2 60
RD Dy
30 kN

∑ 𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 = 0 → 𝐷𝐷𝑥𝑥 = 𝑃𝑃 + 30𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐60 → 𝐷𝐷𝑥𝑥 = 48.5 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘

∑𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 = 0 → 𝐷𝐷𝑦𝑦 = 30𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠60 → 𝐷𝐷𝑦𝑦 = 25.98 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘

𝑅𝑅𝐷𝐷 = �(𝐷𝐷𝑥𝑥 )2 + (𝐷𝐷𝑦𝑦 )2 = �(48.5)2 + (25.98)2 = 55 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘

𝑅𝑅𝑑𝑑� 55� × 103

𝜏𝜏 = 2 = 2 = 87.5 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀
𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2 𝜋𝜋(20)2
Example (3-8): The lap joint shown in Figure (3.16) is fastened by three (20 mm)
diameter rivets. Assuming that (P=50 kN), determine,
a) The shearing stress in each rivet.
b) The bearing stress in each plate, and the maximum average tensile stress in each plate.
Assume that the applied load (P) is distributed equally among the three rivets.
43
 130 mm
P P

P
25 mm
P

Solution: Figure (3.16)

P/3 P/3 P/3 25 mm

P=50 kN

N1 P=50 kN

N2 P=50 kN
P/3
N3 P=50 kN
P/3 P/3
a)
𝑃𝑃� 50� × 103
𝜏𝜏 = 3 = 𝜋𝜋 3 = 53 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀
𝐴𝐴𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 (20)2
4
b)
𝑃𝑃� 50� × 103
𝜎𝜎𝑏𝑏 = 3 = 3 = 33.33 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀
𝐷𝐷(𝑡𝑡) 20(25)
 For section (1-1):
𝑁𝑁1
𝜎𝜎𝑡𝑡 = , 𝑁𝑁1 = 𝑃𝑃
(𝑏𝑏 − 𝐷𝐷)(𝑡𝑡)
50 × 103
𝜎𝜎𝑡𝑡1 = = 18.18 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀
(130 − 20)(25)

44
  For section (2-2):
𝑁𝑁2
𝜎𝜎𝑡𝑡 = , 𝑁𝑁2 = 𝑃𝑃 − 𝑃𝑃⁄3
(𝑏𝑏 − 𝐷𝐷)(𝑡𝑡)
(50 − 50⁄3) × 103
𝜎𝜎𝑡𝑡2 = = 12.12 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀
(130 − 20)(25)
 For section (3-3):
𝑁𝑁3
𝜎𝜎𝑡𝑡 = , 𝑁𝑁3 = 𝑃𝑃 − 2𝑃𝑃⁄3
(𝑏𝑏 − 𝐷𝐷)(𝑡𝑡)
(50 − 2(50)⁄3) × 103
𝜎𝜎𝑡𝑡3 = = 6.06 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀
(130 − 20)(25)
The maximum tensile stress is 18.18 MPa at section (1-1)
 In the same example, determine the maximum safe load (P) which may be applied
if the shearing stress in the rivets is limited to (60 MPa), the bearing stress in the
plates to (110 MPa), and the average tensile stress in the plate to (140 MPa).
Solution:
𝑃𝑃�
𝜏𝜏 = 3 → 60 = 𝑃𝑃⁄3 → 𝑃𝑃 = 56.5 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
𝐴𝐴𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝜋𝜋
(202 )
4
𝑃𝑃�
𝜎𝜎𝑏𝑏 = 3 → 110 = 𝑃𝑃⁄3 → 𝑃𝑃 = 165 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
𝐷𝐷(𝑡𝑡) 20(25)
𝑃𝑃 𝑃𝑃
𝜎𝜎𝑡𝑡 = → 140 = → 𝑃𝑃 = 385 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
(𝑏𝑏 − 𝐷𝐷)(𝑡𝑡) (130 − 20)(25)
 The maximum P is the smallest one P=56.5 kN

45