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Understanding The Self

This document discusses different philosophers' views on the nature of the self from Socrates to modern times. It summarizes that Socrates viewed humans as consisting of body and soul, while Plato supported a dual nature of body and soul. Later philosophers like Augustine, Aquinas, Descartes, Hume, Kant, Ryle, and Merleau-Ponty debated the relationship between mind, body, and self-identity. Psychoanalysis, developed by Freud, emphasized the importance of unconscious processes in shaping one's identity.

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100 views2 pages

Understanding The Self

This document discusses different philosophers' views on the nature of the self from Socrates to modern times. It summarizes that Socrates viewed humans as consisting of body and soul, while Plato supported a dual nature of body and soul. Later philosophers like Augustine, Aquinas, Descartes, Hume, Kant, Ryle, and Merleau-Ponty debated the relationship between mind, body, and self-identity. Psychoanalysis, developed by Freud, emphasized the importance of unconscious processes in shaping one's identity.

Uploaded by

Blackfist Zephyr
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Understanding The Self

- Is a fundamental source of General Education


Curriculum for tertiary education. It is designed to help
the students understand the nature of identity including
the factors that influence and shape personal identity.
Socrates
- First philosopher who engaged in systematic questioning
about the self.
- Every man is composed of body and soul. This means
every human person is dualistic, that is, he is composed
of two important aspects of his parenthood.
Plato
- Socrate’s student who took off from his master and
supported the idea that man is dual nature of body and
soul.

Three Components of Soul:


1. The irrational soul, forged by reason and intellect has to govern affairs of
human person.
2. The spirited soul, which is in charge of emotions, should be kept at by.
3. The appetitive soul, which is in charge of base desires from eating,
drinking, sleeping and having sex are controlled as well.

Augustine
- An aspect of man dwells in the world and is imperfect
and continuous yearns to be with the divine and the
other is capable of reaching immortality.
Thomas Aquinas
- the most eminent thirteenth century scholar and
student of the medieval philosophy appended
something to Christians view.
Two Parts of man
1. Matter or “hyle” in Greek
2. Form Or “morphe”
Rene Descartes
- Father of modern philosophy conceived of the human
person as having a body and a mind.
Davide Hume
- Scottish philosopher
- Empiricist
- Impressions are the basic objects of our sensations.
- Ideas or copies of impressions.
Immanuel Kant
- Thinking of the self as a mere combinations of
impressions makes problematic.
Gilbert Ryle
- Suggest’s that the “self” is not and entity we can locate
and analyze but simply the convenient name that people
use to refer to all the behavior that people make.
Merleau – Ponty
- Dualism that has spelled so much devastation in the
history of man for him the Cartesian.

Psychoanalysis : Developed by Sigmund Freud it gave importance to unconscious


processes, conflicts, anxiety and disorders.

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