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Complex Number Exercise

1. This document provides a mathematics problem sheet covering complex numbers and engineering mathematics. It includes 9 problems involving: solving complex equations, expressing complex numbers in various forms, properties of complex functions, de Moivre's theorem, and extracting physical solutions from a complex mathematical expression. 2. Key concepts covered include: representing complex numbers in polar and exponential forms, properties of complex functions including their real and imaginary parts, using de Moivre's theorem to express trigonometric functions as complex exponentials, and extracting the physical real and imaginary solutions from a complex mathematical expression describing a mechanical vibration problem. 3. The problems progress from simpler tasks like solving complex equations to more advanced topics like using de Moivre

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214 views

Complex Number Exercise

1. This document provides a mathematics problem sheet covering complex numbers and engineering mathematics. It includes 9 problems involving: solving complex equations, expressing complex numbers in various forms, properties of complex functions, de Moivre's theorem, and extracting physical solutions from a complex mathematical expression. 2. Key concepts covered include: representing complex numbers in polar and exponential forms, properties of complex functions including their real and imaginary parts, using de Moivre's theorem to express trigonometric functions as complex exponentials, and extracting the physical real and imaginary solutions from a complex mathematical expression describing a mechanical vibration problem. 3. The problems progress from simpler tasks like solving complex equations to more advanced topics like using de Moivre

Uploaded by

soon0618
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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University of Nottingham

School of Mathematical Sciences


MMME1038
HG1M11 Mathematics for Engineers 1
Engineering Mathematics

Complex numbers Problem Sheet 1


1. Solve (a) 2x2 − x + 2 = 0, (b) x2 + 2x + 2 = 0.

2. Express the following complex numbers in the form x + iy, where x and y are real.
18 − i (1 + i)3 (1 − i)(1 + 3i)
(a) (3 + 4i)(4 − 5i); (b) ; (c) ; (d) .
2 − 3i (1 − i) (2 + i)2
Show each answer on an Argand diagram.

3. Let
1+z
Z= �
1−z

where z = x + iy and x and y are real. Write Z in the form X + iY where X and Y are
real. That is, find expressions for X and Y in terms of x and y.

4. Let
1
Z1 = R� Z2 = iωL and Z3 = �
iωC

where ω, R, L and C are all real constants and let Z be defined by the equation

1 1 1
= + .
Z Z1 Z2 + Z3

Show that the real part of Z is


� �2
1
R ωL − ωC
Re Z = � �2
1
R2 + ωL − ωC

and find a similar expression for its imaginary part.

5. Express the following in the form reiθ = r(cos θ + i sin θ)� −π < θ ≤ π.
� √ � � √ �8
(a) −i (b) 1 + i (c) −8 i 3 − 1 (d) 1 + i 3
Show each number on the Argand diagram.

6. Complete the following table


x + iy modulus argument polar form exponential form
√
(a) −2 + 2i 3
(b) 3 −3π/4
(c) 6(cos π6 + i sin π6 )
(d) πei

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7. Find all roots of the following equations.
(a) z 4 = 1 (b) z 4 = 16 (c) z 3 = −27i
√
(d) z 3 = −4 (e) z 6 = 64(1 + i)/ 2

8. (a) Use de Moivre’s theorem to show that


cos nθ = 12 (wn + w−n )� (dM)
where w = cos θ + i sin θ.
4
(b) By writing cos4 θ = ((w + w−1 )/2) , hence confirm that
cos4 θ = 18 cos 4θ + 21 cos 2θ + 38 .

9. The equations for a mechanical vibration problem are found to have the following
mathematical solution

eiωt
z(t) = �
ω02 − ω 2 + iγ

where t represents time and ω, ω0 and γ are all positive real physical constants. Although
z(t) is complex and cannot directly represent a physical solution, it turns out that the real
and imaginary parts x(t) and y(t) in z(t) = x(t) + iy(t) can. Polar notation can be used
to extract this physical information efficiently as follows.

(a) Put the numerator in the form


ω02 − ω 2 + iγ = aeiδ �
where you should give explicit expressions for a and δ in terms of ω, ω0 and γ.
(b) Hence find contants b and ϕ such that
x(t) = b cos(ωt + ϕ)
and write a similar expression for y(t).

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