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Takrifan Konsep Dan Hukum Fizik: Atau Atau

This document defines concepts and laws in physics. It discusses key concepts such as displacement, speed, velocity, acceleration, mass, Newton's laws of motion, momentum, force, work, energy, power, density, elasticity, pressure, heat, specific heat capacity, and states of matter. The document also outlines several important physics principles including the principles of conservation of momentum, Hooke's law, Archimedes' principle, Pascal's principle, Bernoulli's principle, and thermal equilibrium.

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Adnan Shamsudin
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
182 views4 pages

Takrifan Konsep Dan Hukum Fizik: Atau Atau

This document defines concepts and laws in physics. It discusses key concepts such as displacement, speed, velocity, acceleration, mass, Newton's laws of motion, momentum, force, work, energy, power, density, elasticity, pressure, heat, specific heat capacity, and states of matter. The document also outlines several important physics principles including the principles of conservation of momentum, Hooke's law, Archimedes' principle, Pascal's principle, Bernoulli's principle, and thermal equilibrium.

Uploaded by

Adnan Shamsudin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TAKRIFAN KONSEP DAN HUKUM FIZIK

Concepts and
Chapter Definition
Physics laws
Displacement Jarak dalam arah tertentu
The distance in a specific direction
Laju Kadar perubahan jarak atau jarak/masa
Speed The rate of change of distance or distance / time
Halaju, v Kadar perubahan sesaran atau sesaran/masa
Velocity The rate of change of displacement or displacement / time
Pecutan, a Kadar perubahan halaju.
Accelration The rate of change of velocity
Jisim, m Kuantiti jirim yang terkandung dalam objek itu.
Mass The quantity of matter in the object.
Hukum Gerakan Newton Sesuatu objek akan dalam keadaan pegun atau keadaan
Pertama gerakan halaju seragam jika tiada daya luar bertindak ke
Newton first law of atas objek tersebut.
motion An object will be stationary or uniform velocity motion if no
external force acts on the object.
Prinsip Keabadian Jumlah momentum sebelum dan selepas sama
Momentum The amount of momentum before and after is equal
The Principles of
conservation of
Chapter 2 – Force and Motion

Momentum
Momentum Momentum hasil darab jisim dengan halaju atau jisim x halaju
Momentum atau p=mv; m = jisim, v = halaju
Momentum is a product of mass and velocity or mass x
velocity or p = mv; m = mass, v = velocity
Daya seimbang Tiada daya bersih atau F = 0 atau object keadaan pegun
Balance Force atau laju seragam.
No net force or F = 0 or stationary or uniform velocity.
Daya, F Tarikan atau tolakkan
Force Pull or push
Impuls, Ft Perubahan momentum atau Daya x masa atau Ft ; F=daya,
Impulse t=masa
Change of momentum or Power x time or Ft; F = force, t = time
Daya impuls, F Kadar perubahan momentum
Impulsive Force, F Change in momentum
Berat, W Berat suatu objek ialah daya tarikan graviti atau W = mg; m =
Weight, W jisim, g = pecutan graviti atau jisim x pecutan graviti
Weight of an object is gravitional force or W = mg; m = mass,
g = gravitional acceleration or mass x gravitional
acceleration
Keseimbangan Daya Daya paduan semua daya itu ialah sifar.
Equilibrium of force The resultan force is zero.
Kerja, W Kerja ditakrifkan hasil darab sesaran dan daya atau W = Fs; F
Work = daya, s = sesaran
Work is defined as a force and displacement or W = Fs; F =
force, s = displacement
Tenaga, E Tenaga ialah keupayaan melakukan kerja.
Energy Energy is the ability to do work.
Kuasa, P kadar melakukan kerja atau kadar perubahan tenaga atau
Power kerja/masa atau P = W/t ; W=kerja, t=masa
the rate of work done or rate of energy change or work / time
or P = W / t; W = work, t = time

CIKGU ADNAN 1
TAKRIFAN KONSEP DAN HUKUM FIZIK

Ketumpatan, ρ Jisim per isipadu atau jisim / isipadu atau  = m/v; m=jisim,
Density v=isipadu
Mass per volume or mass / volume or  = m / v; m = mass, v =
volume
Kekenyalan Kebolehan bahan itu untuk kembali ke bentuk dan saiz
Elasticity asalnya apabila daya yang dikenakan ke atasnya dialihkan.
Chapter 3 – Force and Pressure

The ability of the material to return to its original shape and


size when the force applied to it is removed.
Hukum Hooke Pemanjangan berkadar langsung dengan daya jika daya itu
Hooke's Law tidak melebihi had kekenyalan bahan itu.
The extension is directly proportional to the force if the force
does not exceed the elasticity limit of the material.
Had kekenyalan Daya maksimum yang boleh dikenakan ke atas spring itu
Elastic limit sebelum spring itu kehilangan sifat kekenyalannya.
Maximum force that can be applied to the spring before the
spring loses its elasticity.
Tekanan, P Daya per luas atau
𝐃𝐚𝐲𝐚 𝐅
atau P = ; F =daya, A=luas
Presure 𝐋𝐮𝐚𝐬 𝐀
Force per area or Force/Area atau P=F/A; F=force, A=area
Prinsip Archimedes Daya tujah ke atas sama dengan berat bendalir yang
Archimedes Principle disesarkan.
The thrust force is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced.
Prinsip Pascal Tekanan dipindahkan secara seragam.
Pascal Principle Pressure is transmited uniformly.
Prinsip Bernoulli Halaju bertambah, tekanan berkurang.
Bernoulli's principle The velocity increases, the pressure decreases.
Keseimbangan terma 1. Kadar bersih pemidahan tenaga antara 2 objek itu adalah
Thermal quilibrium sifar.
The net of energy tranfered between the two objects is
zero.
2. Kedua-dua objek mempunyai suhu yang sama.
Both objects have the same temperature.
Haba Tenaga
Chapter 4 - Heat

Heat Energy
Muatan haba tentu, c Haba yang diperlukan untuk menaikkan suhu sebanyak 10C
Specific heat capacity bagi 1 kg bahan.
The heat required to raise the temperature by 10C for 1 kg of
material.
Haba pendam tentu, L Tenaga haba utk meleburkan 1kg pepejal kpd cecair tanpa
Specific latent heat perubahan suhu.
Heat energy to melt 1kg solid to liquid without temperature
changes.
Takat lebur Suhu pepejal menjadi cecair
Melting point Temperature solid becomes to liquid
Takat didih Suhu cecair menjad gas
Boiling point The temperature liquid to gas
Titik fokus Titik di mana sinar caya yg selari menumpu padanya.
Chapter 5 - Light

Focus point The point where the parallel rays of light converge on it.
Panjang fokus Jarak di antara titik fokus dengan cermin/kanta.
Focal length The distance between the focal point with the mirror / lens.
Pembiasan cahaya Pembengkokkan arah perambatan cahaya apabila
Refraction of light merambat dari satu medium ke satu medium lain yang
berlainan ketumpatan.
The bending of propagation of light from one medium to
another with different densities.

CIKGU ADNAN 2
TAKRIFAN KONSEP DAN HUKUM FIZIK

Indeks pembiasan Nisbah halaju cahaya dlm vakum dgn halaju cahaya dlm
Refractive index medium.
The ratio of velocity of light in vacuum with the velocity light in
the medium.
Sudut genting Sudut tuju apabila sudut pembiasan sama dengan 900 atau i
Critical angle bila r = 900
The angle of incidence when the refractive angle equals 900
or i when r = 900
Muka gelombang Garisan yang menyambungkan titik-titik yang bergerak pada
Wave front fasa yang sama.
A line that connects all the points that move on the same
phase.
Frekuensi, f Bilangan ayunan lengkap dalam masa 1 saat.
Frequency The number of complete oscillation in 1 second.
Panjang gelombang, λ Jarak 2 titik yang sefasa atau jarak dua puncak atau jarak
Wave length dua lembangan.
The distance of 2 points that infase or distance two crest or
distance two trough.
Pelembapan Amplitud ayunan berkurang dengan masa disebabkan
Chapter 6 - Wave

Damping kehilangan tenaga.


Amplitude of oscillation decreases with time due to energy
loss.
Resonans Sistem dipaksa bergetar pada frekuensi aslinya dengan
Resonance amplitud yang maksimum.
The system is forced to vibrate at its original frequency with
maximum amplitude.
Prinsip superposisi Apabila 2 atau lebih gelombang merambat melalui suatu titik
Principle of superposition tertentu pada ketika yang sama, sesaran paduan pada titik
itu adalah sama dengan jumlah secara vektor bagi sesaran
setiap gelombang individu.
When two or more waves travel through a certain point at the
same time, the resultan displacement at that point is equal to
the sum of the displacement of each individual wave.
Koheren Sama frekuensi dan fasa yang sama.
Coherent Same frequency and same phase.
Ultrasonik Ultrasonik ialah gelombang bunyi yang mempunyai frekuensi
Ultrasonic tinggi atau bunyi lebih daripada 20000 Hz.
High frequency of sound wave or sound more than 20000 Hz.
Arus elektrik, I Kadar Pengaliran Cas.
Current, I The rate of charge flow
Rintangan, R Nisbah beza keupayaan, V, terhadap arus, I .
Electromagnet and Electronic
Chapter 7,8 and 9 – Electric,

Resistance, R The ratio of potential difference, V, to current, I.


Hukum Ohm V  I ; jika suhu malar.
Ohm's law V  I; if the temperature is constant.
Hukum Lenz Arus aruhan yang terhasil sentiasa mengalir pada arah yang
Lenz's Law menentang perubahan fluks magnet yang menghasilkannya.
The induced current always flows in the opposite direction of
the magnetic flux changes that produce it.
Hukum Faraday Magnitude D.G.E teraruh berkadar langsung kepada kadar
Faraday's law perubahan fluks magnet.
The magnitude induce emf is indirectly proportions to the rate
of change of magnetic flux.
Transformer Alat untuk meningkatkan dan menurunkan beza keupayaan
Transformer arus ulang-alik.
Device to increases and decreases the potential difference of
alternating current.

CIKGU ADNAN 3
TAKRIFAN KONSEP DAN HUKUM FIZIK

Get Logik peranti elektronik yang mempunyai satu atau beberapa input
Logic Gate dan hanya satu output atau rajah berlabel...
electronic device that has one or more inputs and only one
output or labeled diagram ...

Medan elektrik Kawasan di mana cas mengalami daya elektrik / tarikan /


Electric field tolakkan.
The area where the charge is experience electric force
Arus Aruhan Arus terhasil bila konduktor/dawai memotong fluk magnet
Induce current The produce of current when the conductor / wire cuts the
magnetic flux
Elektromagnet Magnet semantara atau magnet dihasilkan oleh arus
Electromagnetic Temporary magnet or magnet generated by the current
Radioisotop Isotop yang tidak stabil atau isotop berradioaktif
Radioisotope Unstable isotopes or radioactive isotopes
Keradioaktifan Nukleus yang tidak stabil.
Radioactivity Unstable nucleus.
Radioactivity
Chapter 10 -

Nombor Nukleon Jumlah proton dan neutron


Nucleon number The number of protons and neutrons
Pembelahan nukleus Pemecahan 1 nukleus berat kepada 2 nukleus ringan.
Nucleus fission Spliting 1 heavy nucleus into 2 lighter nuclei.
Setengah hayat Masa yang diambil untuk nombor / aktiviti / jisim berkurang
Half life separuh.
The time taken for the number / activity / mass decreases by
half.

CIKGU ADNAN 4

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