SYNOPSIS
On
Drone
SUBMITTED
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREE OF
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
Submitted By:-
AMAN(2314222)
Submitted to:-
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,
Ambala College of Engineering and Applied Research, Devsthali, Near
Mithapur, Ambala-133101
(Affiliated to Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra)
(2018)
INTRODUCTION:
Over the last few years we have seen a massive growth in the manufacture and
sales of remote control airborne vehicles known as Quadcopters.
These Unmanned Aerial Vehicles have four arms and fixed pitch propellers which
are set in an X or + configuration with X being the preferred configuration.
They are sometimes referred to as Drones, Quadrotors or Quadrocopters. In the
standard format two propellers will spin in a clockwise direction with the other two
spinning in an anticlockwise direction allowing the craft to vertically ascend, hover in
the air and fly in a designated direction. The Quadcopter is a simple format with very
few moving parts and has rapidly become a favourite vehicle for remote control
enthusiasts and is widely being used as an effective Aerial photographic platform.
Recreational use is increasing as well: for less than 50 Euros a small remote
controlled quadcopter can be bought to fly around in your living room or garden. In
these situations the quadcopter is usually in free flight. There is no physical contact
between the surroundings and the quad copter and no cooperation between the
quadcopters If would have the capabilities to collaborate the number of possibilities
grows even further. For example, a group of Drone would be able to efficiently and
autonomously search a missing person in a large area by sharing data between. Or,
the combined load capacity of a group of quad copters can be used to deliver
medicine in remote areas.
By adding four motors and four propellers to a lightweight frame constructed of light
wood, carbon fibre, or fibreglass then connecting it to a remote control transmitter via
a small control board fitted with a gyroscopic stabilization system and connected to a
Lipo battery these craft were relatively simple to construct.
BLOCK DIAGRAM :
Component Used :
Frame
The frame is important because it is where to put the Other Components of
Multicopter . Like Mobil , the Frame Body of Multicopter .
Frame type adapted to the needs . For his own material there are various kinds such
as PCBs Fiber , Aluminum , Glass Fiber , Carbon , even some made of wood .
Motor Or Rotor
Motor is used as the player vane in order homemade quadcopter you can fly and
maneuver . There are so many types of motorcycles sold in the market , but there
are some things that are required of you noticed. Motor kilovolt be sorted by size ,
the higher the faster his kV motors also can rotate.
ESC (Electronic Speed Controls)
Electronic Speed Controls is a component that works set on each motor rotation
speed . You need four pieces of ESC are connected to each of the four motors
earlier.Later, the ESC is connected to the battery as a power source via a socket or
via power distribution board first. The level of accuracy of motor rotation is very
important to maintain the stability quadcopter , so use the appropriate and qualified
ESC .
As a recommendation,use ESC contained therein Simonk Firmware, firmware is able
to change the refresh rate of the ESC so as to provide instructions per second more
than the ESC to the motor
Flight Controller
This is the central component of a Quadcopter in the board Flight Controller on duty
there gyroscope sensor for determining the orientation of motion and accelerometer
sensor that reads the speed and slope of the quadcopter .
Radio Transmitter Dan Receiver
To be more simple , we call it the Remote Controller . If you want to use Flight
Controller HobbyKing KK2.0,at a minimum you should buy a remote controller that
has 4 channels .
Usually to control quadcopter , could use 9xR Turnigy brand , the brand is very
popular in Indonesia so you will have no trouble in finding this stuff . Turnigy 9xR has
9 channel , so you can use this remote to other projects in the future .
Propeller
Better known as Propeller , to create artificial quadcopter you fly , propeller used is 2
pairs pair rotates clockwise and another pair rotates counter-clockwise or so-called
pusher .
Battery
Typically , quadcopter using the battery types LiPo ( lithium polymer ) , for the project
in this article , use a LiPo battery with 3000mAh 3S1P 20C specification . Means the
battery capacity is 3000mAh , 3S1P means 3 cell mounted in parallel , with each cell
has a 3.7 volt battery means is the voltage of 11.1 volts . while C stands for
Capacity, so 20 C with 3000mAh means 20 * 3000 = 60000mAh = 60 A. 60A was
issued battery current in a moment .
The greater capacity of the battery , the greater its enormous size , the larger the
size of the batteries will add to the load received by quadcopter .
Applications:
Agriculture
Farmers can benefit from drones in several ways. In fact, many in the UAV industry
cite agriculture as an enormous area of opportunity for drone technology. Not only
can drones save farmers money by helping them identify failing plants early and take
inventory of crops, but the machines can also be used to map and study the
farmland and its irrigation systems
Architecture and construction
Architectural firms and construction contractors are also benefitting from the use of
drones. Much like professionals in real estate, architects can use images and
footage of a property to create 3D renderings of the structures they aim to build.
Delivery
Drone-based delivery services probably constitute one of the most obvious
applications.
Emergency Services
Using drones for emergency response services, particularly when it comes to
medical needs, presents new opportunities for life-saving measures. Using drones to
get eyes on a difficult situation, or to deliver medical supplies to stranded victims,
could enchance the ability of emergency response physicians to offer care in difficult
situations.
Engineering
Engineering firms are also utilizing drones on in-depth projects like oil pipelines,
transmission cables and maintenance inspections.
