3 Nov
3 Nov
Choose one word whose stress pattern is different from that of the others.
1.B 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.B 9.C 10.A
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11. You must ______ work. Otherwise you’ll end up with an unimaginable backlog of tasks.
A. smirk B. assign C. delegate D. entrust
12. I'd love to come but I'm completely _____ under with work at the moment.
A. snowed B. iced C. rained D. fogged
13. Don’t call Pam just now. Something has gone wrong with the computer; she’s _________
because she can’t get the data she needs.
A. out of a rut B. in the swim C. under the sink D. in a stew
14. The needs of gifted children in schools have long been _________neglected.
A. dolefully B. woefully C. idly D. pathetically
15. Having planned our weekends to watch football, we found the news of the home team’s
players’ strike most _________.
A. disconcerting B. refreshing C. activating D. debilitating
16. Dominant individuals may use _________ gestures to underline their power.
A. submissive B. expansive C. flirtatious D. nervous
17. We should all ___________ when advertisers attempt to use unfair practices.
A. make a stand B. make a deal
C. make amends D. make a comeback
18. That company is trapped in a downward __________ of debt.
A. circle B. spiral C. trend D. path
19. The men’s efforts to help only served to __________ the problem and they were finally
forced to call in the emergency services.
A. extricate B. enervate C. extirpate D. exacerbate
20. Unemployment threat has been _____ for a while now.
A. intimidating on the air B. daunting on the lookout
C. looming on the horizon D. overwhelming on the wing
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21. We walk through a park, ______ had been uprooted in the storm. It was a scene of utter
desolation.
A. whose most trees B. most of whose trees
C. most trees of which D. that the most trees
22. I was lonely at first, but after a time I got used to it. I ______ it.
A. got even liking B. even got liking
C. even got to like D. got even liking
23. Charlie ______ a speech at the end of the last term, but he didn’t.
A. was to have given B. is to give
C. was to give D. was to be given
24. Thunder occurs as ______ through air, causing the heated air to expand and collide with
layers cooler air.
A. an electrical charge B. the passing of an electric pass
C. passing an electrical charge D. an electrical charge passes
25. For the first few months, the babies looked so alike I couldn’t tell ____.
A. who is whom B. which is which
C. which from which D. whom with whom
26. It is advocated that the campaign ______ funds ______ at once.
A. to raise – be launched B. raise – to be launched
C. raise – launched D. to raise – is launched
27. As soon as John ______________, we can leave.
A. has the car starting B. has got the car started
C. got started the car D. was got starting the car
28. I was surprised when I locked out the window and saw fog everywhere. It was no fog but
smoke, and very thick smoke _____.
A. as it all B. as such C. perse D. at that
29. “Does Nina make a lot of money?”
“Of course not. Otherwise, she (not have to) ______ borrow money all the time.”
A. would not have had to B. doesn’t have to
C. would not have to D. won’t have to
30. “Why are they taking down the decorations?”
“The concert (be) ______ over, they are putting everything back in its place.”
A. being B. is C. has been D. should be
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31. If someone phones me while I am in the meeting, I will have to break________ for a few
minutes as I am expecting a really important call.
A. up B. with C. off D. along
32. Sales are up 10% on this period last year. We need to build ________ that if we are to save
this company.
A. up B. on C. against D. for
33. Don’t take ________ your bad friends any more or you’ll regret it!
A. up with B. in for C. down at D. for
34. Even old Henry Spalding, who has returned to Wellington in the spring, added his signature
________good measure.
A. to B. into C. under D. for
35. Junior hospital doctors are thrown ______ at the deep end in their first jobs.
A. in B. away C. to D. with
36. He’s not feeling well at the moment, but he should be up and ________again in a few days.
A. down B. up C. about D. out
37. He’s a tough politician- he knows how to _________the storm.
A. run down B. keep up C. push back D. ride out
38. After the king had been ______ exile for donkey’s years, he returned to Britain.
A. out of B. in C. with D. at
39. A car suddenly pulled ________________ in front of me and I couldn’t stop in time.
A. at B. forward C. out D. backward
40. Why not buy the dress______ approval then you can take it back if it doesn't fit your
mother?
A. in B. with C. by D. on
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Harry Houdini, who died in 1927, was the entertainment phenomenon of the ragtime era.
He could escape from chains and padlocks, from ropes and canvas sacks. They put him in a
strait jacket and hung him upside down from a skyscraper and he somehow untied himself.
They tied him up in a locked packing case and sank him in Liverpool docks. Minutes later he
surfaced smiling. They locked him in a zinc-lined Russian prison van and he emerged
leaving the doors locked and the locks undamaged. They padlocked him in a milk churn full
of water and he burst free. They put him in a coffin, screwed down the lid, and buried him and
... well, no, he didn't pop up like a mole, but when they dug him up more than half an hour
later, he was still breathing.
Houdini would usually allow his equipment to be examined by the audience. The chains, locks
and packing cases all seemed perfectly genuine, so it was tempting to conclude that he
possessed superhuman powers. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes was the very
paragon of analytical thinking but Conan Doyle believed that Houdini achieved his tricks
through spiritualism. Indeed, he wrote to the escapologist imploring him to use his psychic
powers more profitably for the common good instead of just prostituting his talent every night
at the Alhambra. However, Houdini repeatedly denounced spiritualism and disclaimed any
psychic element to his act.
The alternative explanation for his feats of escapism was that Houdini could do unnatural
things with his body. It is widely held that he could dislocate his shoulders to escape from
strait-jackets, and that he could somehow contract his wrists in order to escape from
handcuffs. His ability to spend long periods in confined spaces is cited as evidence that he
could put his body into suspended animation, as Indian fakirs are supposed to do.
This is all nonsense. If you ever find yourself in a strait-jacket, it's difficult to imagine anything
less helpful than a dislocated shoulder. Contracting your wrists is not only unhelpful but,
frankly, impossible because the bones of your wrist are very tightly packed together and the
whole structure is virtually incompressible. As for suspended animation, the trick of surviving
burial and drowning relies on the fact that you can live for short periods on the air in a confined
space. The air shifted by an average person in a day would occupy a cube just eight feet square.
The build-up of carbon monoxide tends to pollute this supply, but, if you can relax, the air in a
coffin should keep you going for half an hour or so.
In other words, there was nothing physically remarkable about Houdini except for his
bravery ,skill and fitness. His nerve was so cool that he could remain in a coffin six feet
underground until they came to dig him up. His fingers were so strong that he could undo a
buckle or manipulate keys through the canvas of a strait jacket or a mail bag. He made a
comprehensive study of Jocks and was able to conceal lock-picks about his person in a way
which fooled even the doctors who examined him. When they locked him in the prison van
he still had a hacksaw blade with which to saw through the joins in the metal lining and get
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access to the planks of the floor. As an entertainer he combined all this strength and ingenuity
with a lot of trickery. His stage escapes took place behind a curtain with an orchestra playing to
disguise the banging and sawing. The milk churn in which he was locked had a double lining
so that, while the lid was locked onto the rim, the rim was not actually attached to the churn.
Houdini merely had to stand up to get out. The mail sack he cut open at the seam and sewed
up with similar thread. The bank safe from which he emerged had been secretly worked on by
his mechanics for 24 hours before the performance.
All Houdini's feats are eminently explicable, although to explain them, even now, is a kind of
heresy. Houdini belongs to that band of mythical supermen who, we like to believe, were
capable of miracles and would still be alive today were it not for some piece of low trickery.
It's said of Houdini that a punch in his belly when he wasn't prepared for it caused his burst
appendix. Anatomically, it's virtually impossible that a punch could puncture your gut, but
the story endures. Somehow the myth of the superman has an even greater appeal than the
edifice of twenty-first century logic.
41. In the first paragraph, what does the writer say Houdini managed to do?
A. jump upside down from a skyscraper
B. escape from a submerged box
C. break the locks of a Russian prison van
D. fight his way out of an empty milk churn
42. The writer mentions Houdini's burial alive to illustrate the fact that________
A. his tricks sometimes went disastrously wrong.
B. he was not always able to do what he claimed he could.
C. he was capable of extraordinary feats of survival.
D. he had overcome his fear of confined spaces.
43. The word imploring in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to______ .
A. asking B. reminding C. begging D. ordering
44. The writer suggests that Conan Doyle________
A. was less analytical about Houdini than one might have expected.
B. asked Houdini if he could include him in a Sherlock Holmes story.
C. felt that Houdini could make more money in other ways.
D. thought there were scientific explanations for Houdini's feats.
45. The writer comes to the conclusion that Houdini________
A. had an unusual bone structure.
B. could make parts of his body smaller.
C. was able to put himself in a trance.
D. was not physically abnormal.
46. It appears that Houdini was able to escape from strait-jackets by________
A. using hidden lock-picks.
B. undoing buckles from inside the material.
C. cutting the canvas with a hacksaw.
D. turning keys he had concealed.
47. The word handcuffs in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to______ .
A. manacles B. mandrakes C. mangroves D. maniocs
48. The writer states that when Houdini escaped from the milk churn_________
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41. B- 42.C- 43.C- 44. A- 45.D- 46.B- 47.A- 48.C- 49.B- 50. A
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Among all the abilities with which an individual may be endowed, musical talent appears earliest in
life. Very young children can exhibit musical precocity for different reasons. Some develop
exceptional skill as a result of a well-designed instructional regime, such as the Suzuki method for
the violin. Some have the good fortune to be born into a musical family in a household filled with
music. In a number of interesting cases, musical talent is part of an otherwise disabling condition
such as autism or mental retardation. A musically gifted child has an inborn talent; however, the
extent to which the talent is expressed publicly will depend upon the environment in which the
child lives.
Musically gifted children master at an early age the principal elements of music, including pitch and
rhythm. Pitch—or melody—is more central in certain cultures, for example, in Eastern societies that
make use of tiny quarter-tone intervals. Rhythm, sounds produced at certain auditory frequencies
and grouped according to a prescribed system, is emphasized in sub-Saharan Africa, where the
rhythmic ratios can be very complex.
All children have some aptitude for making music. During infancy, normal children sing as well as
babble, and they can produce individual sounds and sound patterns. Infants as young as two months
can match their mother’s songs in pitch, loudness, and melodic shape, and infants at four months
can match rhythmic structure as well. Infants are especially predisposed to acquire these core
aspects of music, and they can also engage in sound play that clearly exhibits creativity.
Individual differences begin to emerge in young children as they learn to sing. Some children car
match large segments of a song by the age of two or three. Many others can only approximate pitch
at this age and may still have difficulty in producing accurate melodies by the age of five or six.
However, by the time they reach school age, most children in any culture have a schema of what a
song should be like and can produce a reasonably accurate imitation of the songs commonly heard
in their environment.
The early appearance of superior musical ability in some children provides evidence that musical
talent may be a separate and unique form of intelligence. There are numerous tales of young artists
who have a remarkable “ear” or extraordinary memory for music and a natural understanding of
musical structure. In many of these cases, the child is average in every other way but displays an
exceptional ability in music. Even the most gifted child, however, takes about ten years to achieve
the levels of performance or composition that would constitute mastery of the musical sphere.
Every generation in music history has had its famous prodigies—individuals with exceptional
musical powers that emerge at a young age. In the eighteenth century, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
began composing and performing at the age of six. As a child, Mozart could play the piano like an
adult. He had perfect pitch, and at age nine he was also a master of the art of modulation—
transitions from one key to another—which became one of the hallmarks of his style. By the age of
eleven, he had composed three symphonies and 30 other major works. Mozart’s well-developed
talent was preserved into adulthood.
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Unusual musical ability is a regular characteristic of certain anomalies such as autism. In one case,
an autistic girl was able to play “Happy Birthday” in the style of various composers, including
Mozart, Beethoven, Verdi, and Schubert. When the girl was three, her mother called her by playing
incomplete melodies, which the child would complete with the appropriate tone in the proper
octave. For the autistic child, music may be the primary mode of communication, and the child may
cling to music because it represents a haven in a world that is largely confusing and frightening.
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51. C- 52.A- 53.B- 54. A- 55.C- 56.A- 57.B- 58.D- 59.C- 60. D
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She had (61)_____. Her foot must have slipped. Either way, the five seconds it took her to restart
the car had seemed an (62)_____. The drivers behind her had impatiently sounded their horns and
she had been (63)_____. How it happened she didn't know, but she had put the car (64)_____
reverse and driven into the car behind her. Nothing had happened to the car behind, but she had (65)
_____ the back of her own. Her husband would be livid. Five minutes later, she was still thinking
about her husband. Perhaps that was why she was not paying attention. Perhaps that's why she didn't
see the boy kick his football into the road. Perhaps that's why when she saw the ball she couldn't
rationalize that it was only a ball. She (66) _____to avoid it and then (67) _____the brakes as she
realized she was (68)_____ a ditch. Smash. It happened in slow motion. She watched the
windscreen shatter, she heard the metal crumple. But she was okay. She had (69) _____off her
husband's car. Destroyed it. She watched the recovery van (70) _____ away the wreckage of what
was once her husband's pride and joy. The van, with the car rolling unsteadily behind it,
disappeared. She watched it go, turned, picked up the football and started walking home.
61. C- 62.A- 63.C- 64. D- 65.B- 66.A- 67.A- 68.D- 69.B- 70. A
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Now, nearly 40 years later, the Cold War is over, but Churchill's ideals - (71) _____, democracy,
freedom - are just as relevant. So Westminster decided to give its galleries "on the lion of the
twentieth century" a twenty-first-century (72) _____ . In the museum's new permanent collection,
multimedia (73) _____ trace Churchill's life, philosophy, and writing, concentrating heavily on
World War II and the "Sinews of Peace" speech; a "leadership corridor" compares him with other
British and American (74) _____ . The rededication (75)_____tonight with a talk by Churchill's
daughter and granddaughter and continues over the weekend with a community luncheon, black-tie
gala, and a keynote address by the TV news (76) _____ Chris Matthews. Another exhibit, (77)
_____to the Cold War itself, shows how true Churchill's predictions proved to be. Of course his (78)
_____was a long time coming. When he arrived in Richmond three days after his Westminster
speech to address the Virginia General Assembly, he (79) _____ the controversy he had created.
"You have not asked to see beforehand what I am going to say," he remarked to the legislators. "I
might easily (80) _____ a lot of things people know in their hearts are true but are a bit shy of
saying in public."
71. B- 72.C- 73.A- 74. D- 75.B- 76.DC 77.D- 78.A- 79.C- 80. B
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I NEVER THOUGHT it might include me. On the last Sunday of each April, some 500 men and
women run 10 kilometers around London’s Alexandra Palace in the Crouch End Fun Run. This year
485 entrants completed the race, and the race sheet reports that one W. Hutton took an hour and 12
minutes to run in 481st. Remarkably four (81)_______ finished the race more slowly. But I was
alive, (82) _____ my family’s foreboding – indeed prediction – of death (83) _____ heart attack.
As the runners jostled amiably together afterwards, now competing for a free doughnut and orange
juice and waiting for the various children’s events to begin, I got struck by the enthusiasm and the
sheer numbers of people who had turned up . If they themselves weren’t running, then they were
making sure their children (84) _____ . We were all, of course, part of the booming (85) _____ in
personal fitness. The market research organization Mintel reports that over two million people are
full (86) _____ of private health and personal fitness clubs – up by a third in just six years. The
Sports Council’s most recent survey shows 12 per cent of the population are now participating in
some form of (87)______fit or yoga. Regular walking, the most prosaic and cheapest of sports, is
enjoyed by nearly half of us – up by a quarter over the past 10 years. But this boom in individual
sporting is not matched by participation in team games. The numbers playing rugby, hockey, and
cricket are gently (88) _____,with football (89)______the only exception. There are over 100,000
football clubs in Britain: it remains by (90)_______Britain’s most popular team game, and there are
signs that women are beginning to join men in their interest – even so, its growth does not match
that of sports for individuals.
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Yumei watched in shock as soldiers charged at one (91)________ across a narrow strip of land.
Smoke hung (92)________ the battlefield. The teacher's voice came quietly over the intercom in her
observation unit. "In the First World War, many lives were lost due to the (93)________ the battle
was fought. A deadly dance was performed daily by men from both sides. They would take
(94)________ to charge towards the enemy trenches, across terrain (95)________ with mines, and
crawl under barbed wires. Those who survived would then face heavy enemy artillery. Under such
circumstances, it was not surprising that such charges were called 'suicide missions'. Yumei winced
as rusty bayonets were (96)______ to impale men who would then be (97) ______ to die painfully
from the loss of blood, gangrene or shock. She knew that the medical facilities were primitive. The
surgeons did not know about the need to disinfect the surgical room, nor the need to keep the wound
as clean as (98) ______. Most of the young men (99)______ of wounds that could easily have been
healed in just a few more decades. Yumei reached over and turned off the observation unit. Now she
understood (100)______ her country censored war.
91. another 92. over 93. way 94. turns 95. covered 96. used 97. left 98. possible 99. died
100. why
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Word forms 1
1. takeaway
2. windfall
3. climatology
4. dietician/ dietitian
5. diabetics
6. expatriates
7. progenitors
8. footwork
9. dissociate
10. foothold
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“FREEBIE" MARKETING
In the late 1890s, while travelling as a(n) (1)______ salesperson for the Crown, Cork and
Seal Company, King C. Gillette observed how his (2)______bottle caps were discarded
immediately after opening. Nevertheless, his company turned a(n) (3)______ profit and there was
immense business value, Gillette soon came to realise. In a product that was used only a few times,
Gillette had his own personal (4)______ while struggling with a straight-bladed razor - a slow,
fiddly and potentially dangerous instrument that required (5)______ on a regular basis. A simple,
(6)______ blade that could be thrown away when it dulled would meet a real need and generate
strong profits, he correctly reasoned. After founding the American Safety Razor Company in 1901,
his sales leapt from 168 blades in 1903 to 123,648 blades only a year later.
What King C. Gillette pioneered is far more than a convenient and (7)______ way for men to
shave, however, it is the business practice now known as “freebie marketing” that has inspired
many more companies over the years. Gillette's approach was contrary to the received (8)______ of
his era, which held that a single, durable, high-quality and relatively expensive consumer item with
a high profit margin was the best foundation for a business. Freebie marketing involves two sets of
items: a master product that is purchased once, and a consumable product that is frequently
disposed of and repurchased on a(n) (9)______ basis. In this instance, the master product is often
sold with little to no profit margin and is sometimes even dispensed at a loss. As the (10)______ are
purchased over months and years, however, this can yield a much greater overall profit.
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Part 2: For questions 6-10, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning
to the sentence, using the word given. You must use between three to eight words. Write
only the missing words on the separate answer sheet.
5. Sam’s impressive speech helped her achieve very good results for her promotion.(MIRACLES)
à Sam’s impressive speech helped her______________________________________
6. The secretary admires her manager so much that she doesn’t see his faults, so she does
everything he orders. (TUNE)
àThe secretary dances _________________________________________ pedestal.
7. When the year is coming, all members are excited. (FEVER)
à When the year is coming, _________________________________________
8. The singer was willing to sacrifice her happiness to become famous. (ALTAR)
à________________________________________________________________.
9. I think we should not make the discussion last longer because we need to reach a decision.
(DRAG)
à________________________________________________________________.
10. In the court, a lawyer made every effort to find mistakes in the witness’s statement. (HOLES)
à________________________________________________________________
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