1S 10987 : 1992, Indian Standard CODE OF PRACTICE FOR DESIGN, FABRICATION, TESTING AND INSTALLATION OF UNDER-GROUND/ABOVE-GROUND HORIZONTAL CYLINDRICAL STEEL STORAGE TANKS FOR PETROLEUM PRODUCTS (First Revision ) 1 SCOPE LA This code is intended to provide purchasers and manufacturers with guidelines in design, Fabrication, testing and installation of under- ground as’ well as above-ground horizontal cylindrical steel tanks with flat ends for storage oF petroleum products. 1.1.4 Provisions of this code may also be applied t0 design and construct tanks for storage of various chemicals having specific gravity Tess than one. In such cases, special considerations regarding lining and corrosion allowance shall be made while designing the tanks for intended suse. 1.1.2 Provisions of this code are applicable for storage of products under ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure conditions. 1.2 This standard is complementary to IS 800: 1984 and IS 816 : 1968. 1.2 Provisions regarding permissible stresses, design, fabrication and erection as included in 15 800: 1984 shall spply unless specified other- 1.2.2 For provisions regarding analysis for saddle support and associated local loads, reference shall be made to IS 2825: 1969. 1.8 Ihe above-ground storage tanks covered In this standard are not intended for mobile application. 1.4 Unless otherwise stated specifically, provi- sions, covered in this standard apply to both above-ground and underground tanks. 2 REFERENCES: ‘The Indian Standards Histed in Annee A ara necessary adjuncts to this standard. 3 STATUTORY PROVISIONS Compliance with this code does not absolve anyone from the responsibility of observing. any statutory provisions as may have been promulgated by. the statutory bodies, such as Department of Explosives, Nagpur. 4 DEFINITION AND SYMBOLS 4.1 Underground ‘Tank ‘Atank placed in earth, masonry or concrete pit and packed around with sand, earth or clay leaving no air space between the tank and the pit. No part of the tank is visible. 4.2 Welding Terms and Symbols 4.2.1 Welding Terms Shall be according to IS 812: 199/. 42.2 Symbols for Welding Used on Plans and Drawings Shall be in accordance with IS $13 : 1986. '§ NOTATIONS For the purpose of this standard, the following notations shall have the meaning indicated against each ( see Fig. 1), Steel saddle width B, = Width of wear plate of saddle support (BL 2 B+ 10ty) steel saddle breadth D = Shell outside diameter E = Spacing between saddle supports H = Height of the stiffener L = Overall length b = Widih of saddle supportI $9987 : 1992 vex conection ueimc ma ues; JPownecrion Fiuuine 5 LIFTING | WEAR PLATES: Re We FLanse, wd h i STIFFENER |g P 9H LL Ticome Sa ERT NT) son ap cgancer Td 4, = End plate thickness 1) = Shell plate thickness, Min ty = Wear plate thickness 6 GENERAL 6.1 The tank may be manufactured from suit able size plates covered in IS 1730 : 1989. 62 Table | covers recommended sizes, plate thickness for tanks of various nominal capac es up to 90 kl. The shell and end plate thick- nesses include a corrosion allowance of 1-5 mm. 63 General arrangements for above-ground and underground tanks ace shown in Fig. 1 and 2, respectively. 6.4 Enquiries or Order Form With a view to facilitating the manufacturing and supply of welded oil storage tanks, certain detailed information. is to be supplied to the ‘manulacturer. The information so required is, Tisted in Auuea Be 7 MATERIALS 7.0 General Unless agreed otherwise, the material for the construction of oil storage tanks shall conform to Indian Standards, where applicable. 7A Structural Steels Ad Steel plates and sections used in the tank construction shall conform to any one of the following specifications: Is 226: 1975, IS 961: 1975, IS 2002: 1982, TS 2041 ; 1983, 182062 : 1984’or 18 8500 : 1977. NOTE — The plate material specified in 74k may beused without impact testi for tak tells ad lis elnforcements for design metal temperature Up to=10C, 7A.2. The dimension of structural steel sections and. plates used in tank construction shall conform to IS 808 : 1989 and IS 1730 : 1989, respectively. 7.2 Cast Steel Mountings ‘The mountings shall be suitable for welding aod shall conform to Grade 3 of IS 1030 : 1982. <73 Electrodes The electrodes for metal are welding shall con- form to I$ 814 : 1991. 7.4 Piping Unless specified otherwise the pipe and pipe couplings shall conform to IS 1978 : 1982. Iso Spociied in the contract or order, couplings for threaded connostions may bs cupplied without Fecesses; when $0 supplied the coupling. in all other respects shall conform to TS 1978 : 1982. Pipes used for structural purposes shall conform {oS 1978 1982 oF IS 1979 1985 with respect to physical properties of the material. Pipes of heavy class conforming to 1S 1239 (Pact) : 1950" may be used. for nozzles on ‘ank aad astern piping, it 30 pected in the contact 75 Flanges Plate ring flanges shall be made from any of the plate material listed in 7.1.1. Requirements of slip on welding and welding neck Mlanges are covered in IS 6392 : 1971.uptiNe We ad DRA POI L 1S 10987 : 1992 00mm Fic. 2. Typicat ARRANGEMENT oF UNDER-GrounD HORIZONTAL TANK 76 Bolts and Nuts Bolts shall conform to property class 4.6 or 4.8 and other requirements epecified in 18 1367 (Part 3): 1979. Nuts shall conform to pro- perty class 4 of 1S 1367 ( Part 6) : 1980. 7:7 Other materials used in association steel work shall, where appropriate In Standard specifications for materials exist, conform to such specifications. 8 PERMISSIBLE STRESSES 8.1 Maximum permissible stresses in shell and other structural members shall not exceed Valucs stipulated in 8.1.1, 82 and 8. 8.141 In the design of tank shells, the maximum ermissible tensife stress before applying the factor of joint efficiency of 0+7 shall not exceed 165 MPa in case of etesls conforming to 18 226 1 1975 and IS 2062 :1984. Por other steels this. shall be taken as 0-70 of the minimum Yield stress or O-t of the minimum tensile stress Specified, whichever is Tess. 8.1.2 The permissible stresses in compression, buckling, ‘shear, bearing, eto (not covered In Bt}, ‘shall nov exceed those specified in 18 800 : 1984. For this purpose steel conforming to 18.2002 : 1982 and “IS 2041 : 1982 shall he Weated as equivalent to 18 226: 1975 or IS 2062 : 1984 whereas Type 2 steel conforming to Is 2081 ; 1952 shall be treated as equivalent to 18 961 : 1975. 8.1.3 ‘The stresses specified in 8.11 and 8.1.2 are applicable for design temperatures of - 10°C. to 200°C. 8.2 The permissible stresses for welds and Ided connections shall conform to the values given IS 816 : 1969, 9 DESIGN 9.1 Tanks manufactured to provisions of this code, shall be designed for a pressure of 0-05 MPa when full of water. ‘Thicknesses chosen shall not be less than the thicknesses given in Table T 9.2 Tanks to be installed underground shall also be designed for external earth pressure acting on the tank when it is empty. 9.3 Corrosion Allowance Minimum corrosion allowance of 1-5 mm shall be considerd in design of tanks. To safeguard against corrosion caused by the cnviroament and the product stored 1.1.1 and 10 should be followed. 9.4 Design Temperature ‘The design temperature shall be the lowest one day mean temperature where the tank is to be installed, as available from relevant 13 vodes, metreological department or local authorities. 9.5 Foundation 9.5.1 Tanks shall be built on good foundations. ‘Above-ground tanks shall be provided with steel wear plates for installing them on con- erete pedestals or steel cradles as. specified by the purchaser. 9.8.2 Typical arrangement for above-ground tank is given in Fig. 1. Concrete pedestals shall be designed’ ro support tne tank duit with water 9.5.3 As tank diameter or shell thickness ratio increases, the shell shall be analysed for buck- Jing resistance to reaction loads at the concrete pedestals and associated local loads as per 1S 2825 : 1969.16 10987 + 1992 Table 1 Dimensions and Capacities of Horizontal Underground and Above-Ground Storage ‘ania With Fat Ends (Clauses 62,91, 134 a6 143) Se FE Ss |e oe oe & Sie Gear tel pate Fog ae “Co % De saps i SSIS PLS HS, lan sie Ls Gitar sin SP Soe Soa Boiss obea a @ @) = o = = = 9) = ay (12) ‘ 5 16) 2750 2H co 505860. Sixes ISS 0) 18m 40 380 SoS] fo to Sas an tw 58 Se ee re ee dso S00 45m 50.60.6000 SOesOel 32S 20 6m 430 fog 80. toa foocionio a 288 5 doo Gis Seo Go $0100. toorioncio. 30 2D 2 2 Tim go fo $0 $0. too twxiooxio 50 3y0 38 & iho 430 Tm fo Go to 100 temtma ap a0 72 ite Sim me fo gu uo tmrioocio ao tam 5 319 oom to 0G aha looeioncto SO 3M @ i tow 350 $0 fo foo loontin aan am 13, % 2i0 how ime Se Go $0. too toocimeto 0 tat 31) Woseo sam O60. Ho. Tho. Matai 0 BDH ores 1 The thickness specifed above ae the minimum zequzement only (includ internal and external corosion allowance ), pertaining to yield value of steel as 250 MPa, : 2 The actual thickwess required shall be checked ta 4nd external loading 3 End plates in col 8 of the flat ends shall be provid 4 End plates of the Mat ends sha Il preferably be wid {wo or'more plates, the weld joint shall be made. horizontal the Bottom. sking into the consideration soil pressure, fluid pressure led with stifacrs given in col 9 and agreed as per Fig. 3E. thout joints. Where the end plate is made by welding of Full width of ‘plate s ) should bs utilized at 19 CORROSION PROTECTION Tanks to be installed underground shall be suitably protected against corrosion caused by the soil strata and/or sub-soil water. The purchaser shall specify type of such protection that he considers desirable. Suggested good practices for asphalt doping are given in Annex C. 11 TANK ANCHORAGE {11 Tank to be installed underground shall be anchored to resist the buoyancy force induced by high water tables that may occur seasonally. The anchorage could be either provided by means of stee! flat of round bars having ade- quate cross section to resist the uplift at a stress level of 140 MPa maximum, 41.2 The anchors should be embedded in RCC draft having necessary dead weight, bonding fand shear strength to resist the uplift force 12 APPURTENANCES AND MOUNTINGS 12.1 General 12.4.1 Appurtenances of mountings installed ‘on tanks shall conform to this code. Alternative designs of appurtenances which provide equiva- lent strength, tightness and utility are permis le, if so agreed to by the purchaser. 12.1.2 Manhole necks, nozzle necks, reinforcing plates and shell-plate openings which have either shewed or oxygen-cut surfaces, shall have such surface made uniform and smooth, with the corners rounded, except where such surfaces are fully covered by attachment welds.12.13 The opening in tank larger than 68 mm in diameter shall be reinforced. The minimum thickness of the reinforcing pad shall be the same as the shell thickness and diameter shall be tice the diameter of the hole cut subject to maximum diameter of the opening plus 200 mn. 12.2 Manhole 12.24 Each tank shall have a minimum of one manhole of not less than 500 mm. size (diameter ). 12.2.2 The manhole cover may be hinged with single or multiple bolt fixing, as required by the purchaser, 12.3 Nozzles The nozzle sizes shall be. selected to meet individual operating conditions of filling and emptying rates 12.4 Lifting Lugs ‘The lifting lugs. shall be provided in the tank at appropriate position to lift the cmpty tanks only,” ‘Typical details of lugs and positions are shown in Fig. 1 to 3. ILS Accessories ‘The tank shall be provided with a fill connec- tion, a draw-off connection, a dip-connection a yent connection and a drain connection. 12.8.1 Fill Connection ‘When the tank is flied trom the top, an internal fill pipe running down to within 100 mm of the tank bottom shall be provided to avoid splash- ing of product and generation of static clectricity. End of the fill pipe shall be chamfered at 45°. 12.5.2 Dip Connection The dip connection shall be provided with a galvanized ircn, aluminium or brass screwed over and be fitied with an internal perforated pipe running down to within 100 mm of the tank bottom. Appropriate perforation’ shall be provided for various products. Alternatively, In case of above-ground tank a float arrange: ment for continuous gauging of liquid level inside the tank may be used. 12.521 The calibrated dip rod shall be of non- sparking material (12mm square brass rod is, recommended ), Is 10987 : 1992 12.5.3 Vent Connection The vent pipe shall be securely supported and shall not he less than dm in height and at 4m distance from any adjoining land or property or any other source of fire. Vent pipe of any lank shail not be interconnected with that of another. The open end of every vent pipe shall be covered with two layers af nansentrodible metal wire gauge having not less than 11 meshes per linear centimetre and shall be further proweeted fom rain by a hwod or by. sulably. bending it downward. 12.8.4 Earthing Connection ‘The horizontal storags tank, whether above- Bround or underground, shall invariably be provided with earthing’ connection to elimi- hate the possibility of accumulation of static charge on the surface of the tank either due to atmospheric electricity or due to flow of product into the tank. For this purpose, two carthing bosses uf appro priate sizes" shail be welded to the saddle Support in ease of above-ground tanks and to the end plate in case of underground tanks, Guidelines for making earthing connection for tanks are also given in Annex D. 13 FABRICATION AND SHOP PAINTING 13.1 The workmanship and finish shall be first class in every respect subject to closest inspec- tion by the manufacturer's inspector, whether or not the purchaser, waives any part of the inspection. 13.1.1 The tanks shall be fabricated by welding. Welding yuocedure in general and the -qualtfte cation “of welders shall be as specified in 1S 9595 : 1980 and IS 817 : 1966. 13.2 The cylindrical shell shall be of full penetration double butt-welded construction. The end plates and penetration shall be attached to the cylindrical shell by means of double fillet welds 13.3 Shell Plate Arrangement 13.3.4 When the shell length is produced ftom more than one single plate the longitudinal seams shall break joint at intermediate circum. Fetential seams. Icls cecommended wat whenver possible a longitudinal seam should be situated ‘nthe upper third of a tank or on the top cenire line. 13.4 The ond plates shall be adequately stiffened. The recommended size of angle stiffeners asIS 10987 : 1992 given in Table | shall be arranged as per Fig. 3 C. 13.5 Typical weld joint details are shown in Fig. 3. 13.6 Shop Painting All the external surfaces of the tank shall be ‘thoroughly cleaned and freed fram must and scale and painted with one coat of an approved primer paint. All the interior surfaces of the tank shail be cleaned to remove ail rust and foreign matters like grease, dirt, ete, before despatch. 14 TOLERANCES 14.1 Tolerance on Shell Diameter The tolerance on diameter at any point on the Iength of the tank shell shall be within 4. 0:35 pereent of the specified diameter ( Max ) when calculated from an external circumferential ‘measurement. 14.2 Tolerance on Cireularity The tolerance on eirenlarity at any point on the length of the shell that is the difference between maximum and minimum internal shell diameter, shall not exceed ‘one percent of the nominal internal diameter. “ACW 14.3 Tolerance on Overall Length ‘The overall length of the tank shall not differ by more than 0°5 percent of the overall length, given in Table 1 15 INSPECTION AND TESTING 151 Examination of welds shall be done by visual means. However, non-destructive testing Such as spot radiography may be carried out at the option of the purchaser. 4152 All gauges and templates necessary for inspection, to the satisfaction of the inspector shall be supplied by the manufacturer. 15.3 All tanks shall be subjected to hydraulic ‘est at a pressure of 0-05 MPa and checked for leaks. 16 CALIBRATION 16.1 ‘Tanks may be calibrated mathematically unless otherwise specified by the purchaser. Where physical calibrations are specified by the purchaser, tanks shall be calibrated in accor- dance with IS 2009: 1975 using a certified water. Calibration tables shall show volume of product for every 0-5 cm of filling height of the 162 Calibration may be certified. by an independent authority, if so required by the purchaser. RS }— SHELL one tg25 86mm (8mm OPTIONAL) @ yiy IA / Rei LOWS te bike i D6 Ns SHELL 2mm of Jam AWA Fic. 3 Typicat Wetp Joust Deraus — ( continued )Is 10987 : 1992 Al ‘continuous: FILLET WELD- GoNTNUoUS Pituer weto, SEALING, weld = (a Cb 2C TYPICAL JOINT FOR MANHOLE AND NozZLE NECK TO SHELL UE ING LUG 12mm OLE 40mm THICK ae “ cuter” oo Mit Brouno CONTINUOUS FRLET WELD 30 WELD JOINT FOR FLAT ENDS AND LIFTING LVG. HORIZONTAL PLANE te = SECTION YY SECTION XX 3E STIFFENING DETALS OF END PLATE Fig. 3. Typican Watp Joint DstausIS 10987 : 1992 IS No. 226 : 1975 800 : 1984 808 : 1989 812: 1957 812: 1986 814: 1991 816: 1969 817 : 1966 961 : 1975 1030 : 1982 1239 (Part 1): 1990 1367 (Part 3) : 1979 ANNEX A ( Clause 2) LIST OF REFERRED INDIAN STANDARDS Title Structural steel (standard qua- lity ) (ffi revision ) Code of practice for general construction in steel (second revision ) Dimensions for hot rolled steel beam, column channel and angle certions (rovited ) Glossary of terms relating to welding and cutting of metals Scheme of symbols for welding Covered electrodes for manual metal are welling of carbon nd. carbon’ manganese steel Cth revision Code of practice for we of metal are Welding for general construction in mild steel (first reilsion) Code of practice for training and testing of metal arc welders (revised ) Structural steel (high tensile ) (second revision ) Carbon steel castings for general engineering. purposes Csecond revision) Mild steel tubes, tubulars_and other wrought’ steel fittings: Part 1 Mild steel tubes (th revision ) Technical supply conditions for threaded steel fastners: Part 3 Mechanical properties and test methods for bolts, screws and IS No. 1367 (Part 6): 1980 1730: 78 1979: 1989 1982 1985 2002 : 1982. 2009 : 2041 : 2062 : 2825 6392: 8500: 9595: 1975 1982 1984 1969 i971 1977 1980 Title studs with full loadability (second revision ) Technical supply conditions for threaded steel fastners: Part 6 Mechanical properties and test methods for nuts with specified proof loads ( second revision Dimensions for steel plate, sheet, strip and flats for general engineering purposes. (second revision ) Line pipe ( secon revision ) High test Hine pine (frst revision ) ae ‘Steel plates for pressure vessels for intermediate and high tem- perature services including boilers ( first revision ) Method for calibration of horizontal and tilted oil storage tanks ( first revision ) Steel plates for pressure vessels used at moderate and low temperature (Jirst revision ) Weldable structural steel (third revision ) ode, for untred pressure Steel pipe flanges Weldable structural steel (medium and high strength ‘qualities ) Recommendations for metal are welding for eaibut ail carbon manganese steelsIS 10987 : 1992 ANNEX B (Clause 6.4 ) INFORMATION TO BE FURNISHED BY THE PURCHASER RA The following information shall be supplied bby the purchaser in his enquiry: a) Location of tank; b) Nominal capacity of cink; ©) Tank diameter and/or length restrictions; 4) Internal tank pressure and/or vacuum; ) Rate of filling and emptying tank; £) Product to be stored and its design and specific gravity; ) Minimum ambient temperature where tank is located or design metal tempera- ture; hy Corrosion allowance for shell, end plates and other parts both — internal and external; J) Maximum wind speeds; 4 Earthquake factor: m) Any additional loads to be considered for tank design; 1) Type of foundation and bearing capacity of the soil; p) List of mountings required and their Tocation on the tanks 4) Type of construction, lap or butt-welded; 1) Extent of painting required and surface preparation; and ) Scope of supply of tank manufactured. ANNEX C ( Clause 10.1) ASPHALT DOPING CA ASPHALT DOPING Asphalt doping should be adopted to provide satisfactory protection to steel against soil auack. €-1,2 Doping of tank should not be taken in hhand until the tank fs finally tested inside the pit and all water emptied out. However, on the Portion of the outside surface of tank which Gome in contact with cement concrete or foundation, doping can be carried out (as, the laid down procedure/specitcations ) betore testing, excluding the welding joints portions ‘which shall be completed after testing. C-1.3 Recommended practices for carrying out ayplialt doping are as follows: a) Surface Preparation—The outside surface » ore cank tu, Buckles anchor boi burried portion of manholes, nozzles, aides, Pete, should be thoroughly cleaned by scraping with wire brushes, and sand papers to bare metal. All mill Scales dirt should be completely removed before starting the doping work. b) Primer Coat — The surface thus prepared should be treated with two coats of “Tankmastic’ or equivalent primer. Each coat is applied uniformly after the previous is completely dried. The approxi- ‘mate coating capacity of “Tankmastic’ or equivalent is about 11 to 13 m:/1 coat. ©) Doping — After the application of primer coals, two coats of hot 30/40 Grade bitumen shall be applied as per manufac- turer's recommendations, resulting in an overall coating thickness of 3:2 mm. ‘The 30/40 Grade bitumen shall be heated to the requiced temperature as recom- mended by the manufacturer for easy and uniform apptication of bitumen. The application of bitumen shall be done in such a way as to give the appearance of a rough cast plaster and this can be obtained by dubbing only and not painting.1S 10987 + 1992 ANNEX D ( Clause 12.54) EARTHING CONNECTION D-1 GUIDELINES FOR MAKING EARTHING CONNECTIONS, D-l.1 Every tank shall be electrically connected with the earth in an efficient manner by not less than Z separate and distinct connections placed at the opposite extremities of such tank. The vonuectivus and contacts shall have as few joints as possible. All joints shall be riveted, welded or baited and also soldered to ensure both mechanical and electrical soundness. The resistance to earth shall not exceed 70 and the Fesistance to eartn plate or to any part of fitting shall not exceed 20.Standard Mark The ase ofthe Srandard Mark is governed bythe provisions of he Aurea 9 tna | Standards Act, 1986 and the Rules and Regulations made thereuncer. The Standard Mark | Su proces covered by an Indian Standard conveys the astrance shat they have Bee | prouced to comply withthe requirements of that standard. under a well defined system Erinpection, testing and quality control which is devised and supervised by BIS and_| operated by the producer. "Stancard marked products are ako continuously checked by BIS for conformity to that standard asa further safeguard. Details of conditions under Gibich a licenea fer thease of the, Standard. Mark taag be granted’ to wacufactarers sr producers may be obtained fromthe bureau of Indian Standards. |Bureau of intian Stagdara BIS is a statutorf institution established under the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986 to promote harmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality Certification of goods and attending to connected matters in the country. Copyright BIS has the copyright of all its public No part of these publications may be reproduced in any form without the prior permission in writing of BIS. This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the standard, of necessary details, such as symbols and sizes, type or grade designations. Bnguirles. relating tw. copyright be’ addressed w the Ditectur (Publications ), BIS. Revision of Indian Standards Indian Standards are reviewed periodically and revised, when necessary and amendments, if any, are issued from time to time. Users of Indian Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition. Comments on this Indian Standard) may br sent to BIS giving the following reference: Doe : No. CED 1( 4728 ) Amendments Iseued Since Poblication ‘Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS. 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