MIET2500 Engineering Mechanics

Lab 1

Lecturer : Tran Quang Minh

Student : Pham Tan Thang – s3635005

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Introduction
This lab will have 2 sections which are Shear force and Bending moment. For section 1 we will
measure the shear force and section 2 we will measure the bending moment. After that, we must
compare how is different between Shear Force and Bending moment. In this exercise we use
Equilibrium Law and Internal force and Moment and Reaction Force formula to calculate shear force and
bending moment.

Section 1
Step 1
1. Draw FBD

2. Calculate the theoretical shear force at the cut

∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 0

∑ 𝑀𝐴 = −0.981 𝑥 0.1 + 𝐵𝑦 𝑥 0.44 = 0 => 𝐵𝑦 = 0.22 𝑁

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 𝐴𝑦 + 𝐵𝑦 − 𝐿𝑜𝑎𝑑 = 0 => 𝐴𝑦 = 0.75 𝑁

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = −𝑉 + 𝐵𝑦 = 0 => 𝑉 = 𝐵𝑦 = 0.22 𝑁

Mass (g) Load (N) Experimental Theoretical force

force (N) (N)
100 0.98 0.1 0.22

2
 200 1.96 0.2 0.45
300 2.94 0.3 0.67
400 3.92 0.4 0.89

3. Describe the structure performance and error sources

The structure performance between Experimental Force and Theoretical Force is different. In both
forces, it will increase larger when the load also increases. As we can see from the graph, when we
increase the load on the beam, also the Shear Force will increase. Hence, the Share Force is positive to
the load applied on the beam. There are some errors to effective the result between the experimental
and theoretical values. Firstly, the sensor is sensitive when we try to put the load in or out the beam
which may cause the change of the values. Moreover, the load hanging is swinging, the sensor will
record the result when the load hanging is swinging. Lastly, the mass of the load is light, so it may cause
some effect from the sensor.

4. Sketch the shear force vs applied force for both experimental and
theoretical result

As we can observe that the theoretical line, it maintains the increasing of the shear force this is because
the shear force is proportional with the changes of the applied force. The experimental force result is
different to the theoretical force because the mass of the load is light as a result it may cause some
problem act on the sensor.

Step 2
1. Draw FBD

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 2. Calculate the theoretical shear force at the cut

∑ 𝑀𝐵 = 2.94 𝑥 (0.2 + 0.44) − 𝐴𝑦 𝑥 0.44 + 4.41 𝑥 (0.44 − 0.1) = 0 => 𝐴𝑦 = 7.68 𝑁

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = −4.41 − 2.94 + 7.68 − 𝑉 = 0 => 𝑉 = 0.33

Run M1, g M2, g F1, N F2, N A1, cm A2, cm Force, N Theoretical Force, N
450 300 4.41 2.94 10 20 1.5 0.33
1
450 300 4.41 2.94 10 22 1.6 0.46
2
450 300 4.41 2.94 10 24 1.7 0.6
3
450 300 4.41 2.94 10 26 1.9 0.74
4

3. Describe the structure performance and error sources

As we can see the table above, it still has a difference between Experimental and theoretical Force. In
this experiment, we keep the value of M1, M2, and A1, we just only change the value of A2. As a result,
when we increase the distance of Load 2, the force also increases.

There are some errors to effective the result between the experimental and theoretical values. Firstly,
the sensor is sensitive when we try to put the load in or out the beam which may cause the change of
the values. Moreover, the load hanging is swinging, the sensor will record the result when the load
hanging is swinging. Lastly, the mass of the load is light, so it may cause some effect from the sensor.

4. Sketch the shear force vs applied force for both experimental and
theoretical result

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We can understand that a shearing force occurs when a perpendicular force is applied to static material
(on the beam). The force is changed at a point on the beam will act on the shear force at the point of
load.

Section 2
Step 1
1. Calculate the theoretical bending moment at the cut position. Provide
bending moment diagram

∑ 𝑀𝐵 = −𝐴𝑦 𝑥 0.44 + 0.49 𝑥 (0.44 − 0.18) = 0 => 𝐴𝑦 = 0.29 𝑁

∑ 𝑀 = −𝐴𝑦 𝑥 0.3 + 0.49 𝑥 (0.3 − 0.18 ) + 𝑀𝑐𝑢𝑡 = 0 => 𝑀𝑐𝑢𝑡 = 0.0282

Mass Load Displayed Experimental bending moment (N.m)= Theoretical bending

(g) (N) force (N) Displayed force (N)×0.125 (m) moment (N.m)
50 0.49 0.1 0.0125 0.0282

100 0.98 0.3 0.0375 0.0564

150 1.47 0.4 0.05 0.0846

200 1.96 0.5 0.0625 0.1128

250 2.45 0.6 0.075 0.138

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 300 2.94 0.7 0.0875 0.1662

350 3.43 0.9 0.1125 0.1944

400 3.92 1.0 0.125 0.2226

450 4.42 1.1 0.1375 Ay = 2.61, 0.2526

2. Describe the structure performance and error sources

From the table above, we can see that there is a small difference between Experimental and Theoretical
Force because the measurement of bending moment is more accurate.

There are some errors to effective the result between the experimental and theoretical values. Firstly,
the sensor is sensitive when we try to put the load in or out the beam which may cause the change of
the values. Moreover, the load hanging is swinging, the sensor will record the result when the load
hanging is swinging. Lastly, the mass of the load is light, so it may cause some effect from the sensor.

3. Sketch the bending moment versus applied load for both experimental
and theoretical result

Step 2
1. Calculate the theoretical bending moment at the cut position.

∑ 𝑀𝐵 = 1.962 𝑥 (0.38 + 0.44) − 𝐴𝑦 𝑥 0.44 + 1.962 𝑥 (0.44 − 0.18) = 0 => 𝐴𝑦 = 4.81 𝑁

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 ∑ 𝑀 = 1.962 𝑥 (0.38 + 0.3 ) − 𝐴𝑦 𝑥 0.3 + 1.962 𝑥 (0.3 − 0.18) + 𝑀𝑐𝑢𝑡 = 0 => 𝑀𝑐𝑢𝑡 = −0.1266

2. Provide FBD and Bending Moment Diagrams for each loading scenarios

3. Compare bending moment value, obtained from theoretical, experimental

and graphical methods
Experimental bending
moment (N.m)= Theoretical
W1 Displayed Displayed force bending
Configuration (N) W2 (N) A1(cm) A2(cm) force (N) (N)×0.125 (m) moment (N.m)
1 1.962 1.962 18 38 1.6 0.2 0.1266

2 1.962 1.962 16 36 1.7 0.2125 0.1236

3 1.962 1.962 14 34 1.8 0.225 0.1236

4 1.962 1.962 12 32 1.9 0.2375 0.1236

In this step, we just only change the A1 , A2 and the comparison between Experiment and Theoretical is
quite the same.

Conclusion
This lab will help students fully understanding the relationship between shear force and bending
moment. The shear force expresses the rate of change of Load and bending moment expressed the rate
of change of shear force.