AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM USING VEHICLE

SUSPENSION

Abstract

Now a day we have required fuel efficient car. But the engine of the cars is not efficient when
the load on car is high. For this purpose we have reduce the load on engine that is to run the
AC and Compressor. Instead of engine power we are used the suspension system for producing
compressed air and AC effect Vice- Versa. Current air-conditioning systems can reduce the
fuel economy of high fuel economy vehicles. And also in previous days there is wastage of
energy in suspension system that is linear motion of suspension system, which is also use for
compress the air by using piston-cylinder arrangement. By using this compress air we can run
AC system in the car and save fuel economy.
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

In automobile the suspension system is essential to absorb shocks, vibration and bumps etc.
Vehicle is run on different type road conditions such as even, uneven, rough etc. The
automobile frame and body are mounted on front and rear axle through springs and shock
absorbers. This is essential to damp out road shocks transmitted to the frame by the wheels
when they roll over uneven road. This creates discomfort to the passengers and produces
stresses in the frame and other parts of the automobile. The passenger experiences the jolts by
the forward movement of the vehicle and jerks due to uneven road conditions. Even under good
road condition the passenger are also subjected to bounce and roll when cornering and pitch
when the front wheels are suddenly lifted or dropped in relation to rear wheels that means
suspension system work continuously. Due to varying conditions of heating, ventilating,
cooling and dehumidification in the atmosphere at various places, the air conditioning of
automobiles is very essential. To maintain human comfort and improve internal atmosphere in
an enclosed space, proper control of freshness, temperature, humidity and cleanliness of the air
is required. So, in this project we are using renewable energy of suspension system to produce
air conditioning effect in automobile.

The function of vehicle suspension system is to support the weight of the vehicle body, to
isolate the vehicle chassis form road disturbances, to enable the wheels to hold the road surface.
Two main elements in suspension systems are spring and damper. The damper is designed to
dissipate vibration energy into the heat to attenuate the vibration which is transmitted from
road excitation. However, the dissipated heat is from fuel or electrical power. In hybrid vehicle
recapture some of the energy usually lost in braking system but the dissipation of vibration
energy by shock absorbers in the vehicle suspension remains untapped. In the past, we pay
little attention to energy loss of vehicle suspension. However, how much energy dissipated by
the shock absorber of vehicle suspension? According to reference, only 10-20% the fuel energy
is used for vehicle mobility. The linear motion of suspension system is also use for compress
the air by using piston cylinder arrangement. By using this compress air we can run A.C. system
in the car and save fuel. “Energy in motion when it is suddenly applied with a sort of obstacle
means according to Newton’s law for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Utilisation of this reaction is the basic reason behind the selection of this project work. ” In the
past around 4000 years from now, people in India and Egypt are known porous pots outside
the home during the night period. The evaporation of water in almost cool dry air and
radioactive heat to produce ice by keeping water in the transfer between the water and the deep
sky that is at a very low temperature (much below the freezing point of ice) caused the
formation of ice even though the surrounding air was at a higher temperature than the freezing
point of water. There are a few accounts in China about the use of ice around 1000 BC for
cooling the beverages. In 4th century A.D., East Indians were producing ice by dissolving salt
in water. For specific applications, efficiencies of both living and nonliving beings depend to
a great extent on the physical environment. The nature keeps conditions in the physical
environment in the dynamic state ranging from one extreme to the other. Temperature,
humidity, pressure and air motion are some of the important environment variables that at any
location keep changing throughout the year. Adaptation to these many a times unpredictable
variations are not possible and thus working efficiently is not feasible either for the living
beings or the non-living ones. Thus for any specific purpose, control of the environment is
essential. Refrigeration and air conditioning is the subject which deals with the techniques to
control the environments of the living and non-living subjects and thus provide them comforts
to enable them to perform better and have longer lives.
 CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

2.1AnirudhAddalaet.al. Examines the performance of a car which takes air as the working
medium. Air car is a car currently being developed which is still in the R&D stage all over the
world. Review on the availability and the impact of the fossil fuels in the present and future
generations led us to design a vehicle which runs by renewable energy sources. The laws of
physics dictate that uncontained gases will fill any given space. The easiest way to see this in
action is to inflate a balloon. The elastic skin of the balloon holds the air tightly inside, but the
moment you use a pin to create a hole in the balloon's surface, the air expands outward with so
much energy that the balloon explodes. Compressing a gas into a small space is a way to store
energy. When the gas expands again, that energy is released to do work. That's the basic
principle behind what makes an air car move. This air car will almost certainly use Compressed
Air Motor (CAM)/ Pneumatic wrench. Air car propelled with this engine will have tanks that
will probably hold compressed air to about 11.03 bar pressure. Its accelerator operates a valve
on its tank that allows air to be released into the hoses and then into the motor, where the
pressure of the air's expansion will push against the vanes and turn the rotor. This will produce
enough power for speeds of about 15-20 kilometre per hour.

2.2 .A.Kesteet. al. Describes the working of a vehicle which works on pneumatic power. In
this system a double acting pneumatic cylinder is operated as a slider crank mechanism which
converts the linear reciprocation of the cylinder piston rod into oscillatory motion of the driver
crank about powered vehicle requires very less time for refuelling as compared to battery
operated vehicle. This is totally clean, light weight circuit, can work in hazardous environment
and requires less maintenance.

2.3 S. S. Verma S.L.I.E.T., Longowalet. Al Introduce to the latest developments of a

compressed-air vehicle along with an introduction to various problems associated with the
technology and their solution. While developing of compressed air vehicle, control of
compressed air parameters like temperature, energy density, requirement of input power,
energy release and emission control have to be mastered for the development of a safe, light
and cost effective compressed air vehicle in near future. Compressed air as a source of energy
in different uses in general and as a non-polluting fuel in compressed air vehicles has attracted
scientists and engineers for centuries. Efforts are being made by many developers and
manufacturers to master the compressed air vehicle technology in all respects for its earliest
use by the mankind. . Electric-powered cars and bikes already available on the market put a
strong competition to compressed air car not only in terms of cost but also their environment
friendly role.

2.4 Dr. S. Thipse et.al. Describes the development of compressed air engine. MDI is one
company that holds the international patents for the compressed air engine. Although it seems
to be an environmentally-friendly solution, one must consider its well to wheel efficiency. The
electricity requirement for compressing air has to be considered while computing overall
efficiency. Nevertheless, the compressed air vehicle will contribute to reducing urban air
pollution in the long run. The technology of compressed air vehicles is not new. In fact, it has
been around for years. Compressed air technology allows for engines that are both non-
polluting and economical.

2.5 B. R. Singh et. Studied about alternative fuel for automobile engines with a special
emphasis on compressed air driven engine. A proposal has been put forward for developing
automobile running on compressed air engine. In view of the enormous potential of air as
working fluid an engine is being designed to run on compressed air. Compressed air motor will
be run using compressed air contained in a portable cylinder mounted on the motorbike. If test
run is successful then it is going to be best alternate to the fossil fuel driven engine. States the
effective application of pneumatic power. Pneumatic vehicle will replace the battery operated
vehicles used in industries. Pneumatic powered vehicle requires very less time for refuelling as
compared to battery operated vehicle. On the whole, the technology is just about modifying the
engine of any regular IC engine vehicle into an Air the pinion shaft. Compressed air technology
allows engines that are both non-polluting and economical. This paper explores the effective
application of pneumatic power. Pneumatic Powered Engine. The Air Powered Engine
technology is cheaper in cost and maintenance, can be easily adapted by the masses and it
doesn’t cause any kind of harm to the environment. Instead, it’s wide spread use will help
mankind in controlling the serious problem of global warming. At the end we conclude that the
compressed air technology can be tested and developed using the Vane Type Novel Air Turbine
as there are minimal losses and practically their efficiency varies from 72-97% which is very
high when compared to a conventional IC engine. Future developments can be made by
designing an ideal vehicle for this kind of engine.

2.6SaurabhPathak, KonthamSwethaet.al. States the effective application of pneumatic

power. Pneumatic vehicle will replace the battery operated vehicles used in industries.
Pneumatic powered vehicle requires very less time for refuelling as compared to battery
operated vehicle. On the whole, the technology is just about modifying the engine of any
regular IC engine vehicle into an Air Powered Engine. The Air Powered Engine technology is
cheaper in cost and maintenance, can be easily adapted by the masses and it doesn’t cause any
kind of harm to the environment. Instead, it’s wide spread use will help mankind in controlling
the serious problem of global warming. At the end we conclude that the compressed air
technology can be tested and developed using the Vane Type compressed air produced by a
compressor has been suggested as an environmental friendly vehicle of the future. Analysis the
thermodynamic efficiency of a compressed-air car powered by a pneumatic engine and
considers the merits of compressed air versus chemical storage of potential energy. Even under
highly optimistic assumptions the compressed-air car is significantly less efficient than a
battery electric vehicle and produces more greenhouse gas emissions than a conventional gas-
powered car with a coal intensive power mix. However, a pneumatic-combustion hybrid is
technologically feasible, inexpensive and could eventually compete with hybrid electric
vehicles. Combined with the other types of alternate fuels in the next few years, it is possible
that we could primarily be free of our reliance on the internal combustion engine. Novel Air
Turbine as there are minimal losses and practically their efficiency varies from 72-97% which
is very high when compared to a conventional IC engine. Future developments can be made by
designing an ideal vehicle for this kind of engine.

2.7 S.S.Vermaet.al Briefly summarize the principle of technology, latest developments,

advantages and problems in using compressed air as a source of energy to run vehicles.
Compressed air for vehicle propulsion is already being explored and now air powered vehicles
are being developed as a more fuelefficient means of transportation. Some automobile
companies are further exploring compressed air hybrids and compressed fluids to store energy
for vehicles which might point the way for the development of a cost effective air powered
vehicles design. Unfortunately there are still serious problems to be sorted out before air
powered vehicles become a reality for common use but there is a hope that with the
development in science & technology well supported by the environmental conscious attitude
and need to replace costly transportation methods, air-powered vehicles will definitely see the
light of the day.

2.8 D. Ravi et.al. Analyzed the Climate change and energy security requires a reduction in
travel demand, a model shift and technological innovation in the transport sector. Through a
series of press releases and demonstrations, a car using energy stored in compressed air produced
by a compressor has been suggested as an environmental friendly vehicle of the future.
Analysis the thermodynamic efficiency of a compressed-air car powered by a pneumatic engine
and considers the merits of compressed air versus chemical storage of potential energy. Even
under highly optimistic assumptions the compressed-air car is significantly less efficient than
a battery electric vehicle and produces more greenhouse gas emissions than a conventional gas-
powered car with a coal intensive power mix. However, a pneumatic-combustion hybrid is
technologically feasible, inexpensive and could eventually compete with hybrid electric
vehicles. Combined with the other types of alternate fuels in the next few years, it is possible
that we could primarily be free of our reliance on the internal combustion engine.
 CHAPTER 3

OBJECTIVE

1) To eliminate the compressor which is main work absorber

2) To increase the efficiency of vehicle.

3) To use the suspension energy into compressed air, which can be useful various purposes.

4) To control the pollution.

5) To deceases the global warming effect which generally increases due to conventional air
conditioning system.
 CHAPTER 4

CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING

The complete diagram of vehicle suspension AC system is shown in fig. When vehicle is run
on bumpy road or uneven road then suspension spring move continuously up and down. The
pneumatic cylinder is installed below this spring arrangement. This pushing power is supplied
to pneumatic piston and cylinder arrangement which compresses the air. This compressed air
is supplied to air tank through non return valve. By the placement of non return valve stops the
back flow of pressurized air into cylinder again. That high pressurized compressed air is stored
in air tank. When we want to turn on A.C. system the pressurized compressed air is supplied
to parallel flow heat exchanger through pvc pipe by using knob. Storage tank is mounted at the
top of the heat exchanger. In storage tank the water is used as refrigerant. This refrigerant is
supplied to heat exchanger. Low temperature coolant pass through the heat exchanger & also
high pressurized air pass through it

Figure no.1 Vehicle suspension AC system

1) Pneumatic Actuator -Pneumatic actuator is generally used for compressing an air. The air is
sucked from atmosphere. The actuating force in this system comes from vehicle suspension
system.

2) Pressure vessel-The compressed air from actuators passed to pressure vessel for storage. It
works as a receiver. It supplies an air according to system requirement. It also used for on/off
system according to our will by passing the excess air to atm

3) Pressure gauge-It is device used to measure the pressure compressed air It is connected to
pressure vessel. It ensures that proper pressure is achieved or not. In this project the mechanical
type bourdon tube pressure gauge is used.

4) Condenser-When saturated vapors come in contact with a surface having a temperature

below the saturation temperature, condensation occurs.

5) Pneumatic non-return valve-Multiple check valves can be connected in series. For example,
a double check valve is often used as a back flow prevention device to keep potentially
contaminated water from siphoning back into municipal water supply lines. There are also
double ball check valves in which there are two ball/seat combinations sequentially in the same
body to ensure positive leak-tight shutoff when blocking reverse flow; and piston check valves,
wafer check valves, and balland-cone check valves.

6) Coolant tank-In this project the coolant tank is for the purpose of cooling of air.
 CHAPTER 5

ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS

5.1 Advantages

1. This is a non-conventional system.

2. No need fuel input.
3. Air is available free of cost.
4. No external supply is required.
5. This system is clean.
6. Low cost of maintenance.
7. Instead of nitrogen gas we can use water for cooling.
8. Air production is simply by running the vehicle.

5.2 Limitations

1. Leakage problems.
2. For smooth & even road less compress air produced.
 CHAPTER 6

APPLICATIONS

1. Applicable in all vehicles.

2. For cleaning & inflation of tubes.
3. Swing machine.
4. Compress air can use for pneumatic braking system.
5. In stair cases.
6. Spray Painting
7. Refrigeration and air conditioning systems
8. Gas turbine power plants 5) Supercharging of I.C Engines
9. Conveying materials like sand and concrete, coal mixtures etc.in pipe line
10. Pumping of Water
11. Driving the mining machinery
12. In Blast furnaces
13. Robotics
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