Resource or Valuable (exploits Rare (possessed by Inimitable (costly to Non-substitutable Core competency
Capability opportunities and one of a few firms in imitate) (there is no that provides a
neutralises threats) the industry) equivalent resource Sustained
or capability that competitive
could be used by a advantage?
competitor)
Worldwide Yes – Coca-Cola Yes – forever Maybe – Coca-Cola Yes – hard for Pepsi No – only a
distribution network exploits this network worldwide can shut out Pepsi to use another temporary advantage
effectively for with exclusive capability to replace at best since Pepsi
entering global agreements Coca-Cola’s may imitate it without
markets advantage in this bearing too much cost
aspect
Secret Formula Yes – Coca-Cola has Yes – only Coca-Cola Yes – only handful Yes – hard for Pepsi Yes – who has to copy
made it work to its has it know the formula and to use another it yet after 120 years?
advantage in many it has a long history resource or capability
markets around the of keeping it so, ~ to beat Coca-Cola in
global 120 years this case
Consumer Yes – effective use of Yes Yes – it is hard for Yes – it is unclear if yes
Marketing Skills advertising to Pepsi to exactly copy Pepsi could use
differing this skill and in nay another resource or
demographics in case the Coca-Cola capability to
many locations brand name is well- counteract this core
around the world known globally and competency
fairly well respected
Etc …
Example VRIN Analysis for the Coca-Cola Company – Global Operations