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Nbme 22 Notes

1) Liver avulsion from the IVC can cause massive hemorrhage when the liver is pushed up due to the slow presentation and anatomy with the IVC behind the liver. 2) Right heart myocardial infarction can cause right heart failure, hepatosplenomegaly, and fluid accumulation in the peritoneal space due to reflux of blood increasing central venous pressure. 3) Niacin reduces hepatic VLDL synthesis and inhibits lipolysis in adipose tissue, decreasing free fatty acid mobilization to the liver and VLDL production and release, while increasing LDL clearance.

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446 views1 page

Nbme 22 Notes

1) Liver avulsion from the IVC can cause massive hemorrhage when the liver is pushed up due to the slow presentation and anatomy with the IVC behind the liver. 2) Right heart myocardial infarction can cause right heart failure, hepatosplenomegaly, and fluid accumulation in the peritoneal space due to reflux of blood increasing central venous pressure. 3) Niacin reduces hepatic VLDL synthesis and inhibits lipolysis in adipose tissue, decreasing free fatty acid mobilization to the liver and VLDL production and release, while increasing LDL clearance.

Uploaded by

Geovy Yépez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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nbme 22 questions: JUST WRONGS AND LUCKY ONES

CARDIO:
-Massive hemorraghe happends when liver is push up- alvulsion of hepatic veins from
IVC (you know this beacause the slow presentation and anatomy location. IVC Is
behaind of liver.
-right heart MI- Cause Right heart failure- hepatosplenomegaly and fluid
accumulation in peritoneal space. the reflux of blood cause increase blood in IVC -
incresing central venous pressure.
-severe hypertension causes hyperplastic arteriosclerosis (onion -skin appearence).
-IV DRUG abuse: think always in 2 thinks 1.Tricuspid insufficiency or stenosis
2.Endocarditis.
-Liver pulsation: tricuspic regurgitation
-Niacin MA: IN Adipose tissue: decrease FFA momviliztion from adypocytes to liver.
In Liver: decreases VLDL production, so decreases VLDL realese to the blood. In
Plasma: increases LPL activity increasin VDLDL clearence.
-cholestryramine and other bile acid resins prevent the reuptake of bile acids from
the gut.
-Statins inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, preventing the liver from making mevalonic
acid, a precursor to cholesterol. C: Niacin (nicotinic acid) reduces hepatic VLDL
synthesis and also inhibits lipolysis in adipose tissue by inhibiting hormone
sensitive lipase.
-Fibrates upregulate lipoprotein lipase (LPL), increasing triglyceride clearance
(VLDL and chylomicrons are full of triglycerides) and also activate peroxisome
proliferator-activated receptor- alpha (PPAR-alpha) to induce HDL synthesis.
-Hyperventilation decrease PaCO2. Central chemoreceptors respond to low PaCO2 by
vasoconstricting cerebral blood vessels.
-Patitnet with HF (Low cardiac input) at first has the realease of BNP and ANP BUT
eventually SRAA, ADH and NE sense low blood perfusion and produce fluid retention
causing NA dilution.
-k sparing diuretics blocks Na ENAC decreasing NA K exchange in the collecting
duct.
-Flow Rate = Velocity x Cross-Sectional Area 2 cm^2 x 20 cm/sec x 60 sec/min x 1
L/1,000 cm^3 = 2.4 L/min
-breast give vertebra matastasis by intercostal veins.
-carboxylation of precursors warfarin inhibits the synthesis of factors II, VII,
IX, X, C, and S by blocking reduction of oxidized vitamin K. The enzyme Epoxide
Reductase is inhibited by warfarin. The reduced (active) form of vit. K is a
cofactor for gamma-glutamyl carboxylase.
-Nitrates cause decrease cardiac preload and increase coronary flux, AE: migrains
-Actinin is a microfilament protein. α-Actinin is necessary for the attachment of
actin filaments to the Z-lines in skeletal muscle cells.
BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES
-Low testosteron- low libid. arhteriosclerosis- fail erection
-Organic ED: normal libido, decreased nocturnal erections Psychogenic ED: decreased
libido, normal nocturnal erections
-Most common cause of splenic vein thrombosis is chronic pancreatitis, caused by
perivenous inflammation
-This is a patient case of postpartum thyroiditis. Can arise up to a year after
delivery and has lymphocytic infiltrate.
-Compliance = ΔV/ΔP = 500 / 20 = 25 mL/cm H2O
cl css
-ANATOMIA DE MUSCULOS INERVADOS ULNEAR, RADIAL, MEDIAN, TIBIAL, IRRIGACION GI,
ANAOTMIA DE INGUINAL RING, CAMP, LEUCEMIAS, BONES THOMOR, IMAGENES NEURO.FORMULAS
DE LAS PREGUNTAS MALAS.
People with Sjögren’s syndrome (enviromental), an autoimmune disease that affects
the moisture-producing glands in the body, have five to nine times the risk of
developing non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) than people in the general population

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