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Exp - 6 Bolyle's Law

Boyle's law states that the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional at constant temperature. This experiment uses a quill tube to verify Boyle's law and determine atmospheric pressure. Air is trapped in a capillary tube with mercury at both ends. As the tube is inclined at different angles, the length of the air column and difference in mercury heights are measured. Graphs of pressure vs. length and pressure vs. inverse length are used to show the relationships described by Boyle's law and determine atmospheric pressure from the y-intercept. The experiment demonstrates the inverse relationship between gas pressure and volume.

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1K views3 pages

Exp - 6 Bolyle's Law

Boyle's law states that the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional at constant temperature. This experiment uses a quill tube to verify Boyle's law and determine atmospheric pressure. Air is trapped in a capillary tube with mercury at both ends. As the tube is inclined at different angles, the length of the air column and difference in mercury heights are measured. Graphs of pressure vs. length and pressure vs. inverse length are used to show the relationships described by Boyle's law and determine atmospheric pressure from the y-intercept. The experiment demonstrates the inverse relationship between gas pressure and volume.

Uploaded by

yaswanth
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BOYLE'S LAW

Aim:- 1. To verify Boyle's law


2. To determine the atomspheric pressure using a quill tube.

Apparatus :- Quill tube, retort stand,thread,meter scale.

Description:-
A clean dry and uniform capillary tube 'AD' of length about
50cm and bore about 1 mm is taken.It is open at both the ends.a
mercury pellet 'BC' of length about 10cm is sucked into it, to the
middle of the capillary tube.One end A of the tube is closed so that
some dry air is enclosed between A&B.The tube is fixed to a half-
meter scale, in turn it is fitted to a retort stand.The tube can be
arranged in any position.

Principle:
At constant temparature,pressure of a gas (P) is inversely
proportional to the volume of the given mass of the gas.
PV=constant.PAL=Constant (A is constant for a uniform tube).
Pl= constant.
Formula:-
Pl=constant
Where l=length of the air column in the quill tube.
p=pressure of the air enclosed in the quill tube.

Procedure :-
The atmospheric pressure H is noted from the Fortin's
barometer then the quill tube is vertically clamped to the retort
stand with the open end upwards.The length of the air column l is
measured by means of the scale attched to the quill tube.The
vertival height of the ends of the mercury h 1 and h 2 are noted with
the help of a meter scale.The difference of the the heights taken as
'h'. Now the pressure of the enclosed air is (H+h).The experiment is
repeated 2 or 3 times by keeping the tube in different inclinations
with the open end upwards.In each case the values l, h 1 and h 2 are
measured and they are noted in the tabular form.The tube is then
held horizontal and the values, l, h 1 and h 2 are noted.In this
position h 1 and h 2 are equal and hence the pressure of the air
cloumn is equal to the atomspheric pressure(H).similary the tube is
held in different inclinations and then finally the tube is clamped
with the open end downward in each case the values of l, h 1 and
h 2 are measured and they are noted in the tabular form.when the
tube is clamped with the open end down wards.The pressure of the
enclosed air is (H-h).

Graphs:
P-l Graph:

A graph is drawn with the values of P on x-


axis and the values of l on y-axis.It is
rectangular hyperbola.This shows that pressure
is inversly proportional to the length of the air-
column.

P-1/l Graph:

A graph draw between P on the X-axis and 1/l on


the Y-axis. It is a straight line passing through the
origin indicating that pl is constant.

h-1/l Graph:

The graph is drawn between h on x-axis


and 1/l on y-axis.It is a straight line
intercepting the x-axis on the -ve side.The
magnitude of the value of intercept OA on the
x-axis gives the atmospheric pressure H in
terms of cm of Hg.

Observations:
1.Atmospheric pressure H=...................................cm of Hg.
Table for verification of Boyle's law:
S.No Position Length of Vertical heights of the ends Difference Pressure PxL = constant
of the the air of the mercury pellet h= h 1−h 2 cm P=H+h
tube column L cm
cm
h 1 cm h 2 cm
1)

2)

3)

4)

5)

6)

7)

Precautions:-
1) The mercury should be pure and dry.
2) Dry air should be enclosed in the tube.
3) The reading should be noted without parallax error.
4) After each adjustment sufficient time interval is allowed to attain
the room temparature before taking the readings.
5) The portion of the glass tube containing air should not be touched
with hand as its temparature may vary.

Result : 1. Boyle's is verified.


2. Atmospheric pressure from h – 1/l graph is ..........cm of Hg.

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