80% found this document useful (5 votes)
11K views3 pages

Central Difference Interpolation Formula Problems With Solution

1. The document provides solutions to three interpolation problems using central difference formulas. The first uses Gauss's forward formula to interpolate a value from a given difference table. The second uses Gauss's backward formula with a difference table of population data. The third employs Stirling's formula to compute a value from a table with logarithmic function values.

Uploaded by

gil tabion
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
80% found this document useful (5 votes)
11K views3 pages

Central Difference Interpolation Formula Problems With Solution

1. The document provides solutions to three interpolation problems using central difference formulas. The first uses Gauss's forward formula to interpolate a value from a given difference table. The second uses Gauss's backward formula with a difference table of population data. The third employs Stirling's formula to compute a value from a table with logarithmic function values.

Uploaded by

gil tabion
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Central Difference Interpolation Formula

1. Use Gauss’s forward formula to evaluate y30, given that y21=18.4708, y25=17.8144, y29=17.1070,
y33=16.3432, and y37=15.5154.

Solution:

Taking x0 = 29. The interval of difference h=4. We require to find value of y for x=30. Therefore, p=(x-x 0)/h
=(30-29)/4 = 0.25. The difference table is given below

x y ∆y ∆2y ∆3y ∆4y


21 18.4708
-0.6564
25 17.8144 -0.0510
-0.7074 -0.0054
x0=29 17.1070 -0.0564 -0.0022
-0.7638 -0.0076
33 16.3432 -0.0640
-0.8278
37 15.5154

Gauss forward interpolation formula is

y(x) = y0 + p ∆y0 + p(p-1)/2! ∆2 y-1+ (p+1)p(p-1)/3! ∆3 y-1+ (p+1)p(p-1)(p-2)/4! ∆4 y-2+ …

y(30) = 17.1070+(0.25)(-0.7638) + (0.25)(-0.75)/2 (-0.0564) + (1.25)(0.25)(-0.75)/6 (-0.0076)

+ (1.25)(0.25)(-0.75)(-1.75)/24 (-0.0022)

y30 = 16.9216.
2. Interpolate by means of Gauss’s backward formula, the population of a town for the year 1974, given that

Year 1939 1949 1959 1969 1979 1989


Population 12 15 20 27 39 52
(in thousands)

Solution:
Let x be the year and y be the population.
Taking x0 = 1969, h=10. We require to find value of y for x=1974.

Therefore,
p=(x-x0)/h =(1974-1969)/10 = 0.5.

The difference table is

x y ∆y ∆2y ∆3y ∆4y ∆5y


1939 12
3
1949 15 2
5 0
1959 20 2 3
7 3 -10
x0=1969 27 5 -7
12 -4
1979 39 1
13
1989 52

Gauss’s backward formula is

y(x)= y0 + p ∆y-1 + p(p+1)/2! ∆2 y-1+ (p+1)p(p-1)/3! ∆3 y-2+ (p+2)(p+1)p(p-1)/4! ∆4 y-2+ …

y(1974) = 27+(0.5)(7)+(1.5)(0.5)/2 (5)+ (1.5)(0.5)(-0.5)/6 (3) + (2.5)(1.5)(0.5)(-0.5)/24 (-7)

+ (2.5)(1.5)(0.5)(-0.5)(-1.5)/120 (-10)

= 32.345 thousands.
3. Employ Stirling’s formula to compute y 12.2 from the following table (yx=1+log10sinx):

xo 10 11 12 13 14
105 yx 23,967 28,060 31,788 35,209 38,368

Solution:
Taking x0=12, h=1, since x=12.2, we have
p=(x-x0)/h = (12.2-12)/1 = 0.2.
The difference table is

x yx ∆y ∆2y ∆3y ∆4y


10 0.23967
0.04093
11 0.28060 -0.00365
0.03728 0.00058
x0=12 0.31788 -0.00307 -0.00013
0.03421 0.00045
13 0.35209 -0.00262
0.03159
14 0.38368

By Stirling’s formula
y12.2 = y0 + p (∆y0 + ∆y-1)/2+ p2/2! ∆2 y-1+ p(p2-1)/3! (∆3 y-1+ ∆3y-2)/2 + p2(p2-1)/4! ∆4 y-2
= 0.31788+0.2(0.03728+0.03421)/2 + (0.2) 2/2 (-0.00307)+0.2[(0.2)2-1]/6
(0.00058 - 0.00045)/2 + (0.2) 2[(0.2)2-1]/24 (-0.00013)
= 0.31788 + 0.00715 - 0.00006 - 0.000002 + 0.0000002 =0.32495.

You might also like