SPEAKER EUGENIO PEREZ NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL SCHOOL
Roxas Blvd., San Carlos City, Pangasinan
MAPEH 9 – Health
First Quarter
COMMUNITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
Lesson 2. COMMUNITY HEALTH PROBLEMS
PERENNIAL COMMUNITY HEALTH PROBLEMS
Different perennial problems happen to the different regions of the country.
Water
Peace and Disposal Food
Order Sanitation
Disease Water
Control Supply
Human Community Drug Abuse,
Prevention and
Excreta and Health
Control in the
Sewage Problems Community
They vary according to factors like: economy, politics, geography, culture, and social context. There are places which experience community
health problems like:
Water-borne and communicable diseases
Armed conflicts
Natural disasters
Highly urbanized zones
Overpopulated areas
In this regard, the government has created an office that would be in charge of planning and implementing rules and regulations to address the
above mentioned community health problems. One of its programs is SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM that helps lessen the
amount of refuse in our country. Refuse are the dump, food waste or discarded materials.
KIND COMPOSITION SOURCES
Garbage Waste from preparation, cooking and serving of food, market wastes, Households, restaurants, institutions,
wastes from handling, storage and sale of production stores, markets
Rubbish Combustible: paper, cartons, boxes, barrels, wood, excelsior, tree Same as garbage
branches, yard trimmings, wood furniture, bedding, dunnage
Non-combustible: metals, tin cans, metal furniture, dirt, glass, crockery,
minerals
Ashes Residue from fires used for cooking and heating and from on-site Same as garbage
incineration
Street Refuse Sweepings, dirt, leaves, catch-basin dirt, content of litter receptacles Streets, sidewalks, alleys, vacant lots
Dead Animals Cats, dogs, horses, cows Same as street refuse
Abandoned vehicles Unwanted cars and trucks left on public property Same as Street refuse
Industrial wastes Food-processing wastes, boiler house cinders, lumber scraps, metal Factories, power plants
scraps, shavings
Demolition wastes Lumber, pipes, bricks, masonry, and other construction materials from Demolition sites to be used for new
razed buildings and other structures buildings, renewal projects,
expressways
Construction Scrap lumber, pipes, other construction materials New construction, remodeling
Wastes
Special Wastes Hazardous solid and liquids: explosives, pathological wastes, radioactive Household, hotels, hospitals,
materials, batteries institutions, stores, industries
Sewage treatment Solids from coarse screening and from grit chambers, septic-tank sludge Sewage treatment plants, septic tanks
residue
Solid Waste Management refers to the discipline associated with the:
Control of generation
Storage collection
Transfer and transport
SPEAKER EUGENIO PEREZ NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL SCHOOL
Roxas Blvd., San Carlos City, Pangasinan
MAPEH 9 – Health
First Quarter
Processing
Disposal of solid waste
According to RA No. 9003, there are many ways to do Solid Waste Management. A high recommended formula is to adopt the 3Rs of
Ecological Waste Management: REDUCE, REUSE, & RECYCLE. In addition, let us refrain from doing what has been prohibited under the law.
These include:
Littering, throwing, dumping of waste materials in public places like roads, sidewalks, canals, esteros, parks and establishments
Open burning of solid waste;
Allowing the collection of non-segregated or unsorted waste;
Squatting in open dumps and landfills;
Open dumping or burying of biodegradable and non-biodegradable materials in flood-prone areas;
Unauthorized removal of recyclable materials intended for collection by authorized persons;
Mixing of source-separated recyclable materials with other solid wastes in any vehicle, box, container or receptacle used in solid
waste collection or disposal;
Manufacture, distribution or use of non-environmentally acceptable packaging materials;
Establishment or operation of open dumps; and
Importation of consumer products packaged in non-environmentally acceptable materials.
Lesson 3. ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS IN THE PHILIPPINES
A FLASH FLOOD is a sudden flood of great volume, usually caused by a heavy rain.
ILLEGAL MINING is defined as the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth from an ore body, lode, vein, seam,
or reef, which forms the mineralized package of economic interest to the miner in the absence of land rights, mining license, exploration or mineral
transportation permit or of any document that could legitimate the on-going operations.
SOIL EROSION happens when soil and rock are moved from one place to another by wind, water, and gravity
Causes of Soil Erosion:
Deforestation
Building of Roads
Agriculture
Urbanization
Mining
CORAL REEF DEGRADATION is a significant problem throughout the world. It has been acknowledged that 27% of the world’s reefs have been
affected. Coral reefs are diversed underwater ecosystems built from calcium carbonate secreted by corals.
POLLUTION means any alteration of the physical, chemical and biological properties of water, air and/or land resources
AIR POLLUTION means any alteration of the physical, chemical and biological properties of the atmospheric air
WATER POLLUTION means any alteration of the physical, chemical, biological, or radiological properties of a body of water resulting in the
impairment of its purity or quality.
NOISE POLLUTION is the excessive sound that causes hearing loss, stress, fatigue, irritability, tension, headaches, and high blood pressure.
SOIL POLLUTION is chiefly caused by chemicals in pesticides, such as poisons that are used to kill agricultural pests like insects and herbicides
that are used to get rid of weeds.
Soil pollution results from:
Unhealthy methods of soil management.
Harmful irrigation methods.
EFFECTS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS
Environmental Problems Effects
Deforestation Soil erosion Landslides; Greenhouse effect Denuded upland
Silting of rivers and dams; Degraded watershed
Flooding; Destruction of corals along the coast
Flash Floods Causes of diseases such as Cholera and other water borne diseases
Loss of life; Contamination of drinking water
Destruction of Sewage System; Destruction of dams and destruction of levees
Soil Erosion Unproductive use of farmland; Difficulty in raising of livestock
Silting of artificial lakes; Loss of soil and vegetation which causes climate changes
Oil Spill Suffocation of marine mammals; Death of trees from oil in roots
Coral Reef Degradation Loss of edible reef fish; Reduction of species diversity and richness
Alteration in the size structure of target species
Illegal Mining Water poisoning of all the living things in it; Destruction of beautiful coral reefs
Barrenness of land
SPEAKER EUGENIO PEREZ NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL SCHOOL
Roxas Blvd., San Carlos City, Pangasinan
MAPEH 9 – Health
First Quarter
