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Linear Relations and Functions

1) A linear equation can be written in the form f(x) = mx + b, where m and b are constants. The graph of a linear equation is a straight line. 2) To graph a linear equation, find the x-intercept and y-intercept by setting either x or y equal to 0 and solving for the other variable. Then connect these two points with a straight line. 3) The standard form of a linear equation is Ax + By = C, where you can identify A, B, and C to write any equation in this form. You can then find intercepts and graph the equation.

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211 views

Linear Relations and Functions

1) A linear equation can be written in the form f(x) = mx + b, where m and b are constants. The graph of a linear equation is a straight line. 2) To graph a linear equation, find the x-intercept and y-intercept by setting either x or y equal to 0 and solving for the other variable. Then connect these two points with a straight line. 3) The standard form of a linear equation is Ax + By = C, where you can identify A, B, and C to write any equation in this form. You can then find intercepts and graph the equation.

Uploaded by

ayesha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2-2 HAND-OUT

Linear Relations and Functions


Linear Relations and Functions A linear equation has no operations other than addition, subtraction, and
multiplication of a variable by a constant. The variables may not be multiplied together or appear in a denominator. A
linear equation does not contain variables with exponents other than 1. The graph of a linear equation is always a line.
A linear function is a function with ordered pairs that satisfy a linear equation. Any linear function can be written in the
form f(x) = mx + b, where m and b are real numbers.
If an equation is linear, you need only two points that satisfy the equation in order to graph the equation. One way is to
find the x-intercept and the y-intercept and connect these two points with a line.

𝒙
Example 1: Is f(x) = 0.2 – 𝟓 a linear function? Explain.
1
Yes; it is a linear function because it can be written in the form f(x) = – 5x + 0.2.

Example 2: Is 2x + xy – 3y = 0 a linear function? Explain.


No; it is not a linear function because the variables x and y are multiplied together in the middle term.

Exercises
State whether each function is a linear function. Write yes or no. Explain.
18 𝑥
1. 6y – x = 7 2. 9x = 3. f (x) = 2 –
𝑦 11

𝑥 0.4
4. 2y – – 4 = 0 5. 1.6x – 2.4y = 4 6. 0.2x = 100 –
6 𝑦

4
7. f(x) = 4 – 𝑥 3 8. f(x) = 𝑥 9. 2yx – 3y + 2x = 0
2-2 HAND-OUT (continued)
Linear Relations and Functions
Standard Form The standard form of a linear equation is Ax + By = C, where A, B, and C are integers whose greatest
common factor is 1, A ≥ 0, and A and B are not both 0.

Example 1: Write each equation in standard form. Identify A, B, and C.


a. y = 8x – 5 b. 14x = –7y + 21
y = 8x – 5 Original equation 14x = –7y + 21 Original equation
–8x + y = –5 Subtract 8x from each side. 14x + 7y = 21 Add 7y to each side.
8x – y = 5 Multiply each side by –1. 2x + y = 3 Divide each side by 7.
So A = 8, B = –1, and C = 5. So A = 2, B = 1, and C = 3.

Example 2: Find the x-intercept and the y-intercept of the graph of 4x – 5y = 20. Then graph the equation.
The x-intercept is the value of x when y = 0.
4x – 5y = 20 Original equation
4x – 5(0) = 20 Substitute 0 for y.
x=5 Simplify.

So the x-intercept is 5. Similarly, the y-intercept is –4.

Exercises
Write each equation in standard form. Identify A, B, and C.
1. 2x = 4y –1 2. 5y = 2x + 3 3. 3x = –5y + 2

3 2
4. 18y = 24x – 9 5. y = x + 5 6. 6y – 8x + 10 = 0
4 3

7. 0.4x + 3y = 10 8. x = 4y – 7 9. 2y = 3x + 6

Find the x-intercept and the y-intercept of the graph of each equation. Then graph the equation using the
intercepts.
10. 2x + 7y = 14 11. 5y – x = 10 12. 2.5x – 5y + 7.5 = 0

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