M The climate in Bageshwar district is temperate to sub-humid.

The northern part of the WIND SPEED MAXIMUM TEMPERATURES

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district experiences sub-zero temperature almost throughout the year whereas the
central and southern parts are comparatively warm and humid. Severe winter is the
chief climatic feature in the district. In 8 general, the district experiences a tropical to
sub-tropical and sub-humid climate except for the northern part where a cold temperate

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climate prevails.

RAINFALL

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Most of the rainfall, about 75% of the annual value, occurs during monsoon
months of June to September. July is the rainiest month followed by August. In
September, depressions from Bay of Bengal occasionally reach Uttarakhand and
affect the weather of Bageshwar district also. This phenomenon may cause heavy

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rains. With the withdrawal of monsoon in September, the intensity of rainfall
rapidly decreases. The decrease continues till November, which is a practically
rainless month. Winter precipitation is associated with the passage of the Western
Disturbances and is in the form of snowfall over higher elevations. PRECIPITATION AMOUNTS

CLOUDY, SUNNY AND PRECIPITATION DAYS

Temperature, Relative Humidity and Wind

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January is the coldest month with mean
maximum temperature of 10°C, the mean
minimum temperature being about 2°C.
Temperature drops down to – 6°C during
January and February in the northern part of
the district. June is the warmest month with
the mean maximum and the mean minimum

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temperatures of 25°C and 15°C respectively.
The maximum temperature recorded in the
district was 43ºC (May 2003) whereas the
minimum temperature recorded was 4ºC

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(January 2003). The Relative Humidity
increases rapidly with the onset of monsoon WIND ROSE
and reaches at about 80% during July to

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September.
AVERAGE TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION
The "mean daily maximum" (solid red line) shows the maximum
temperature of an average day for every month for Kausani. Likewise,

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"mean daily minimum" (solid blue line) shows the average minimum
temperature. Hot days and cold nights (dashed red and blue lines) show
the average of the hottest day and coldest night of each month of the
last 30 years. For vacation planning, you can expect the mean

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temperatures, and be prepared for hotter and colder days. Wind speeds
are not displayed per default, but can be enabled at the bottom of the
graph.

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The precipitation chart is useful to plan for seasonal effects such
as monsoon climate in India or . wet season in Africa Monthly
precipitations above 150mm are mostly wet, below 30mm mostly dry.
Note: Simulated precipitation amounts in tropical regions and complex

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terrain tend to be lower than local measurements.
 MASS AWARENESS AND TRAINING ACTIVITY Fissured Formation of Lesser Himalaya (comprising shale,
Number of Mass Awareness Programmes organized Nil quartzite, slate, phyllite, sandstone, dolomite, limestone) -
Number of Water Management Training Programmes Local or Discontinuous
organized Aquifers: Transmissivity – Not Available, Yield – Low (1 to 5
LPS).
Fissured Formation of Central Himalaya (Central
Crystallines comprising gneiss, schist, migmatite,
amphibolite, quartzite and granites of variable ages) –
Localised Aquifers: Transmissivity – Not Available, Yield –
Very Low (<LPS).

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Y
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GROUND WATER QUALITY
Presence of Chemical Constituents more than the Maximum
Permissible Limits of BIS: EC – not reported, Fluoride – 1.70

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mg/L reported from a Hand Pump in Baijnath, Garur block
(possibly of local nature), Arsenic – not reported, Iron – not
analysed.
Type of ground water: Suitable for drinking and domestic

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use, almost all samples falling under C1S1 Class except for
three samples falling under C2S1 Class (US Salinity
Classification).
WATER AVAILABILITY AND GROUND WATER POTENTIAL

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• Number of Villages Covered by India Mark-II Hand Pumps
858 11.2
• Number of India Mark-II Hand Pumps installed by

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Uttarakhand Jal Sansthan 75 11.3
• Annual Ground water Resource by RIF Method 4723.1
ham
EFFORTS OF ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE AND RAINWATER

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HARVESTING
Projects completed by CGWB Nil
Projects under technical guidance of CGWB: One,
undertaken by AVANI (an NGO), Tripuradevi, Berinag block,
Pithoragarh district. Construction of one Storage Tank
(Capacity: 40,000 litre) and Two Toilets at Remote Rural
Government Schools were undertaken under the funding
from the Ministry of Water Resources.
The work was completed at Primary Schools in four villages
viz. Saukura, Simayal, Chantola and Mahrori.

GROUND WATER CONTROL AND REGULATION

Number of Over Exploited Blocks Nil
Number of Critical Blocks Nil 14.3 Number of Blocks Notified
Nil
 Sub-tropical Forest Sub-temparate forest
• This kind of forest zone lies between the altitude of 300 m and 1500 m • The forest communities of this zone are generally found 1800 m to 2800
and comprises of the following forest communities. m altitude. The plant communities which belong to this zone are :-
• Sal (Shorea robusta) Community :- This is a deciduous type of plant • Deodar (Cedrus deodara) Community :- The evergreen communities of
community ranges from 300 m to 1000 m altitude. The tree species of plants is found between 1800 m to 2200 m altitude. The shrubs which
this community are Semecarpus anacardium, Haldu (Adina cordifolia), belong to this community are Rubus ellipticus and Berberis asiatica.
Bauhinia vahlii, Madhuca longifolia, Cassia fistula etc.. • Utis (Alnus Nepalensis) :- This deciduous plant community generally
• Chir / Pine (Pinus roxburghii) Community :- This evergreen plant found between 1400 to 2200 m altitude. Some of the important species

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community is mainly found in dry hill slopes between 1200 m to 1800 m. of this community are Rubus ellipticus and Betula alnoides.
The forest floor is often clear. However, Pyrus pashia, Dalbergia sericia, • Horse chestnut (Esculus indica) Community :- This deciduous community
Caseana elliptica, Syzygium Cumini are other species grow with pine. occurs between 2000 and 2500 m altitude. The species of trees which
• Vijaysar (Engelhardtia spiicata) Community :- It is a deciduous type of belong to this community are Betula alnoides, Juglans regia and Litsea

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plant community found in shady and and wet place ranging from 800 m umbrosa.
to 1500 m in altitudes. The trees Sapium onsigne, Dalbergia sissoo, • Kal (Pinus walechina) Community :- This ever green forest resides from
Syzygium cumini are few among other species. 2100 mts to 2800 mts altitude.
• Ramal (Macaranga pustulata) Community :- This is a deciduous plant • Banj oak (Quercus leucotriochophora) Community :- This is also an

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community mainly found on eroded slopes or riverine area. This evergreen plant community found between 1800 m and 2200 m
community has mainly Mallotus philippinensis, Toona serrata etc plants. altitude.
• Faliyal Oak (Qurecus gloca) Community :- This is evergreen community • Rianj Oak (Quercus lanuginosa) Community :- Same as above two this

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found in shady and moist place upto 1500 meter altitude. The trees such community is also evergreen and is found from 2000 to 2500 m in
as Pyrus pashia, Emblica officinalis and shrubs Callicarpa arborea, Rubus altitude. Myrica esculenta, Betula alnoides, Pyrus pasia are among the
ellipticus are the other associates of this community. other tree species of this community. This community also attains the
• Chair Pine and Bany Oak Community :- This community is mainly found same attitudinal range as mentioned for banj oak forest.

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between the altitude 1500 m to 1800 m. Myrica esculenta, • Tilonj oak (Q florebunda) Community :- This community occurs between
Rhododendron arboreum, Pyrus pashia etc are the other tree species of 2200 m and 2700 m altitude. The co-dominant species of this forest are
this community. R.arboreum, Lyonia ovalifolia, Litsea umbrosa etc.

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The region is immensely rich with 4000 species of plants, having
remarkable diversity in it’s natural vegetation by virtue of its being at a
great range of elevation. In addition to its’ climatic variations, particularly

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in temperature and precipitation associated with the alignment and
altitudes of ranges and nature of valleys, determine the altitudinal growth
and variety of vegetation. The flora of this region may be classified into
tropihcal, Himalayan sub-tropical and sub alpine and alpine vegetation. The

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alpine and sub alpine zones are considered as the most natural abode of
the largest number of medicinal plants. Considering the various
parameters, the vegetation of this region, can broadly be divided into four VIJAYSAGAR
BANJ OAK

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parts.

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SAL (SHOREA ROBUSTA)

HORSE CHESNUT