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Chapter 38 Logarithms 对数

1. This document introduces properties and examples of logarithms. It includes properties such as log(ab) = b, log(a^a) = 1, and log(a1) = 0. 2. Examples are provided for converting expressions to logarithmic form and evaluating logarithmic expressions. Problems are also given for finding the value of x given a logarithmic equation. 3. The final sections provide practice evaluating logarithmic expressions, changing logarithmic bases, simplifying expressions, and expressing logarithmic terms in terms of p, q, and r.

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38 views9 pages

Chapter 38 Logarithms 对数

1. This document introduces properties and examples of logarithms. It includes properties such as log(ab) = b, log(a^a) = 1, and log(a1) = 0. 2. Examples are provided for converting expressions to logarithmic form and evaluating logarithmic expressions. Problems are also given for finding the value of x given a logarithmic equation. 3. The final sections provide practice evaluating logarithmic expressions, changing logarithmic bases, simplifying expressions, and expressing logarithmic terms in terms of p, q, and r.

Uploaded by

En Yap
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 38 Logarithms 对数

Properties Example
1. 𝑎𝑏 = 𝑐
可以写成
log 𝑎 𝑐 = 𝑏
2. log 𝑎 𝑎 = 1

3. log 𝑎 1 = 0

4. log 𝑎 𝑎 𝑥 = 𝑥

5. 𝑏log𝑎 𝑥 = x

log𝑏 𝑥
6. log 𝑎 𝑥 =
log𝑏 𝑎

7. log 𝑎 𝑥 𝑟 = 𝑟 log 𝑎 𝑥

8. log 𝑎 (𝑥 𝑦) = log 𝑎 𝑥 + log 𝑎 𝑦

𝑥
9. log 𝑎 ( ) = log 𝑎 𝑥 − log 𝑎 𝑦
𝑦
Convert the following to logarithmic form / index form:
1. 73 = 243 1
2. 8−3 = 512

3
3. log13 169 = 2 4. log 3 √27 = 2

5. 54 = 625 1
6. ( )0 = 1
2

3
7. log 3 9 = 2 8. log 25 125 = 2

Find the value of 𝑥 in each of the following:


1. Given that log 4 𝑥 = 2, find 𝑥.

2. Given that log 𝑥 27


64
= 3, find 𝑥.
3. Given that log 2(2𝑥 − 3) = 3, find 𝑥.

4. Given that log 2𝑥 4 = 1, find 𝑥.

5. Given that log 31𝑥 81 = 2, find 𝑥.

6. Given that log10(3 𝑥 + 250) = 3, find 𝑥.

7. Given that log 𝑥 √125 = 32, find 𝑥.

8. Given that log 4 128𝑥 = 3, find 𝑥.


Evaluate the following
1. log13 169 2. log5 625 3. log2 128

4. log8 4 5. log27 243 6. log2 √8

1
7. log7 343 8. log9 13 1
9. log3 81

10. log8 2 11. log25 625 12. log2 4√2


Given that log 2 3 = 1.585 , log 2 5 = 2.333 𝑎𝑛𝑑 log 2 7 = 2.807, find the values of the
following:

1. log 2 12 2. log 2 105

3. log 2 3.5 4. log 2 0.5

5. log 2 √21 6. log 2 3√243

7. log 2 15 8. log 2 2.1

9. log 2 3√3 10. log 2 √6


Given that 𝑝 = log 𝑎 𝑥 , 𝑞 = log 𝑎 𝑦 , 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑟 = log 𝑎 𝑧, express the following in
terms of p, q and r.
𝑥
1. log 𝑎 𝑥 𝑦 2. log 𝑎
𝑦

3. log 𝑎
𝑥𝑦 5 4. log 𝑎 (𝑥 3𝑦𝑧 5 )2
𝑧

𝑦5
𝑧
6. log 𝑎 ( 3√𝑥𝑦𝑧)2
5. log 𝑎 3
√𝑎

𝑧
7. log 𝑎
𝑥 √𝑦
8. log 𝑎 𝑎2 ( )2
𝑧 𝑥𝑎𝑦 3

𝑧 √𝑦 10. log 𝑎 𝑥𝑦𝑧


9. log 𝑎
𝑎𝑥
Evaluate the following term by changing their base.
1. log 4 32 2. log √3 9

3. log 1 125 4. log 36 √6


25

5. log 9 243 6. log 216 6

7. log 81 √3 8. log 49 7
Simplify:
1. log 5 27 × log 7 125 2. log 3 16 × log 8 9

7 log11 25×log27 11
3. log 5 25 + log5 35 − log 5 5 4. log9 5

2 log3 27×log7 125


5. (log 5 5 + log5 5) × (log5 √5 − log 5 125) 6. log49 25
Chapter Review Exercise

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