Lesson

1.1 Linear and Absolute Value Equations

Objective 1: Solving Linear Equations

Step1: Clear Fractions by multiplying each term by LCD

Step 2: Clear Brackets using distributive law

Step 3: Combine like terms on both sides

Step 4: Clear variable term on the right (if necessary)

Step 5: Isolate the variable

1. Solve the equation and check your solution: 3(x − 5) − 3 = −2(x − 4)

Step1: Clear Brackets using distributive law: 3x – 15 – 3 = -2x + 8

Step2: Combine like terms on both sides: 3x – 18 = -2x + 8
2x 2x
Step 3: Remove variable (-2x) from right side by adding +2x on both sides 5x – 18 = 8

Step 4: Add 18 and divide by 5: x = 26/5


2. Solve the equation and check your solution: 4(5s − 13) − 8(2s + 5) = 0

Step1: Clear Brackets using distributive law: 20s - 52 – 16s – 40 = 0

Step2: Combine like terms on both sides: 4s – 92 = 0

Step 3: Add 92 and divide by 4 4s = 92 s = 92/4 = 23

𝐱 𝟏
3. Solve the equation and check your solution. − 𝟕 =
𝟖 𝟐

! !
Step1: Clear the denominators by multiplying each term by LCD (8): 8 −7= => x – 56 = 4
! !

Step2: Add 56 on both sides x = 60


4. Solve the equation and check your solution: x + 0.16(40) = 0.40(40 + x)

Step1: Clear Brackets using distributive law: 1x + 6.4 = 16 + 0.4x

Step 2: Remove variable (0.4x) from right side by adding -0.4x on both sides 0.6x + 6.4 = 16

Step 3: Subtract 6.4 on both sides and divide by 0.6 0.6x = 9.6 x = 9.6/0.6 = 16

5. Solve the equation and check your solution: 7[3y − 2(y − 1)] − 3 + 7y = 0

If there is more than one bracket, remove parenthesis and then square brackets

Step1: Clear Parenthesis using distributive law: 7[3y − 2y + 2)] − 3 + 7y = 0

Step2: Clear Brackets using distributive law: 21y – 14y + 14 – 3 + 7y = 0

Step 3: Combine like terms: 14y + 11 = 0

Step 4: Subtract 11 and divide by 14: 14y = -11 y = -11/14


𝟏𝟓! 𝐱 𝟓𝐱 !𝟏𝟑
6. Solve the equation and check your solution. =
!𝟐 𝟒

!"!! !!!!"
Step1: Multiply both sides by LCD (-4) −4 = 30 + 2x = -5x + 13
!! !

Step 2: Remove variable (-5x) from right side by adding 5x on both sides 7x + 30 = 13

Step 3: Subtract 30 and divide by 7: 7x = -17 or x = -17/7

Objective 2: Classify the equation as a contradiction, a conditional equation, or an identity

After solving the equation if the equation

(i) Has only one solution: Conditional Equation

(ii) When a true statement such as 0 = 0 results, the equation is an identity
(iii) When a false statement such as −3 = 7 results, the equation is a contradiction

7. Classify the equation as a contradiction, a conditional equation, or an identity. 4[3x − 5(x − 3)] = 8

Step1: Clear parenthesis 4[3x – 5x + 15] = 8

Step2: Clear Brackets 12x – 20x + 60 = 8

Step 3: Combine like terms -8x + 60 = 8 -8x = -52 x = -52/-8 = 13/2

Conditional Equation


8. Classify the equation as a contradiction, a conditional equation, or an identity. 4[x − 2(x − 6)] − 1 = −4x + 47

Step1: Clear parenthesis 4[x − 2x + 12] − 1 = −4x + 47

Step2: Clear Brackets 4x – 8x + 48 – 1 = -4x + 47

Step 3: Combine like terms -4x + 47 = -4x + 47

Since both sides are exactly the same, the equation is an identity


9. Classify the equation as a contradiction, a conditional equation, or an identity. 4[2(x − 6) + 5] = 8x – 27

Step1: Clear parenthesis 4[2x – 12 + 5] = 8x – 27

Step2: Clear Brackets 8x – 48 + 20 = 8x – 27

Step 3: Combine like terms 8x – 28 = 8x – 27

Step 4: Subtracting 8x gives, -28 = -27, which is a contradiction

Objective 3: Solving Absolute Value Equations

Solving absolute value equations is as easy as working with regular linear equations. The only additional key step that
you need to remember is to separate the original absolute value equation into two parts: positive and negative (±)
components. |-7| = |7| = 7

Below is the general approach on how to break them down into two equations:

10. Solve the absolute value equation for x. (Enter your answers as a comma-separated list. |4x + 14| = 66

We divide the problem into two linear equations

4x + 14 = -66 4x + 14 = 66

We add -14 and divide by 4 on both sides

4x = -80 4x = 52

x = -80/4 = -20 x = 52/4 = 13

x = {-20, 13}

11. Solve the absolute value equation for x. (Enter your answers as a comma-separated list.
𝐱!𝟓
= 𝟖
𝟔
We divide the problem into two linear equations

!!! !!!
= −8 = 8
! !

We multiply both sides by 6 and then add -5 on both sides

x +5 = -48 x + 5 = 48 x = -53 x = 43 x = {-53, 43}


12. Solve the absolute value equation for x. (Enter your answers as a comma-separated list. |3x − 1| = −11

Since the absolute value of a number is positive and -11 is a negative number, we conclude that the answer has
“ NO SOLUTION

13. Solve the absolute value equation for x. (Enter your answers as a comma-separated list. 3|x − 4| − 13 = 2

Step1: We isolate the absolute value first by adding +13 and then divide by 3 on both sides

3|x − 4| = 15 |x − 4| = 5

x – 4 = -5 x – 4 = 5

x = -1 x = 9

x = {-1, 9}

14. Solve the absolute value equation for x. (Enter your answers as a comma-separated list. 7 − 4|3 − 7x| = −9

Step1: We isolate the absolute value first by subtracting 7 and then divide by -4 on both sides

-4|3 – 7x| = -16 |3 – 7x| = 4

3 – 7x = -4 3 – 7x = 4 Now add -3 and divide by -7

Now solve both the linear equations:

-7x = -7 -7x = 1

x = -7/-7 = 1 x = -1/7

x = {-1/7, 1}

15. Ruben is driving along a highway that passes through Barstow. His distance d, in miles, from Barstow is given by
the equation d = |260 − 50t|, where t is the time, in hours, since the start of his trip and 0 ≤ t ≤ 7. When will Ruben be
exactly 60 miles from Barstow? (Enter your answers as a comma-separated list.)

|260 – 50t| = 60

260 – 50t = -60 260 – 50t = 60

Subtract 260 and then divide by -50 on both sides

-50 t = -320 -50t = -200

t = -320/-50 = 6.4 t = -200/-50 = 4

t = {4, 6.4}




 Lesson 1.2 Formulas and Applications
Formula is an equation containing 2 or more variables

𝟏
1. Solve the formula for h: 𝑽= 𝝅𝒓𝟐 𝒉
𝟑

Multiply both sides by 3: 3V = 𝜋𝑟 ! ℎ

!!
Divide by 𝜋𝑟 ! : h=
!! !

𝑮𝒎𝟏 𝒎𝟐
2. Solve the formula m1: F=
𝒅𝟐

Multiply by d2: d2F = 𝐺𝑚! 𝑚!

Divide by Gm2: m1 = d2F/𝐺𝑚!

𝒂
3. Solve the formula for R: S=
𝟏!𝑹

Multiply by 1 – R: S(1 – R) = a

S – SR = a

-SR = a – S

!!! !!!
R= 𝑜𝑟
!! !

𝑷𝟏𝑽𝟏 𝑷𝟐𝑽𝟐
4. Solve the formula for V2: =
𝑻𝟏 𝑻𝟐

Multiply both sides by T1T2: P 1 V IT 2 = P 2 V 2 T 1

!! !! !!
Divide by P2T1: V2 =
!! !!

5. A triangle has a perimeter of 126 centimeters. Each of the two longer sides of the triangle is three times as long as the
shortest side. Find the length of each side of the triangle.

Let shorter side: x

Two longer sides: 3x and 3x

Perimeter: x + 3x + 3x = 126

7x = 126 x = 126/7 = 18

Shortest side = x = 18 cm Each longer sides = 3x = 54 cm

6. One way to approximate the height of a tree is to measure its shadow and then measure the shadow of a known
height. Use similar triangles and the diagram below to estimate the height of the tree. (Let x = 8 ft.)

x/4 = h/6 but x = 8/4 = h/6 2 = h/6 h = 12 ft

7. The price of a computer fell 20% this year. If the computer now costs $650, how much did it cost last year?

Let the original price = x Current price after discount = 80%x = 650

0.80x = 650 x = 650/0.80 = $812.50

8. An investment of $3000 is made at an annual simple interest rate of 5.5%. How much additional money must be
invested at an annual simple interest rate of 7% so that the total interest earned is 6% of the total investment?

Investment1 Investment2
Rate 0.055 0.07
Principle 3000 3000+x

0.055(3000) + 0.07(3000+ x) = 0.06(6000 + x)

x = $1500

9. A plane leaves Chicago headed for Los Angeles at 590 mph. One hour later, a second plane leaves Los Angeles headed
for Chicago at 610 mph.

If the air route from Chicago to Los Angeles is 1800 miles, how long will it take for the first plane to pass the second plane?
(Round your answer to two decimal places.)

Plane1 Plane2
Speed 590 610
Time X X-1

590x + 610(x – 1) = 1800 x = 2.01 hours

How far from Chicago will they be at that time? (Round your answer to the nearest whole number.)

500x = 500(2.01) = 1185.9 or 1186 mi

10. A car traveling at 90 kilometers per hour is passed by a second car going in the same direction at a constant speed.
After 30 seconds, the two cars are 500 meters apart. Find the speed of the second car.

Car Car1 Car2

Speed 90 x
Time 0.0083 0.0083
 Note: 30 seconds = 30/(3600) = 0.0083 hours

500 meters = 0.5 kilometers

x(0.0083) – 90(0.0083) = 0.5

0.0083x – 0.747 = 0.5 x = 150 km/h

11. How many liters of water should be evaporated from 190 liters of a 16% saline solution so that the solution that
remains is a 40% saline solution?

Saline Solution Water Final

Solution
190 x 190-x
16% 0% 40%

190(16%) + x(0%) = (190-x)40% 3040 = 7600 – 40x x = 114 L

12. A tea merchant wants to make 10 pounds of a blended tea costing $5.20 per pound. The blend is made using a $6.50-
per-pound grade of tea and a $3.25-per-pound grade of tea. How many pounds of each grade of tea should be used?

Grade1 Grade2 Mix

$6.50 $3.25 $5.20
x 10 - x 10

6.50(x) + 3.25(10 – x) = 5.20(10)

650x + 3250 – 325x = 5200

325x + 3250 = 5200 x=6

$6.50 grade: x = 6 lb

$3.25 grade: 10-x = 10 – 6 = 4 lb

13. The vendor of a coffee cart mixes coffee beans that cost $8 per pound with coffee beans that cost $4 per pound. How
many pounds of each should be used to make a 50-pound blend that sells for $5.58 per pound?

Coffee Beans1 Coffee Beans2 Mix

$8.00 $4.00 $5.58
x 50 - x 50

8.00(x) + 4.00(50 – x) = 5.58(50)

800x + 20000 – 400x = 27900

400x + 20000 = 27900 x = 19.75

$8 coffee: x = 19.75 lb

$4 coffee: 50 – x: 50 – 19.75 = 30.25 lb

14. A painter can paint a kitchen in 4 hours. An apprentice can paint the same kitchen in 12 hours. If they worked
together, how long would it take them to paint the kitchen?

Rate of painter: ¼ Rate of Apprentice: 1/12

! ! ! !
In one hour they both can do: + = = of the work
! !" !" !

They both can complete the work in 3 hours

 Lesson 1.3 Quadratic Equations
Quadratic Equation: ax2 + bx + c = 0 (need zero on the right side)

1. Solve the quadratic equation by factoring and applying the zero product principle. x2 + 3x − 10 = 0

(x + 5)(x – 2) = 0

x+5=0 or x–2=0

x = {-5, 2}

2. Solve the quadratic equation by factoring and applying the zero product principle. (2x + 1)(x − 3) = 9

On the right hand side, we do not have zero, we multiply the two factors first:

2x2 - 6x + 1x – 3 = 9 or 2x2 - 5x – 12 = 0

(2x + 3)(x – 4) = 0

2x + 3 = 0 or x–4=0 x = {-3/2,4}

3. Use the square root procedure to solve the equation. (x + 6)2 = 169

x + 6 = 169 = ±13

x + 6 = -13 or x + 6 = 13

x = {-19, 7}

4. Use the square root procedure to solve the equation. 3(x − 2)2 = 20

First divide by 3 on both sides: (x − 2)2 = 20/3

!" !" ! !"

x–2=± =± =±
! ! !

! !" !!! !" !!! !"

x=2± or ,
! ! !

! !
x= 6 − 2 15 , 6 + 2 15 ,
! !

5. Solve the equation by completing the square. x2 + 8x − 5 = 0

6. Solve the equation by completing the square. x2 + 8x + 17 = 0

x=

7. Solve the equation by completing the square. 9x2 + 12x + 5 = 0

x=

8. Solve by using the quadratic formula. 8x2 + 14x − 15 = 0

 a = 8, b = 14, and c = -15

x = -5/2, 3/4

9. Solve by using the quadratic formula. 2x = 9 − 3x2

3x2 + 2x – 9 = 0 where a = 3, b = 2, and c = -9

x=

10. Solve by using the quadratic formula. x2 = 2x – 50

x2 - 2x + 50 = 0

x=

11. Solve by using the quadratic formula. x2 + 6x + 54 = 0

A = 1, b = 6, and c = 54

x=

12. Determine the discriminant of the quadratic equation. 3x2 − 8x + 15 = 0

b2 – 4ac = (-8)2 – 4(3)(15) = -116 no real solutions

13. The demand for a certain product is given by p = 26 − 0.01x, where x is the number of units sold per month and p is
the price, in dollars, at which each item is sold. The monthly revenue is given by R = xp. What number of items sold
produces a monthly revenue of $16,275?

R = xp = x(26 – 0.01x) = 16275 or 26x – 0.01x2 – 16275 = 0

0.01x2 – 26x + 16275 = 0

Solve using quadratic formula, where a = 0.01, b = -26, and c = 16275

x = {1050, 1550} items

14. A square piece of cardboard is formed into a box by cutting out 3-inch squares from each of the corners and folding
up the sides, as shown in the following figure. If the volume of the box needs to be 216.75 cubic inches, what size
square piece of cardboard is needed? (Round your answers to one decimal place.)

If we cut 3-inch squares of the corners, each side will be x – 6 and height be 3

Volume: LWH = (x – 6)(x – 6)3 = 216.75

We can divide by 3: (x – 6)(x – 6) = 72.25 or (x – 6)2 = 72.75

x – 6 = 8.5 or x = 14.5 in

The new dimensions: 14.5 in X 14.5 in X 3 in

15. Two equations can be used to track the position of a baseball t seconds after it is hit. For instance, suppose h = −16t2 +
45t + 4.7 gives the height, in feet, of a baseball t seconds after it is hit, and s = 103.1t gives the horizontal distance, in
feet, of the ball from home plate t seconds after it is hit. (See the following figure.) Use these equations to determine
whether this particular baseball will clear a 10-foot fence positioned 325 feet from home plate.

S = 103.1t 325 = 103.1t or t = 325/103.1 = 3.152

h = -16(3.152)2 + 45(3.152) + 4.7 = -12.422
No, the ball will not clear the fence.

Lesson 1.4: Other Type of Equations

1. Solve the polynomial equation by factoring and using the principle of zero products. x3 − 36x = 0

x3 − 36x = 0 or x(x2 – 36) = 0 or x (x + 6)(x – 6) = 0

x = {-6, 0 , 6}

2. Solve the polynomial equation by factoring and using the principle of zero products. x3 − 4x2 − 3x + 12 = 0

x3 − 4x2 − 3x + 12 = 0 or x2(x – 4) – 3(x – 4) = 0 or (x2 – 3)(x – 4) = 0

x2 – 3 = 0 x–4=0 x = {− 3, 3, 4}

3. Solve the polynomial equation by factoring and using the principle of zero products. x3 + 125 = 0

x3 + 125 = 0 or x3 + 53 = 0 We use the formula x3 + y3 = (x + y)(x2 – xy + y2)

(x + 5)(x2 - 5x + 25) = 0

x + 5 = 0 or x2 - 5x + 25 = 0 Second factor solve by quadratic formula

! !
x = {-5, (5 + 5𝑖 3), (5 − 5𝑖 3) }
! !

4. Solve the rational equation.

!!! !!
+3= Multiply each term by LCD (x – 4)
!!! !!!

x + 8 + 3(x – 4) = -4 4x – 4 = -4 or x = 0

𝟐 𝟕 𝟑
5. Solve the rational equation. + =
𝒙!𝟕 𝒙!𝟖 𝒙!𝟕

LCD = (x – 7)(x + 8)
 2(x+ 8) + 7(x – 7) = 3(x + 8) 2x + 16 + 7x – 49 = 3x + 24 or x = 5/2

6. Solve the radical equation. (Enter your answers as a comma-separated list. If there is no solution, enter NO SOLUTION.)

8−𝑥 =4 Squaring on both sides 8 – x = 16 or x = -8

7. Solve the radical equation. −𝟕𝒙 − 𝟓 + 𝒙 = 𝟏

−7𝑥 − 5 = 1 – x Squaring on both sides gives

-7x – 5 = 1 + x2 – 2x or x2 + 5x + 6 = 0 (x + 2)(X + 3) = 0 X = {-2, -3}

8. Solve the radical equation. 𝒙−𝟖+ 𝒙+𝟓=𝟑

𝑥−8=3− 𝑥+5

!
x–8= 3− 𝑥+5 =9−6 𝑥+5+𝑥+5

x – 8 = 14 + 𝑥 − 6 𝑥 + 5 or -22 = −6 𝑥 + 5 or 𝑥 + 5 = 22/6 = 11/3

x + 5 = 121/9 x = 121/9 – 5 = 8.44

If we substitute 8.44 in the above equation, we do not get 3. NO SOLUTION

9. Solve the equation containing a rational exponent on the variable. x1/3 = 6

Cubing on both sides: x = 63 = 216

10. Solve the equation containing a rational exponent on the variable. x3/4 = 343

! !
Applying the exponent 4/3 on both sides: x = 343 ! = 7! ! = 74 = 2401

11. Solve the equation by first rewriting the equation as a quadratic equation. 2x4 − 9x2 + 4 = 0

Let x2 = y 2y2 – 9y + 4 = 0 y = ½, 4

x2 = ½ or x2 = 4 Square root on both sides of the two equations

12. Solve the equation by first rewriting the equation as a quadratic equation. 6x6 + x3 − 70 = 0

Let y = x3 6y2 + y – 70 = 0 y = -7/2, 10/3

x3 = -7/2 x3 = 10/3
! ! ! ! ! !" ! ! ! !"
x= − 𝑜𝑟 − x= x = {− , }
! ! ! ! !

N12. 6x6 + x3 − 40 = 0

Let y = x3

6x6 + x3 − 40 = 0 è 6y2 + y – 40 = 0
 Solve for y using quadratic equation

Y = 5/2 y = -8/3

x3 = 5/2 x3 = -8/3

Cube root on both sides and simplify

! ! !
X = , − !
! !

13. Solve the equation by first rewriting the equation as a quadratic equation. 𝟕𝒙 − 𝟑𝟕 𝒙 + 𝟒𝟖 = 𝟎

Let u = 𝑥
.
7u2 − 37u + 48 = 0
(7u − 16)(u − 3) = 0
u = 7/16 or u = 3

!
𝑢= 𝑥= 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 49/256 u = 3 or x = 9 x = {49/256, 9}
!"

14. Maureen can run at a rate that is 2 miles per hour faster than her friend Hector's rate. While training for a mini
marathon, Maureen gives Hector a half-hour head start and then begins chasing Hector on the same route. If Maureen passes
Hector 12 miles from the starting point, how fast is each running?

Let x = Hector’s speed and x + 2 = Maureen’s speed

!" !" !
= + LCD = 2x(x + 2)
! !!! !

12*2(x + 2) = 12*2x + x(x + 2) 24x + 48 = 24x + x2 + 2x x2 + 2x - 48 = 0

(x – 6)(x + 8) = 0 x=6

Hector's speed = 6 mph and Maureen's speed = 8mph

N14. Maureen can run at a rate that is 2 miles per hour faster than her friend Hector's rate. While training for a mini
marathon, Maureen gives Hector a half-hour head start and then begins chasing Hector on the same route. If Maureen passes
Hector 20 miles from the starting point, how fast is each running?
Let Hector’s speed = x Maureen’s speed = x + 2

Distance = 20 Distance = 20

Time = 20/x Distance = 20/(x+2)

!" !" !
= + Solving this equation using LCD 2x(x + 2) gives x = 8
! !!! !

Hector’s speed = x = 8 mph Maureen’s speed = x + 2 = 8 + 2 = 10 mph

15. Parallel processing uses two or more computers, working together, to solve a single problem. Using parallel processing, two
computers can solve a problem in 12 minutes. If, working alone, one computer can solve a problem in 10 minutes less than the
time needed by the second computer, how long would it take the faster computer working alone to solve the problem?

Given, two computers can solve in 12 min Let the 2nd computer can solve in x min and the first computer in x -10

Rate of two computers = 1/12 Rate of 2nd computer = 1/x Rate of first computer = 1/x-10
 ! ! !
= + Multiply the equation by LCD = 12x(x-10)
!" ! !!!"

x(x-10) = 12(x – 10) + 12x x2 – 10x = 12x – 120 + 12x or x2 – 34x + 120 = 0

(x – 30)(x – 4) = 0 x = 30

Faster computer = x – 10 or 30 – 10 = 20 minutes

16. As flour is poured onto a table, it forms a right circular cone whose height is one-third the diameter of the base. What is
the diameter of the base when the cone has a volume of 146 cubic inches? Round to the nearest tenth of an inch.

Let diameter = x Height = x/3 Radius = x/2

! !.!" ! ! ! !.!"!!
Volume = πr ! h = ∗ = = 146
! ! ! ! !"

x3 = 146*36/3.14 = 1673.88 x = 11.9

N16. As flour is poured onto a table, it forms a right circular cone whose height is one-third the diameter of the base.
What is the diameter of the base when the cone has a volume of 150 cubic inches? Round to the nearest tenth of an
inch.
! ! !!
V = 𝜋𝑟 ! ℎ Height (h) is one-third the diameter of the base: h = 𝑑 =
! ! !

! !! !!! !
V = 𝜋𝑟 ! ∗ = 150 or = 150 solving this for r gives, r = 6
! ! !

r = 6 Diameter = 2r = 12 in

Lesson 1.5 Solving Inequalities

1. Use the properties of inequalities to solve the inequality. Write the solution set using set-builder notation.
5x + 6 < 31
Solution or Explanation
5x + 6 < 31
5x < 31 − 6
5x < 25
x < 5
{x|x < 5} (-infinity, 5)

2. Use the properties of inequalities to solve the inequality. Write the solution set using set-builder notation.
−3(x + 2) ≤ 5x + 5

-3x – 6 < 5x + 5 -8x < 11 x > -11/8 [-1.375, infinity) {x| x > -11/8}

3.
Use the properties of inequalities to solve the inequality. Write the solution set using set-builder notation.
3(x + 8) ≤ 5(2x − 7)

3x + 24 < 10x – 35 or -7x < -59 or x > 59/7 [8.42857142, infinity)

4. Solve the compound inequality. Write the solution set using set-builder notation. 8x + 1 > −5 and 4x + 1 ≤ 17

x > -6/8 and x<4 x > -3/4 and x<4

{x| – ¾ < x < 4} (-0.75, 4}

5. Solve the compound inequality. Write the solution set using set-builder notation. 0 ≤ 2x + 10 ≤ 24

Subtract 10 and then divide the inequality by 2: -5 ≤ x ≤ 6 [-5, 6] {x| -5 ≤ x ≤ 6}

6. Solve the compound inequality. Write the solution set using set-builder notation. x + 2 > 6 or x + 3 ≤ 4

x > 4 or x < 1 {x| x > 4 or x < 1} (-infinity, 1]; (4, infinity)

7. Use interval notation to express the solution set of the inequality. (If your answer is not an interval, enter the x-values(s) as a
comma-separated list.) |x − 10| ≥ 2

x – 10 < -2 or x – 10 > 2 x < 8 or x > 12

8. Use interval notation to express the solution set of the inequality. (If your answer is not an interval, enter the x-values(s) as a
comma-separated list.) |3 − 6x| ≤ 9

-9 < 3 – 6x < 9 -12 < – 6x < 6 2 > x > -1 -1 < x < 2 [-1, 2]

9. Use the critical value method to solve the polynomial inequality. Use interval notation to write the solution set. x2 − 49 > 0
(x + 7)(x – 7) > 0 Critical values: -7, 7

_____________________________________________________________

10. Use the critical value method to solve the polynomial inequality. Use interval notation to write the solution set. x2 < −x +
20
x2 + x – 20 < 0 (x + 5)(x – 4) < 0 Critical values: -5, 4

_____________________________________________________________

(-5, 4)

11. Use the critical value method to solve the rational inequality. Write the solution set in interval notation.

x–2/x+3<1 Need zero on the right

!!!
−1 ≤0 Find LCD and Simplify
!!!
 !!!!!(!!!) !!!!!!!! !!
≤0 ≤0 ≤ 0 Critical value: -3
!!! !!! !!!

_____________________________________________________________

12. Use the critical value method to solve the rational inequality. Write the solution set in interval notation.
!(!!!)
>0 Critical values: -3, 0, 9
!!!

_____________________________________________________________

13. Use the critical value method to solve the rational inequality. Write the solution set in interval notation.
! ! !!"!!!"
≥0
!!!
(!!!)(!!!)
≥0 Critical values: -6, -1
!!!

_____________________________________________________________

{−6} ∪ (−1, ∞)

14. An inequality that is used to calculate the height h of an adult male from the length r of his radius is
| h − (3.32r + 85.43) | ≤ 4.57 where h and r are both in centimeters. Use this inequality to estimate the possible range of heights
for an adult male whose radius measures 29.54 centimeters. (Round your answers to one decimal place).

| h − (3.32r + 85.43) | ≤ 4.57 | h − (3.32*29.54 + 85.43) | ≤ 4.57

|h – 183.5| ≤ 4.57 -4.57 ≤ h – 183.5 ≤ 4.57 178.9 ≤ h ≤ 188.1

The potential stature, to the nearest 0.1 cm, is from 178.9 cm to 188.1 cm

15. A shoe manufacturer finds that the monthly revenue R from a particular style of aerobics shoe is given by R = 360x − 3x2,
where x is the price in dollars of each pair of shoes sold. Find the interval, in terms of x, for which the monthly revenue is
greater than or equal to $8,613.

360x − 3x2 > 8613

360x − 3x2 – 8613 > 0 3x2 – 360x + 8613 < 0 x2 – 120x + 2871 < 0

Using the quadratic equation: {$33, $87]

Lesson 1.6 Variation

If y is directly varies as x: y = k x Where k is called variation constant

If y is inversely varies as x: y = k/x

1. Write an equation that represents the relationship between the given variables. Use k as the variation constant.
b varies directly as the square of c. b = c 2k

2. Write an equation that represents the relationship between the given variables. Use k as the variation constant. S is
inversely proportional to t s = k/t

3. Write an equation that represents the relationship between the given variables. Use k as the variation constant. A is directly
proportional to the square of s. A = ks2
4. Write an equation that represents the relationship between the given variables. Use k as the variation constant. A varies
jointly as b and the square of c. A = kbc2

5. Write the equation that expresses the relationship between the variables. (Use k as the variation constant.) r is directly
proportional to the square of p. r = kp2

Use the given data to solve for the variation constant. r = 576 when p = 72.
576 = k*722 576 = 5184k k = 576/5184 or 1/9

6. Write the equation that expresses the relationship between the variables. (Use k as the variation constant.)
!"
d varies directly as f and inversely as the square root of g. d = !

Use the given data to solve for the variation constant. d = 0.09 when f = 9 and g = 0.09.

0.09 = k*9/0.3 k = 0.003

7. Write the equation that expresses the relationship between the variables. (Use k as the variation constant.)
t varies directly as the cube of m and inversely as the square root of s.

Use the given data to solve for the variation constant. t = 10 when m = 5 and s = 0.36.

10 = k*125/0.6 k = 0.048

8. A student plans to transfer from a college that uses the quarter system to a college that uses the semester system. The
number of semester hours a student receives credit for is directly proportional to the number of quarter hours the student has
earned. A student with 36 quarter hours is given credit for 18 semester hours. How many semester hours credit should a
student receive after completing 66 quarter hours?

Q = k*S 36 = k*18 k=2 Q = 2S 66 = 2s s = 33 semester hours

9. The range of a projectile is directly proportional to the square of its velocity. If a motorcyclist can make a jump of 160 feet
by coming off a ramp at 80 mph, find the distance the motorcyclist could expect to jump if the speed coming off the ramp were
increased to 85 mph. Round to the nearest tenth of a foot.

R = k*V2 160 = k*802 k = 0.025 R = 0.025*V2

R = 0.025*852 = 180.6 ft

10. The area of a projected picture on a movie screen varies directly as the square of the distance from the projector to the
screen. If a distance of 20 feet produces a picture with an area of 64 square feet, what distance produces a picture with an
area of 144 square feet?
A = k*d2 64 = k * 202 k = 0.16 A = 0.16* d2

2
144 = 0.16d or d = 30 ft

11. The sound intensity of a jet engine, measured in watts per meter squared (W/m2), is inversely proportional to the square
of the distance between the engine and an airport ramp worker. For a certain jet, the sound intensity measures 0.5 W/m2 at a
distance of 6 meters from the ramp worker. What is the sound intensity for a ramp worker 14 meters from the jet? (Round
your answer to three decimal places.)

I = k/d2 0.5 = k/36 k = 18 I = 18/d2

I = 18/142 = 0.092 W/m2