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Operation Management

The document discusses different types of production methods: job production, mass production, and batch production. It provides details on each type: - Job production involves making one customized product at a time. Mass production continuously produces a high volume of standardized products. Batch production makes small quantities of products in groups based on orders. The document outlines advantages and disadvantages of each type and provides examples of industries that might use each method. It also includes review questions at the end to test understanding of the key concepts.

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Winter Nai
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42 views6 pages

Operation Management

The document discusses different types of production methods: job production, mass production, and batch production. It provides details on each type: - Job production involves making one customized product at a time. Mass production continuously produces a high volume of standardized products. Batch production makes small quantities of products in groups based on orders. The document outlines advantages and disadvantages of each type and provides examples of industries that might use each method. It also includes review questions at the end to test understanding of the key concepts.

Uploaded by

Winter Nai
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial ShareAlike (BY-NC-SA)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

2/17/2020

PRODUCTION METHODS

Outline
Type of production methods
• Job production
• Mass production
• Batch production

Learning Objectives
6-2

• Explain the strategic importance of process


selection.

• Explain the influence that process selection has


on an organization.

• Describe the basic processing types.

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2/17/2020

Production Method
1. Job Shop
- A type of process used to make a one at a time product
exactly to customer specification

2. Mass
- A type of process that operates continually to produce a
high volume of a fully standardized product

3. Batch
- A type of process used to produce a small quantity of
products in groups or batches based on customer order or
specifications

Job production
A type of process used to make a one at a time
product exactly to customer specification

Job production is most often associated with small


firms

Examples include:
•Furniture maker
•Building a new factory
•Installing machinery in a factory

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There are a number of features that should be implemented in a job production


environment, they include:
i. Clear definitions of objectives should be set.
ii. Clearly outlined decision making process.

ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE

High Quality Slow processing time

Customization, Customer Required high level skills


oriented
Flexible – can change design, High cost per unit
order
Workers easily motivated due to Complex planning & scheduling
high labour skills

Mass Production
- also called flow production, repetitive flow production, series
production, or serial production

• A type of process that operates continually to


produce a high volume of a fully standardized
product
- Example: applied to various kinds of products, from fluids and
particles handled in bulk (food, fuel, chemicals, and mined
minerals) to discrete solid parts (fasteners) to assemblies of such
parts (household appliances and automobiles).

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ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE
Low flexibility -difficult to alter
High volume a design or production
Same tool to perform identical or process after a production
near-identical operations line is implemented.
(improve productivity)

probability of human error and all products produced on one


variation is also reduced - production line will be identical
carried out by machinery. or very similar

Reduction cost – labour, tools - High cost of downtime – line


Usually automated stop
Low unit cost
Low labour skills

Batch production
A type of process used to produce a small quantity of products
in groups or batches based on customer order or specifications

-all components are completed at a workstation before they


move to the next one.

- for factory that makes seasonal items or products for which it is


difficult to forecast demand.

Examples:
Bakery
In manufacture of sports shoes, pharmaceutical ingredients, inks,
paints and adhesives.

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ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE
reduce initial capital outlay Downtime – to change die,
(investment) because a single machine for each new batch
production line can be used to
produce several products
can be useful for small businesses equipment must be stopped,
– reduce total loss if found in re-configured, and its output
poor quality(just throw out the tested
batch)

Flexible – can change easily moderate cost per unit,


Moderate volume moderate scheduling
Moderate labour skills complexity

Product and Service Processes


Low Volume High
Process Type
Job Shop Appliance repair Ineffective
Emergency room
Batch Commercial
baking
Classroom
lecture
Repetitive Automotive
assembly
Automatic
carwash
Continuous Ineffective Steel production
Water purification
(flow)

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Assignments
1. Describe batch process and explain two advantages and
disadvantages of this process. (5 marks)
2. Define mass production. State two advantages of mass
production. (3 marks)
3. Compare the characteristics of job and mass production in
term of price per unit, labor skills and processing time. (3
marks)
4. State at least 3 disadvantages of job shop. (3 marks)

11

JOB MASS
Price per unit
Labour skills
Processing time
Flexibility
Volume
Downtime
Good/Service
Variety

12

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