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PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 0
AS 4100-1998 Example 002
WIDE FLANGE MEMBER UNDER BENDING
EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION
The frame object bending strengths are tested in this example.
A continuous column is subjected to factored moment Mx = 1000 kN-m. This
example was tested using the AS 4100-1998 steel frame design code. The design
capacities are compared with independent hand calculated results.
GEOMETRY, PROPERTIES AND LOADING
Mx
L
A A
Section A-A
L=6m
Material Properties Loading Design Properties
E = 200x103 MPa Mx = 1000 kN-m fy = 250 MPa
v = 0.3 Section: 350WC197
G = 76923.08 MPa
TECHNICAL FEATURES TESTED
Section compactness check (bending)
Section bending capacity
Member bending capacity
AS 4100-1998 Example 002 - 1
Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
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RESULTS COMPARISON
Independent results are taken from hand calculations based on the CSI steel
design documentation contained in the file “SFD-AS-4100-1998.pdf,” which is
also available through the program “Help” menu.
Percent
Output Parameter SAP2000 Independent Difference
Compactness Compact Compact 0.00%
Section Bending Capacity,
837.5 837.5 0.00%
Ms,major (kN-m)
Member Bending Capacity, 837.5 837.5 0.00%
Mb (kN-m)
COMPUTER FILE: AS 4100-1998 EX002
CONCLUSION
The results show an exact comparison with the independent results.
AS 4100-1998 Example 002 - 2
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PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
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HAND CALCULATION
Properties:
Material:
fy = 250 MPa
Section: 350WC197
bf = 350 mm, tf = 28 mm, h = 331 mm, tw = 20 mm
I22 = 200,000,000 mm4
Z33 = 2,936,555.891 mm2
S33 = 3,350,000 mm2
J = 5,750,000 mm4
Iw = 4,590,000,000,000 mm6
Member:
le22 = 6000 mm (unbraced length)
Considered to be a braced frame
Loadings:
M m * = 1000 kN-m
This leads to:
M 2 * = 250 kN-m
M 3 * = 500 kN-m
M 4 * = 750 kN-m
Section Compactness:
Localized Buckling for Flange:
(b f − tw ) f y 350 − 20 250
=λe = = 5.89
2•tf 250 2 • 28 250
Flange is under uniform compression, so:
λ ep = 9, λ ey = 16, λ ew = 90
AS 4100-1998 Example 002 - 3
Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 0
=
λ e 5.89 < λ=
ep 9 , No localized flange buckling
Flange is compact
Localized Buckling for Web:
h fy 331 250
=λe = = 16.55
tw 250 20 250
Web is under bending, so:
λ ep = 82, λ ey = 115, λ ew = 180
=
λ e 16.55 <=
λ ep 30 , No localized web buckling
Web is compact.
Section is Compact.
Section Bending Capacity:
Z=
e Z=
c min( S ,1.5Z ) for compact sections
Z=
e 33 Z=
c 33 3,350, 000 mm 2
M=
s 33 = f y Z=
M s ,major e 33 250 • 3,350, 000 /10002
= =
M s 33 M s ,major 837.5 kN-m
Member Bending Capacity:
kt = 1 (Program default)
kl = 1.4 (Program default)
kr = 1 (Program default)
lLTB = le22 = 6000 mm
le = kt kl kr lLTB = 1 • 1.4 • 1 • 6000 = 8400 mm 2
AS 4100-1998 Example 002 - 4
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PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 0
π2 EI 22 π2 EI w
M= = GJ +
l 2
M
le 2
oa o
e
π2 • 2 • 105 • 2 • 108 π2 • 2 • 105 • 4.59 • 1012
M oa =
Mo =
76,923.08 • 5, 750, 000 +
8, 4002 8, 4002
M=
oa =
M o 1786.938 kN-m
2
M
Ms
2
s 837.5 837.5
=α s 0.6 += − + −
M oa 1786.938
3 0.6 3
M oa 1786.938
α s =0.7954
1.7 M m *
=αm ≤ 2.5
( M 2 *) + ( M 3 *) + ( M 4 *)
2 2 2
1.7 • 1000
α=
m = 1.817 ≤ 2.5
( 250 ) + ( 500 ) + ( 750 )
2 2 2
M b = α mα s M s = 0.7954 • 1.817 • 837.5 ≤ M s
=M b 1210.64 kN-m ≤ 837.5 kN-m
AS 4100-1998 Example 002 - 5
