Final: Problems and Answers

1. Consider the triangle with vertices at (1, 0), (−1, 0), and (0, 1):

a) (2 points) Find the area of the triangle.

b) (4 points) Suppose the density (mass per unit area) is ρ(x, y) = x2 . Find the mass of
the triangle.
c) (4 points) Suppose the density is ρ(x, y) = y 2 . Find the mass of the triangle.
Answer: (a) 1. (b) 61 . (c) 16 . Can use symmetry and reduce both (a) and (b) to a single
calculation over a half triangle.
2. The line (x, y, z) = (1 − 2t, 2t − 1, t), with t as the parameter, is denoted by L. The point Q
is (1, 2, 3).
a) (5 points) Find a point P on L such that the line from P to Q is orthogonal (perpen-
dicular) to L.
b) (5 points) Find a point R on L such that the line from R to Q makes an angle equal
to 45o or π/4 with L.
Answer: (a) P = (−1, 1, 1). (b) R = (−3, 3, 2) or R = (1, −1, 0).
3. Consider the solid sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 ≤ 1.
a) (3 points) Find the volume of the sphere above the plane z = √1
2
.
b) (3 points) Find the volume inside the sphere and above the cone z 2 = x2 + y 2 , z ≥ 0.
c) (4 points) The plane √x2 + y + √z2 = 1 cuts the solid sphere into two pieces. Find the
volumes of both the pieces.
(a) . (b) . (c) .
     
2π 1 2π √1 2π 1
Answer:
3
1− √
2 2 3
1− 2 3
1± √
2 2

4. Consider the surface 2z 2 = x4 + y 2 .

a) (2 points) Find the gradient of f (x, y, z) = x4 + y 2 − 2z 2 at (x, y, z) = (1, 1, 1).
b) (2 points) Find the tangent plane to the surface at the point (1, 1, 1).
c) (3 points) Find the area of the tangent plane inside the cylinder x2 + y 2 = 1.
d) (3 points) Find the area of the tangent plane inside the elliptical cylinder x9 + 16 = 1.
2 z2

Answer: (a)∇f = (4x3 , 2y, −4z) = (4, 2, −4). (b) 4x + 2y − 4z = 2. (c) π × 3

2
= 3π
2
. (d)
3.4.π × 13 = 36π .

5. The density (mass per unit area) is ρ(x, y) = 1 throughout this problem.
 a) (1 point) Consider the semi-circular plate x2 + y 2 ≤ a2 with y ≥ 0. Find the mass of
this plate.
b) (4 points) Find the y -coordinate of the center of mass of the plate of part (a).
c) (5 points) Now consider the following half-annular plate (center origin, inner radius 12 ,
outer radius 1):

Find the y -coordinate of the center of mass of this plate.

ȳ 3π 2
× π4
(a) πa2 /2. (b) . (c) ȳ = obtained by solving .
4a 14 + 3π 4
Answer:
3π 9π
4
π
= 3π

6. Consider the vector eld F = (3x2 + 3y)i + (3x + 3y 2 )j.

a) (5 points) Find a potential function f (x, y) such that F = ∇f .
b) (5 points) Evaluate the line integral
ˆ
F · dr,
C

where the curve C is given by r(t) = t2 cos t i + t4 sin t j, 0 ≤ t ≤ π .

Answer: (a) f (x, y) = x3 + 3xy + y 3 . (b) −π 6 .
7. Each part of this problem asks you to evaluate a line integral over a closed curve. The curve
is always assumed to be counterclockwise.
´
a) (3 points) Evaluate −y
C x2 +y 2
dx + x
x2 +y 2
dy with C being x2 + y 2 = 1.
´ (x−1)2
b) (3 points) Evaluate −y
C x2 +y 2
dx + x
x2 +y 2
dy with C being 2
+ (y − 2)2 = 1.
´ −2(y− 1 ) 2(x− 1 )
c) (4 points) Evaluate c (x− 1 )2 +(y−
2
1 2 dx+
)
2
(x− 12 )2 +(y− 12 )2
dy with C being the square joining
2 2
the four points (±1, ±1).
Answer: (a) 2π . (b) 0. (c) 4π .
´´
8. The ux of the vector eld F out of the surface S is given by S
F · n dS , where n is the
outward normal. In each part below, r = x i + y j + z k is the position vector.
a) (2 points) Find the ux of F = r
|r|2
out of the surface x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 1.
b) (2 points) Find the ux of F = r
|r|3
out of the surface x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 1.
c) (3 points) Find the ux of F = (x−z 2 x)i+(z 2 y+y)j+z k out of the surface x2 +y 2 +z 2 =
1.
2 2  2
d) (3 points) Find the ux of F = |r|r3 out of the surface x − 61 + 12 y − 13 + z + 51 =
 

1.
Answer: 4π for all four parts.
9. Let F = yz i + 2xz j + 3xy k be the vector eld for this problem. The surface S is x2 + y 2 = 1
with −1 ≤ z ≤ 1. The surface is a cylinder. The surface is obviously open at the top or the
bottom. As always, the position vector is r = x i + y j + z k.
a) (3 points) The bottom boundary of the surface denoted by C1 is given by x2 + y 2 = 1
and
´ z = −1. The orientation is counterclockwise in the x-y plane. Find the circulation
C1
F · dr.
b) (2 points) The top boundary of the surface denoted by C2 is given by x2 + y 2 = 1
and
´ z = 1. The orientation is counterclockwise in the x-y plane. Find the circulation
C2
F · dr.
c) (5 points) Suppose the unit normal n to the cylindrical
´´ surface S points outward away
from the axis of the cylinder. Calculate the ux S curl F · n dS .
Answer: (a) −π . The curve is r = (cos t, sin t, −1) and F = (− sin t, −2 cos t, 3 sin t cos t)
implying F · dr = (sin2 t − 2 cos2 t)dt. So the answer is −π . (b) π . (c) −2π . Either use
Stokes or evaluate.