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Current Situation of Dairy Industry and Future Concerns
By
Nasar Ullah Khan 08-Arid-269
Pakistan is an agricultural country and Livestock sector is the backbone of the Pakistan’s
agriculture sector. Pakistan is currently the 4th largest milk producing country and is
producing about 33 billion liter milk annually. 97% of the milk used in our country is
informal milk, loose milk, used in villages or sold in cities by milkmen. There are more
than 50 million dairy animals in our country.
10% of total Pakistan’s GDP is obtained from the Agricultural sector. Only milk
contributes more than 27.7% of the total agricultural GDP. According to the latest survey
every Pakistani consumes about 190 Liter milk per year.
Dairy Industry Present Scenario:
From the last some years Govt. of Pakistan with the joint collaboration of private sector,
is working on a 3 phase long duration program. Right now Govt. is working on the
following prospects of dairy development for the up gradation.
Development of Dairy breeds:
Govt. is taking steps to develop the local breeds and improving the present breeds by
importing the semen of the high milk yielding breeds of Australia and U.S.A. Further
more on village level the govt. has also started a progeny testing program for the
development and preservation of local bred traits.
Animal Health:
For the maximum production, animal should be in sound physical health. For this
purpose govt. has established the animal health centers on village level. Govt. has also
established the mobile animal health centers and to maximize the number of trained
people in this field govt. has established new institutes and has started many short
courses.
1. Model Farms:
Govt. is dedicated to improve the present techniques and patterns present in our dairy
industry for the up gradation and to get more milk yield from the existing animal herd.
For this purpose govt. has established more than 1000 model farms in different farm of
country. The goal is to take this number to 2440.
2. Providing the Cooling Tanks:
In Pakistan, where is no basic infrastructure for the commercial dairy industry is present,
now govt. with the collaboration of private sector is offering loan on soft terms so that
dairy farmers and small holders could keep their milk safe for a longer duration and
maximize their profit, More than 6330 cooling tanks were imported for this purpose and
estimated profit of US$ 33million will be acquired per year
3. Peri Urban Dairy Colonies:
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Peri urban animal colonies are constructed for the quick, fresh and continuous supply of
milk to the cities. Govt. officials keep visit these colonies and keep a check on outbreaks
and diseases.
All these are the projects undergoing now a days.
Future Concerns:
In the other two phases of this long term program govt. will be taking these steps.
Phase2:
Bulk Vending of Pasteurized milk:
In 2nd phase of this project govt. will take steps to supply the hygienic, pasteurized milk
to the cities. It will help in the control of diseases, maintenance of quality and as well as
help in prevention of milk for a longer time.
1. Community Farms:
On village level community farms will be established where people will be able to do
joint farming and will get benefit from the farming experience of the other fellow
farmers.
2. Vocational Training:
Vocational programs will be started to train people and to provide better health and
medical facilities at the door steps of the farmers. It will help in farming and maintenance
of the dairy herd.
3. Development of Milk Pocket:
Most of the villages and places, where the milk production is high, are not connected to
the roads. Hence, a lot of milk instead of supplying, is used in local use. Govt. is willing
to create an infrastructure for the better distribution of the milk pocket.
Phase3:
1. Biogas:
Fuel prices are increasing day by day. To fulfill the increasing demand of the biogas is a
good option govt. with the collaboration of private sector is offering loan. But in this
phase govt. will place these plants in every village so that the burden on the notational
reserves could be lessened and to make them independent.
2. Mobile Milk Collection Units:
Govt. will further more provide the vehicles to the farmers so that they can supply milk to
the cities. And this will increase the profit of the farmers as well as eliminate the role of
middle man and will help in enhancing the milk quality. 2100 mobile collecting units will
be built for this purpose.
Things still need to be noticed:
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1. Fodder Availability:
In Pakistan the fodder cultivated area is gradually decreasing. The fodder availability
decreases very much twice an year. For this govt. should introduce new fodder types to
fulfill the requirement of the animal herd round the year.
2. Mixed Framing System:
In Pakistan, it’s noticed that the number of buffalo is increasing gradually and the cattle
are being neglected due to less milk fat. As buffalo is a seasonal breeding animal so
mixed farming should be encouraged to fulfill the requirement of milk especially when
most of the buffalos are dried in the summer season.
3. Value of Buffalo Milk:
Buffalo milk has high fat percentage. So, it should have a higher price then other milks
but on govt. level there is no policy and differentiation between the milk on the basis of
milk fat. So policies should the implanted to differentiate between the buffalo milk and
other milks to maximize the profit of the buffalo holders.
4. Attracting the Foreign Investors:
Pakistan dairy sector has great potential but the lack of investment and ne techniques are
the stone in the way of development of this sector. So the govt. should make policies so
the foreign investors could be attracted to the Pakistan. I will increase the foreign
exchange resources as well as increase the no of skilled people in the dairy sector.
5. Work on Local Diseases:
Local vaccine manufacturing companies are not performing their duties well. Due to this
reason we import the foreign vaccines and use lot of money on it. These foreign vaccines
are costly and sometimes not much effective in our environment. So there should be
research on the local diseases and make effective and new vaccines for the diseases
present in Pakistan. We can earn profit by exporting these vaccines to the Middle East
countries, Iran and Afghanistan etc.
6. Extension & Research sector Coordination:
Another big problem is that there is less or no coordination between the research sector
and the extension department. The extension department still uses old techniques. So
there should be coordination between the extension department and research department
for the introduction of new technology and techniques for the development of the local
dairy sector.
If all these planning and phases of the long term project keep working Pakistan
would be able to produce about 40 billion liter milk per year. And we will also be able to
export and increase the part of the dairy sector in the GDP.
References
1. Doodah Darya. White pages on Pakistan Dairy
2. Daily Times, Govt. steps for dairy industry by Razi Syed, June 30, 2009.
3. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, Review Dairy industry in
Pakistan by Sarwar, M.A. Khan.
4. Daily Dawn, Dairy Industry Grows in Pakistan, 25 Jun, 2009
5. Daily Times, Pakistan Govt. to develop 1000 model farms, 28 Feb. 2008
