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15 STEPS OF ANALYSING A POEM
BY E MMA NUEL K ACHE L E
STEP 1: Background of the Poet
Author’s Short History. Here the
reader gives the background
information of the poet. This
information helps the reader to
connect the life of the poet with
his/her works of art.
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STEP 2: Title of the Poem
Title. This leads to the discussion of
whether the title reflects what is
conveyed in the work of art. Most
literary titles are symbolic, figurative,
ironical, or satirical.
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STEP 3: Paraphrase of the Poem
Brief Summary/Paraphrase of the
poem. This part deals with the short
synopsis of the particular poem. It
mostly begins with ‘The poem is
about…..’
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STEP 4: Persona of the Poem
Persona. (Who is speaking in the
poem). Here we tell the state or
condition of the speaker, not a poet,
poet’s name. For example, the state or
condition of the speaker may be
oppressed, tortured, or humiliated
condition.
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STEP 5: Addressee of the Poem
Addressee. (Whom the speaker is
speaking to). Here we also tell the
state or condition of the one who is
being spoken to, that is the audience
or the reader. For example, the state of
an addressee may be a speaker’s
fellow who is oppressed, humiliated,
and tortured like the speaker.
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STEP 6: Tone of the Poet
Tone. Tone of the poet towards the
audience and the subject matter.
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STEP 7: Mood of the Poem
Mood. Mood of the poem is the feeling
the poem creates to the readers.
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STEP 8: Structure of the Poem
Structure/Form of the poem. The
way the poem is organized into how
many stanzas or verses.
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STEP 9: Kind of the Poem
Kind of the poem. This is the
description of the type of the poem in
concern.
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STEP 10: Sound Devices of the Poem
Sound/Musical devices of the poem.
The reader should understand the
sound and rhythm of the poem
through identifying various aspects
like alliteration, assonance, repetition,
rhyming and refrain.
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STEP 11: Language of the Poem
Language and imagery. This deals
with the poet’s application of language
in his/her poem.
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STEP 12: Themes of the Poem
Themes found in the poem. This
includes the issues that are addressed
by the poet.
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STEP 13: Message of the Poem
Message of the poem. This is what is
communicated or conveyed in the
poem or an underlying theme that can
be drawn from the poem.
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STEP 14: Lesson(s) of the Poem
Lesson of the poem. This is
something learned or to be learned
from the poem.
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STEP 15: Relevance of the Poem
Relevance of the poem. This shows
whether the poem reflects the
experiences of the contemporary
societies.
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Thank you
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