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Numerical Methods NA Lab Assignment

The document describes several numerical methods for solving equations and calculating integrals including the bisection method, Simpson's 1/3 rule, Simpson's 3/8 rule, trapezoidal rule, regula false method, and Euler's method. For each method, it provides the mathematical formulas and MATLAB code to demonstrate solving an example problem numerically with that method.

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Muhammad Irfan Malik
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98 views

Numerical Methods NA Lab Assignment

The document describes several numerical methods for solving equations and calculating integrals including the bisection method, Simpson's 1/3 rule, Simpson's 3/8 rule, trapezoidal rule, regula false method, and Euler's method. For each method, it provides the mathematical formulas and MATLAB code to demonstrate solving an example problem numerically with that method.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Irfan Malik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Bisection Method

Function file:

F= @(x) (x.^3)-(x.^2)+x-7
x_lower=0;
x_upper=5;
x_mid=(x_lower+x_upper)/2;

while abs(F(x_mid))>0.01
if (F(x_mid)*F(x_upper))<0
x_lower=x_mid
else
x_upper=x_mid
end
x_mid=(x_lower+x_upper)/2;
end
fprintf('the root is %g\n',x_mid)

F=

function_handle with value:

@(x)(x.^3)-(x.^2)+x-7

Command Window:

x_upper =

2.5000

x_lower =

1.2500

x_lower =

1.8750

x_upper =

2.1875

x_lower =

2.0313
x_upper =

2.1094

x_lower =

2.0703

x_lower =

2.0898

x_lower =

2.0996

the root is 2.10449


>>

Simpson 1/3 Rule

Function file:

% I=h/3[f(xo)+4{f(x1)+f(x3)+....+f(x(n-1))}
% +2{f(x2)+f(x4)+...+f(x(n-2))}+f(xn)]; (n always even)
clear,clc
f=@(x) 1/(1+x^2);
xo=input('Enter the lower limit:');
xn=input('Enter the upper limit:');
n=input('Enter the Number of intervals:');
h=(xn-xo)/n;
s=f(xo)+f(xn);
for i=1:2:n-1;
s=s+4*f(xo+i*h);
end
for j=2:2:n-2
s=s+2*f(xo+j*h);
end
I=h/3*s;
fprintf('\nFinal Result by Simpson Method: %i\n',I)

command window:

Enter the lower limit:0


Enter the upper limit:10
Enter the Number of intervals:10
Final Result by Simpson Method: 1.431666e+00

%Integration by Simpson's 3/8 method

Function file:

display('Equation is 1/(1+x^2)')
xl=input('Enter lower limit:');
xu=input('Enter upper upper limit: ');
n=input('Enter number of subintervals: ');
h=(xu-xl)/n;
x=xl+h;
integ=equan(xl)+equan(xu);
i=1;
while (x<xu)
if (i<=2)
integ=integ+3*equan(x);
i=i+1;
else
integ=integ+2*equan(x);
i=1;
end
x=x+h;
end
integ=integ*3*h/8
% Equation to be solved
function[eqn]=equan(x);
eqn=1/(1+x^2);
end
command window

Equation is 1/(1+x^2)
Enter lower limit:0
Enter upper upper limit: 10
Enter number of subintervals: 10

integ =

1.4199

Trapezoidal Rule

Function file:

%I=h/2[f(x0)+2{f(x1)+f(x2)....+f(x(n-1))}+f(xn)]
f= @(x) 1/(1+(x^2))
x0=input('Enter the lower limit:')
xn=input('Enter the upper limit:')
n=input('Enter the number of intervals:')
h=(xn-x0)/n;
s=f(x0)+f(xn);
for i=1 : n-1
s=s+2*f(x0+i*h);
end
I=(h/2)*s
fprintf('final resultby trapezoidal rule is:%i',I)

Command Window:

f=

function_handle with value:

@(x)1/(1+(x^2))

Enter the lower limit:0

x0 =

Enter the upper limit:1

xn =

Enter the number of intervals:6

n=

I=

0.7842

final result by trapezoidal rule is:7.842408e-01>>

Regula Faslse Method

Function file:
x1=input('enter value of x1=')
x2=input('enter value of x2=')
n=input('number of iteration=')
f=inline('x^3-4*x-9')
y1=f(x1);
y2=f(x2);
while y1*y2>0
x1=input('enter value of x1 again=')
x2=input('enter value of x2 again=')
y1=f(x1)
y2=f(x2);
end
for i=1:n
x3=(x2*y1-x1*y2)/(y1-y2);
y3=f(x3)
if y1*y3<0
x2=x3;
y2=f(x2);
else
x1=x3;
y1=y3;
end
end
x3

Command Window:

enter value of x1=1

x1 =

enter value of x2=2

x2 =

number of iteration=3

n=

f=

Inline function:
f(x) = x^3-4*x-9
enter value of x1 again=1

x1 =

enter value of x2 again=2

x2 =

y1 =

-12

enter value of x1 again=1

x1 =

enter value of x2 again=2

x2 =

y1 =

-12

enter value of x1 again=

>>
Euler's Method

Function file:

% Initial conditions and setup


h =input('enter step size:'); % step size
x =input('enter the starting value of x:'):h:input('enter the ending value of x:'); % the range of x
y = zeros(size(x)); % allocate the result y
y(1) =input('enter the starting value of y:'); % the initial y value
n = numel(y); % the number of y values
% The loop to solve the DE
for i=1:n-1
f = (3*((x(i))^2))+y(i)
y(i+1) = y(i) + h * f;
end

Command Window:

>> clear
enter step size:0.2
enter the starting value of x:2
enter the ending value of x:4
enter the starting value of y:1

f=

13

f=

18.1200

f=

24.5040

f=

32.4048

f=

42.1258

f=

54.0309

f=

68.5571

f=

86.2285
f=

107.6742

f=

133.6491

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