Republic of the Philippines

JOSE RIZAL MEMORIAL STATE UNIVERSITY

LEGAL MEDICINE

1) Assuming a crime of homicide was committed using a firearm, which of the following is considered a relevant question?
a) What is your name? c) Do you know how to use a gun?
b) Did you kill Mr. A? d) What is the nature of your work?
2) Assuming a crime of homicide was committed using a firearm, which of the following is considered an irrelevant question?
a) Did you witness the killing of Mr. A? c) Do you know how to use a gun?
b) Did you kill Mr. A? d) What is the nature of your work?
3) Assuming a crime of homicide was committed using a firearm, which of the following is considered a control question?
a) What is your name? c) Do you know how to use a gun?
b) Did you kill Mr. A? d) What is the nature of your work?
4)Takes place when there is minimal tissue loss, more approximation of the edges and without significant bacterial contamination.
a) Healing by Primary (First) Intention c) Aberrated Healing Process
b) Healing by Secondary Intention d) All of the Options
5)It is the a large bulging tumorous scar produced by an abnormal amount of collagen in the connective tissue.
a) Formation of Excessive Granulation Tissue c) Fistula or Sinus Formation
b) Keloid Formation d) Stricture
6)Indication that a wound was inflicted Ante-Mortem
a) Hemorrhage slight or none at all and always venous c) No inflammation or reparative processes
b) Deep staining of the edges and cellular tissues not removed by washing d) None of the options
7) Indication that the wound was inflicted Post-Mortem
a) Marks of spouting of blood from arteries c) Blood is not clotted or a soft clot
a) Edges gape owing to the reaction of the skin and muscle fibers d) Inflammation and reparative processes
8) Handwriting by the person who is suspected to have written the questioned document. This may be found in the private or
public records of the persons.
a) Requested Standard b) Collected Standards c) Both A and B d) None of the options
9)Physical injury which is located at the site of application of force
a) Coup injury b) Contre - coup injury c) Coup contre - coup injury d) Extensive injury
10)Physical injury located at site and also opposite the site of application of force
a) Contre - coup injury b) Coup contre - coup injury c) Extensive injury d) Locus Minoris Resistencia
11) General term applied to all forms of violent death which results primarily from interference with the process of respiration or
the condition in which the supply of oxygen to the blood or to the tissues or both has been reduced below normal level.
a) Anorexia b) Aphrixia c) Asphyxia d) Anoxia
12) A form of violent death brought about by the suspension of the body by a ligature which encircles the neck and the
constricting force is the weight of the body.
a) Asphyxia By Hanging c) Asphyxia by Strangulation
b) Asphyxia by Suffocation d) None of the options
13) The following are evidence in support of homicidal hanging, except:
a) Presence of defense wounds in the body of the victim
b) Presence of stains, bodily injuries in the body of the victim
c) Presence of signs of struggle
d) None of the options
14) The exclusion of air from the lungs by closure of air openings or obstruction of the air passageway from the external
openings to the air sacs.
a) Asphyxia by Strangulation c) Asphyxia by Drowning
b) Asphyxia by Suffocation d) Asphyxia by Hanging
15) A form of asphyxial death caused by the closing of the external respiratory orifices, either by the use of the hand or by some
other means.
a) Choking b) Drowning c) Smothering d) Strangulation
16) A form of suffocation brought about by the impaction of foreign body in the respiratory passage.
a) Smothering b) Choking c) Submersion d) Strangulation
17) Any person who shall shoot at another with any firearm unless the facts of the case are such that the act can be held to
constitute frustrated or attempted parricide, murder, homicide or any other crime for which higher penalty is prescribed by
any of the articles of the Code.
a) Alarms and Scandal b) Discharge of Firearm c) Grave Threat d) Disturbance of Order
18) The greater the number of points of similarities and dissimilarities of two persons compared, the greater is the probability for
the conclusion to be correct.
a) Importance of Identification c) Identification by Comparison
b) Law of Multiplicity of Evidence in Identification d) Identification by Exclusion
19) Identification criteria recovered during investigation are compared with records available in the file.
a) Identification by Comparison c) Identification thru Occupational Marks
b) Identification by Exclusion d) Identification by Description
20) The dehydration of the whole body which results in the shivering and preservation of the body.
a) Putrefaction b) Saponification c) Maceration d) Mummification
21) A condition wherein the fatty tissues of the body are transformed to soft brownish-white substance known as adipocere.
a) Saponification b) Maceration c) Mummification d) Putrefaction
22) The softening of the tissues when in a fluid medium in the absence of putrefactive microorganism which is frequently
observed in the death of the fetus en utero.
a) Mummification b) Adipocere Formation c) Saponification d) Maceration
23) Deliberate and painless acceleration of death of a person usually suffering from an incurable and distressing disease.
a) Mercy Killing b) Smothering c) Euthanasia d) Both A and C
24) The criminal liability of a person is extinguished by death.
a) The above statement is TRUE c) The above statement is FALSE
b) Civil personality is not extinguished by death d) A natural person does not die
25) The civil personality of a natural person is extinguished by death.
a) The above statement is TRUE c) The above statement is FALSE
b) Civil personality is not extinguished by death d) A natural person does not die
26) The state of the body in which there is complete, persistent and continuous cessation of the vital functions of the brain, heart
and lungs which maintain life and death.
a) Apparent Death b) State of Suspended Animation c) Clinical Death d) Cellular Death
27) The means employed to prove a fact that is medical in nature
a) Evidence b) Legal Medicine c) Medical Jurisprudence d) Medical Evidence
28) These are physical evidence which may assist the investigator in locating the suspect.
a) Tracing Evidence b) Corpus Delicti Evidence c) Autoptic Evidence d) Associative Evidence
29) Is a condition of a female who has not experienced sexual intercourse and whose genital organs have not been altered by
carnal knowledge.
a) Defloration b) Virginity c) Inexperienced d) Innocence
30) A condition where a woman is conscious of the nature of the sexual life but has not experienced sexual intercourse.
a) Moral Virginity b) Physical Virginity c) Demi-Virginity d) Virgo Intacta
31) Rough drawing of the scene or object to be preserved is done. It must be simple, identifying significant items and with exact
measurement.
a) Description b) Sketching c) Drafting d) Outlining
32) A sketch made at the crime scene or during examination of living or dead body.
a) Rough Sketch b) Draft c) Finished Sketch d) Description
33) The following are causes of physical injuries except:
a) Infection b) Chemical energy c) Heat or cold d) None of the options
34) It is the disruption of the anatomic integrity of tissue in the body.
a) Wound b) Injury c) Contusion d) Trauma
35) Wounding agent produces communication between the inner and outer portion of the hollow organs. Traversing or piercing
completely a particular part of body.
a) Superficial Wound b) Perforating Wound c) Patterned Wound d) Deep Wound
36) Injuries suffered by a person to avoid or repel potential injury from aggressor.
a) Defense wound b) Patterned wound c) Self inflicted wound d) Perforating Wound
37) Wound in the nature and shape of an object or instrument and which infers the object or instrument causing it.
a) Perforating Wound b) Patterned wound c) Deep Wound d) Self inflicted wound
38) A wound produced on oneself.
a) Penetrating Wound b) Self inflicted wound c) Patterned Wound d) Deep Wound
39) Evidence showing that the gunshot wound is homicidal
a) disturbance of the surroundings c) shot is usually solitary
b) no special area of body involved d) suicide note
40) Evidences to show that the wound is accidental
a) disturbance of the surroundings c) shot is usually solitary
b) no special area of body involved d) suicide note
41)Which among the following is an indication that a wound is homicidal?
a) Located over a vital part of the body
b) Presence of a motive for self-destruction
c) No disturbance in the death scene, wounding instrument is found near the victim
d) Located on different parts of the body or on parts where vital organs are located
42)The disturbance of fluid balance resulting to peripheral deficiency which is manifested by the decreased volume of blood,
reduced volume of flow, hemoconcentration and rental deficiency.
a) Shock b) Embolism c) Anoxemia d) Hemorrhage
43)Reduction of effective volume of oxygen carrying capacity of the blood.
a) Anorexia b) Anoxemia c) Shock d) Embolism
44)The extravasation or loss of blood from the circulation brought about by wounds in the cardio-vascular system.
a) Embolism b) Trauma c) Infection d) Hemorrhage
45) It is the appearance, growth and development of microorganisms at the site of the injury.
a) Infection b) Trauma c) Hemorrhage d) Embolism
46) Carnal knowledge means:
a) knowledge about the nature of sexual life
b) rupture of the hymen
c) slightlest penetration of the female sexual organ by the male sex organ
d) full penetration is necessary
47) A common law husband who kills his common law wife with whom he has a 2 day-old child can be prosecuted for:
a) Infanticide b) Parricide c) Homicide d) Impossible crime
48) The following manner of death should be autopsied, except:
a) Suicides b) Death unattended by a physician c) Accidental death d) Death occurring in a natural manner
49) Accidental death of a young child by suffocation, either from the pressure of the beddings and pillows or from the pressure of
the unconscious mother is called:
a) Battering b) Overlaying c) Burking d) Mugging
50) This type of criminal offender commits a crime with motive or intention and with full possession of their mental faculties:
a) Ordinary offenders b) Rational offenders c) Professional offenders d) Non-emotional offenders
51) A male intern had sexual intercourse with a female patient with her consent. Under what circumstance would this be
considered rape?
 a) The intern promised to marry her
b) The patient is feeble minded
c) The patient is his wife from whom he is legally separated
d) The patient is above 18 years of age
52) It is the prominence of superficial veins with reddish discoloration due to the process of decomposition which develops on
both flanks of the abdomen:
a) Putrefaction b) Marbolization c) Adipose formation d) Maceration
53) Mang Andres disappeared and has not been heard of since 2013. His wife filed a petition to declare him dead. Can the
petition be granted by the Court? Can Mang Andres be considered dead?
a) Yes b) No c) It depends upon the Court d) It depends upon the Judge
54) In the preceding problem, if Mang Andres disappeared in 2009, can he already be declared dead for all purposes?
a) Yes b) No c) It depends upon the Court d) It depends upon the Judge
55) With respect to the problem in No. 70, can Mang Andres’ property be divided among his heirs?
b) Yes b) No c) It depends upon the Court d) It depends upon the Judge
56) When can a person be considered dead for all purposes, except succession?
a) 4 years b) 5 years c) 7 years d) 10 years
57) When can the heirs of a missing person divide the latter’s property?
a) After the absence of 4 years c) After the absence of 7 years
b) After the absence of 5 years d) After the absence of 10 years
58) Gunshot wound of exit is generally larger than the wound of entry.
a) True b) False c) Both A and B d) None of the options
59) If the number of gunshot wounds of entrance and exit found in the body of the victim is even the presumption is that no bullet
is lodged in the body, but if the number of the gunshot wounds of entrance and exit is odd, the presumption is that one or
more bullets might have been lodged in the body.
a) Odd and Even Rule b) Odd number Rule c) Even Number Rule d) All of the Options
60) Instances when the Number of Gunshot wounds of Entrance is Less than the Number of Gunshot Wounds of Exit in the Body
of the Victim
a) One of the bullets might have entered a natural orifice of the body
b) When one or more bullets are not through and through and the bullet is lodged in the bodY.
c) Near fire with a blank cartridge produced a wound of entrance but no slug may be recovered.
d) When different shots produced different wounds of entrance but two or more shots produced a common exit wound
61) Instances when the Number of Gunshot wounds of Entrance is More than the Number of Gunshot Wounds of Exit in the
Body of the Victim
a) When all of the bullets produce through and through wounds but one or more made an exit in the natural orifices
of the body.
b) One of the bullets might have entered a natural orifice of the body
c) There might be two or more bullets which entered the body through a common entrance and later making individual exit
wounds.
d) There might be two or more bullets which entered the body through a common entrance and later making individual exit
wounds.
62) Instances when there is No Gunshot wound of Exit but the Bullet is Not Found in the Body of the Victim
a) One of the bullets might have entered a natural orifice of the body
b) There might be two or more bullets which entered the body through a common entrance and later making individual exit
wounds.
c) There might be two or more bullets which entered the body through a common entrance and later making individual exit
wounds.
d) Near fire with a blank cartridge produced a wound of entrance but no slug may be recovered.
63) Wounds capable of causing death immediately after infliction or shortly thereafter
a) Mortal wound b) Non - mortal wound c) Perforating Wound d) Penetrating wound
64) Wounds not capable of causing death immediately
a) Non - mortal wound b) Perforating Wound c) Mortal wound d) Patterned wound
65) Wounds where only the layers of skin are affected.
a) Deep Wound b) Perforating Wound c) Superficial Wound d) Penetrating Wound
66) A wound where dimension of depth and direction is an important factor in its description.
a) Patterned Wound b) Deep Wound c) Penetrating Wound d) Penetrating wound
67) All are Purposes of Handwriting Examination except:
a) Whether the document was written by the suspect
b) Whether the document was written by the person whose signature it bears
c) Whether the document such as bills, receipts, suicide notes or checks are genuine or a forgery
d) None of the options
68) The genuineness of any disputed writing may be proven by any of the following ways except one:
a) Acknowledgment of the alleged writer c) Statement of the witness who has not seen the writing
b) Opinion of an expert d) Opinion of persons who are familiar with the handwriting
69) All are Practical Uses of Handwriting Examination except:
a) Robberies b) Anonymous threatening letters c) Financial crime d) None of the options
70) When an accident has been caused by defective roads or any absence of road signs, that accident can be said to have occurred
due to what factor?
a) Human b) Mechanical c) Environmental d) Social
71) During a trip, the bus met an accident. It was eventually found out that it had defective brakes. Such accident can be
attributed to:
a) Environmental Factor b) Social Factor c) Mechanical Factor d) Human Factor
72)An instrument which can cause a punctured wound-
a) Iron bar b) Fang of animal c) Wood d) Fist blow
73)An instrument which can cause a lacerated wound:
 a) Spear b) fist blow c) nail d) fang of animal
74)An instrument which can cause an incised wound
a) Needle b) Knife c) Ice pick d) Butt of firearm
75)An instrument which can cause contusion
a) Baseball bat b) Pointed stick c) Sharp objects d) None of the Options
76)All of the following describes an incised wound except:
a) Knife b) Cutter c) Broken glass d) None of the options
77)Destruction of the blood vessel wall or increase permeability of its wall due to external force.
a) Embolism b) Shock c) Hemorrhage d) Trauma
78) Interrogator must create a mood that is conducive to confession
a) Stern approach b) Scientific Interrogation c) Emotional appeal d) None of the options
79) Questions must be answered clearly, and the interrogator utilizes harsh language.
a) Mutt and Jeff technique b) Scientific Interrogation c) Bluff on split-pair technique d) Stern approach
80) Verbal, accurate and picturesque description of the person identified.
a) Portrait Parle b) Spoken Picture c) Identification by Description d) Both A and B
81) A way of preserving body be injecting formalin and perchloride of mercury or arsenic in the common arteries and the femoral
arteries
a) Inhumation b) Burial c) Embalming d) Cremation
82) It is the science of giving a wise interpretation of the law and making just application of them to all cases as they arise.
a) Forensics b) Criminalistics c) Jurisprudence d) Medicine
83) A physician who specializes or is involved primarily with medico-legal duties.
a) Medico-legal Officer b) Medical Examiner c) Medical Jurist d) All of the options
84) Rule of conduct, just and obligatory, laid down by legitimate authority for common observance and benefit.
a) Jurisprudence b) Evidence c) Law d) Standard
85) Evidence made known or addressed to the senses of the court.
a) Medical Evidence b) Experimental Evidence c) Real Evidence d) Testimonial Evidence
86) A physician’s testimony is regarded as ___________________.
a) Physical Evidence b) Testimonial Evidence c) Experimental Evidence d) Autoptic Evidence
87) It is the identification, collection, preservation and mode of presentation of physical evidence. It is the application of sciences
such as physics, chemistry, medicine and other biological sciences in crime detection and investigation.
a) Evidence b) Criminalistics c) Legal Medicine d) Medico-Legal Examination
88) A science and art dealing with preventation, cure and alleviation of disease.
a) Forensics b) Criminalistics c) Medical Jurisprudence d) Medicine
89) Objects or substances which may be a part of the body of the crime.
a) Associative Evidence b) Tracing Evidence c) Corpus Delicti Evidence d) Physical Evidence
90) Associative Evidence- these are physical evidence which link a suspect to the crime.
a) Autoptic Evidence b) Associative Evidence c) Tracing Evidence d) Corpus Delicti Evidence
91)A condition in which foreign matters are introduced in the blood stream causing sudden block to the blood flow in the finer
arterioles and capillaries
a) Anoxemia b) Hemorrhage c) Embolism d) Trauma
92)It is the replacement of destroyed tissue by newly formed similar tissue
a) Replacement b) Recuperation c) Regeneration d) All of the Options
93) It is redness or congestion of the area due to an increase of blood supply as a part of reparative machine
a) Calor b) Rubor c) Dolor d) Palor
94) It means sensation of heat or increase in temperature
a) Calor b) Rubor c) Dolor d) Palor
95) Pain on account of involvement of sensory nerve
a) Calor b) Rubor c) Dolor d) Palor
96) On account of trauma, tissue may not be able to function normally. This is known as-
a) loss of function b) malfunction c) deficiency d) injury
97) It is the breaking down of the complex proteins into simpler components associated with the evolution of foul smelling
gasses and accompanied by the change of color of the body.
a) Decomposition b) Putrefaction c) Mummification d) Saponification
98) A burial ground shall at least be ________ distant from any dwelling house and no house shall be constructed within the
same distance from any burial ground.
a) 50 meters b) 25 meters c) 20 meters d) 5 meters
99) No burial ground shall be located within ________ from either side of a river or within 50 meters from any source of water
supply.
a) 100 meters b) 50 meters c) 25 meters d) 20 meters
100) Pulverization of the body into ashes by the application of heat. Body must first be identified and there must be a
permit for cremation.
a) Embalming b) Inhumation c) Exhumation d) Cremation

GOOD LUCK and GOD BLESS!

Prepared by:

Aries C. Tenorio, RN, Ll.B