7
Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 2:
Solving Problems Involving
Sets with the Use
of Venn Diagrams
1
Mathematics – Grade 7
Quarter 1 – Module 2: Solving Problems Involving Sets with the Use of Venn Diagrams
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Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad
Assistant Regional Director: Jessie L. Amin
Development Team of the Module
Writer: Rizalyn D. Patingo
Editor: Lilli Ann O. Hermogenes
Reviewer: Dioleta B. Borais
2
GRADE 7 (QUARTER 1)
MODULE 2
SOLVING PROBLEMS INVOLVING SETS WITH THE USE OF VENN DIAGRAMS
I. Introduction:
In Module 1, you have illustrated well-defined sets, subsets, cardinality of sets,
union and intersection of sets and the difference of two sets. Venn diagrams were used to
represent union and intersection of sets and the difference of two sets. In this module, you
will apply the basic concepts on sets in solving problems using Venn diagrams.
Can you solve problems involving sets with the use of Venn diagram?
II. Objective:
After performing the activities in this module, you are expected to solve problems
involving sets with the use of Venn diagrams.
III. Vocabulary List:
As you perform the activities in this module, you need to be familiar with the words
that you will encounter here:
1. A Venn diagram is an illustration in which geometric figures such as circles and
rectangles are used to represent sets. One use of Venn diagrams is to illustrate the
effects of set operations.
2. A set is a well-defined group of objects, called elements that share a common
characteristic.
3. Set F is a subset of set A if all elements of F are also elements of A. For example, the
even numbers 2, 4 and 12 all belong to the set of whole numbers. Therefore, the even
numbers 2, 4, and 12 form a subset of the set of whole numbers. F is a proper subset of
A if F does not contain all elements of A.
4. Let A and B be sets. The union of the sets A and B, denoted by A∪ B, is the set that
contains those elements that belong to A, B, or to both.
5. Let A and B be sets. The intersection of the sets A and B, denoted by A ∩ B, is the set
containing those elements that belong to both A and B.
IV. PRE-TEST:
1. Illustrate a Venn diagram for this group of sets.
U = {x/x is a letter in the English alphabet}
A = {x/x is a distinct letter in the word MASBATE}
B = {x/x is the vowel in the English alphabet}
2. Create a Venn diagram to show the relationship among the sets.
U is the set of whole numbers from 1 to 15.
A is the set of multiples of 3.
B is the set of primes.
C is the set of odd numbers.
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3. Illustrate in Venn diagram this problem:
In a class of 50 students, each of the students joined either the Math Club or Science
Club or both. 10 students joined in both and 28 joined in science. How many joined
the Math Club? Illustrate this in Venn Diagram.
4. Refer to the Venn diagram below:
a. Illustrate Set Y
b. Illustrate n(X)
c. Illustrate n(Y)
d. Are X and Y joint sets?
e. What element is common to X and Y?
5. Illustrate:
U = {1, 2, 3, …, 8, 9, 10}
E = {x/x is an even number}
M = {1, 3, 5, …,9}
V. Learning Activities
1. With the use of Venn diagram, we can illustrate sets, its subsets, its relationships
and its operations. We can solve problems by using our knowledge on sets and
Venn diagram. What is Venn diagram?
A Venn diagram is a visual illustration that uses circles and rectangle to show
relationship among sets.
The rectangle represents the universal set.
Circles represent subsets.
The two subsets have no elements in common.
The two sets have elements in common.
Example a: Illustrate a Venn diagram for this group of sets.
U = {x/x is a distinct letter in the word: alphabet}
A = {x/x is a distinct letter in the word: heal}
B = {x/x is the vowel in the English alphabet}
• Illustrate U in roster notation U = {a, l, p, h, b, e, t}
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• Illustrate A in roster notation A = {h, e, a, l}
• Illustrate B in roster notation B = {a, e, i, o, u}
• List down the common elements e, a
• Construct the Venn diagram. Label the rectangle and circles. As there are elements
common to A and B, the circles intersect.
Your Venn diagram looks like this:
p
l a u b
o
h e i
t A B
U
2. You have just learned that aside from roster and rule-builder notations, sets,
universal set, subsets and joint sets can be illustrated using Venn diagram.
Venn diagram can also be used in illustrating operations on sets which is needed in
solving problems involving sets.
• The union of sets, say A U B, is illustrated in this Venn diagram:
A B
AUB
• The union of sets, say A ∩ B, is illustrated in this Venn diagram:
A B
A∩B
Example b:
Given: D = {week days of the week} Monday
E = {weekends of the week} Tuesday Saturday
Illustrate: D U E Wednesday
Let us illustrate sets D and E in Venn diagram: Thursday Sunday
• Draw the rectangle. Friday
• Draw the circle representing Set A
• Draw the circle representing Set B D E
5
DUE
Example c:
Given:
M = {x/x is a prime number between 1 and 10}
N = {x/x is an even number from 1 to 10}
Illustrate M∩ N in Venn diagram
• List down the elements of each set
• Identify the elements common to M and N
M = {2, 3, 5, 7}
N = {2, 4, 6, 8}
Common element: 2 5 6
M∩ N: 3 2 4
7 8
M N
Example d:
Given: Sets A, B and U in a Venn diagram.
Illustrate A ∩ B.
Illustrate A U B
• List down the elements of Set A: A = { a, b, c, d, e}
• List down the elements of Set B: B = {i, o, u, e}
A ∩ B = {e}
A U B = {a, b, c, d, e, i, o, u}
Practice Task 1:
1. Illustrate this in Venn diagram:
U = {2, 4, 6, …, 16, 18, 20}
F = {x/x is a factor of 16}
G = { 10, 20}
2. Use Venn diagram to illustrate the relationship of each group of sets.
U = {x/x is a number divisible by 2 but less than 30}
A = {2, 6, 10, 14, 18, 22, 26}
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B = {even numbers greater than 10 but less than 22}
3. Sets A and B are subsets of U in the given Venn diagram.
a. Illustrate A in roster notation
b. Illustrate B in roster notation
c. Establish the relationship among sets A, B and U.
Practice Task 2:
Given:
A = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4}
B = {0, 2, 4, 6, 8} and
C = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}
1. Illustrate using Venn diagram
a. A ∪ B = _____________________
b. A ∪ C = _____________________
c. A ∪ B ∪ C = _____________________
d. A ∩ B = _____________________
e. B ∩ C = _____________________
f. A ∩ B ∩ C= _____________________
2. Identify the elements
a. A ∪ B = _____________________
b. A ∪ C = _____________________
c. A ∪ B ∪ C = _____________________
d. A ∩ B = _____________________
e. B ∩ C = _____________________
f. A ∩ B ∩ C= _____________________
VI. POST-TEST:
Given the following sets:
U = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, …, 10} s
A = {all even numbers less than 10}
B = {all odd numbers less than 10}
Give the elements of the following set operations and use Venn diagram to represent the
given sets.
a. A ∪ B
b. A ∩ B
4. A ∩ B ∩ C
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Lesson 2
Solving Word Problems
You have learned the use of Venn diagram in establishing relationship among the sets.
So, you are now ready to solve problems involving sets with the use of Venn diagram.
Can you solve word problems involving sets with the use of Venn diagrams?
Let’s start with this problem:
In a class of 35 students, 19 students like summer vacation, 25 students like
Christmas vacation and 12 students like both.
Find the number of students who like;
a. Summer vacation only
b. Christmas vacation only
c. Either summer vacation or Christmas vacation
Construct a Venn diagram.
• As you construct the Venn diagram, how many circles do you need?
• Let Circle S be the students who like summer vacation and Circle C, the students who
like Christmas vacation
• What does the rectangle represent? You have learned that the rectangle represents the
universal set. This means that the number written inside the circles should have the sum
of all the objects being considered equal to the number written inside the rectangle.
• What number should be written inside the rectangle?
35
• This 35 should be equal to the total number of a. students who like summer vacation and
b. students who like Christmas vacation. Is the total number equal to 35?
19 + 25 = 44. There is an excess of 9 students (44-35=9). What does the excess of 9
mean?
• This means that there 9 students who like summer vacation and at the same time like
Christmas vacation. These 9 students are the elements common to the two sets. From
what you have learned in illustrating sets in Venn diagrams, what set operation is
involved in this situation?
• You are now ready to illustrate the Venn diagram of this problem.
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S C 35
• 19 students like summer vacation and 9 of them like summer vacation and at the same
time Christmas vacation. How many students like summer vacation only? 19-9=10
• 25 students like Christmas vacation and 9 of them like summer vacation and at the same
time Christmas vacation. How many students like Christmas vacation only? 25-9=16
•
10 9 16
S C 35
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❖ Answer:
Summer vacation only: 10
Christmas vacation only: 16
Either summer vacation or Christmas vacation: 9
Practice Task 1:
The Venn diagram shows the grades of Rhea and Gwen. Use the diagram to answer the
questions below.
80, 81,
82, 86 83,
85, 87 84, 90
Rhea Gwen
1. What are the grades of Rhea?
2. What are the grades of Gwen?
3. What is/are the grade(s) they both have?
4. What are the grades of Rhea but not Gwen’s?
5. What are the grades of Gwen but not Rhea’s?
These are guides to answer the above questions.
1. The left circle contains the grades of Rhea.
2. The right circle contains the grades of Gwen.
3. The grade(s) that Rhea and Gwen both have is/are inside both circles.
4. The grades of Rhea but not Gwen’s are inside the left circle but not inside the right
circle.
5. The grades of Gwen but not Rhea’s are inside the right circle but not the left circle.
Practice Task 2:
Solve problems involving sets with the use of Venn diagrams.
1. A group of 25 high school students were asked whether they play basketball (set B),
or volleyball (set V), or both. Fifteen of these students play basketball, twelve play
volleyball and two say they do not do neither sports. (In this problem you are going to
use a rectangle to represent the universal set, you can use the figure below as your
Venn diagram)
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a. How many students play basketball only?
b. How many students play volleyball only?
c. How many students play both sports?
d. How many students do not play basketball and volleyball?
d. How does your Venn diagram help you to answer these questions?
2. At LNHS, there are 12 students who play basketball, 7 students play volleyball and 9
students play football. If 4 students play two of the three sports and all the rest of the
students play only one sport, how many students are there in the entire class?
POST-TEST:
Solve problems involving sets with the use of Venn diagrams.
1. A group of 100 students went on to a tour in Albay province. 52 joined the trip to Mayon
Skyline (set M); 53 went to Ligñon Hill (set L); 54 visited Kawa-Kawa Hill (set K); 5 made
a trip to Mayon Skyline and Ligñon Hill; 9 visited Ligñon Hill and Kawa-Kawa Hill; 7
made a trip to Mayon Skyline and Kawa-Kawa Hill and 20 went to the three tourist spots.
You can fill the Venn diagram below to help you answer the following questions.
Questions:
a. How many of the students went to Mayon Skyline only?
b. How many of the students went to Ligñon Hill only?
c. How many joined the Kawa-Kawa Hill trip only?
d. How many did not go to any of the tourist spots?
3. Given the following sets:
U = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, …, 10}
A = {all even numbers less than 10}
B = {all odd numbers less than 10}
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Give the elements of the following set operations and use Venn diagram to represent the
given sets.
a. A ∪ B
b. A ∩ B
4. Study the given sets and Venn diagram below, and answer the following questions.
U= {residents of Purok 1, Barangay Magayon}
A= {residents who have internet access}
B= {residents who have android mobile phones}
Questions:
1. How many residents have internet access?
2. How many residents have android mobile phones?
3. How many residents have internet access but do not have android mobile phones?
4. How many residents have mobile phones but do not have internet access?
5. How many residents have both internet access and android mobile phones?
6. How many residents do not have internet access neither android mobile phone?
VII. ASSIGNMENT:
Illustrate subsets using Venn diagram of the given universal set.
1. months in a year
2. planets in the Solar System
3. provinces of Region V (Bicol Region)
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Answer Key
PRE-TEST:
1. Illustrate a Venn diagram for this group of sets.
U = {x/x is a letter in the English alphabet}
A = {x/x is a distinct letter in the word MASBATE}
B = {x/x is the vowel in the English alphabet}
Solution:
2. Create a Venn diagram to show the relationship among the sets.
U is the set of whole numbers from 1 to 15.
A is the set of multiples of 3.
B is the set of primes.
C is the set of odd numbers.
Solution:
3. Illustrate in Venn diagram this problem:
In a class of 50 students, each of the students joined either the Math Club or Science
Club or both. 10 students joined in both and 28 joined in science. How many joined
the Math Club? Illustrate this in Venn Diagram.
Solution: 22 joined the Math Club
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4. Refer to the Venn diagram below:
f. Illustrate Set Y
g. Illustrate n(X)
h. Illustrate n(Y)
i. Are X and Y joint sets?
j. What element is common to X and Y?
Solution:
a. Y = {3, 4, 5}
b. n(X) = 3
c. n(Y) = 3
d. yes
e. 3
5. Illustrate:
U = {1, 2, 3, …, 8, 9, 10}
E = {x/x is an even number}
M = {1, 3, 5, …,9}
Solution
Practice Task 1:
1. Illustrate this in Venn diagram:
U = {2, 4, 6, …, 16, 18, 20}
F = {x/x is a factor of 16}
G = { 10, 20}
Solution:
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2. Use Venn diagram to illustrate the relationship of each group of sets.
U = {x/x is a number divisible by 2 but less than 30}
A = {2, 6, 10, 14, 18, 22, 26}
B = {even numbers greater than 10 but less than 22}
Solution:
3. Sets A and B are subsets of U in the given Venn diagram.
d. Illustrate A in roster notation A={4,8}
e. Illustrate B in roster notation B={4,6}
f. Establish the relationship among sets A, B and U. A and B are joint sets
V. Practice Task 2:
Given:
A = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4}
B = {0, 2, 4, 6, 8} and
C = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}
1. Illustrate using Venn diagram
a. A ∪ B = _____________________
b. A ∪ C = _____________________
c. A ∪ B ∪ C = _____________________
d. A ∩ B = _____________________
e. B ∩ C = _____________________
f. A ∩ B ∩ C= _____________________
(these can be done through drawing and shading)
2, Identify the elements
a. A ∪ B = _____________________
b. A ∪ C = _____________________
c. A ∪ B ∪ C = _____________________
d. A ∩ B = _____________________
e. B ∩ C = _____________________
f. A ∩ B ∩ C= _____________________
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Solutions:
a. A ∪ B = {0,1,2,3,4,6,8}
b. A ∪ C = {0,1,2,3,4,5,7,9}
c. A ∪ B ∪ C = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}
d. A ∩ B = {0,2}
e. B ∩ C = { }
f. A ∩ B ∩ C = { }
VI. POST-TEST:
Given the following sets:
U = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, …, 10}
A = {all even numbers less than 10}
B = {all odd numbers less than 10}
Give the elements of the following set operations and use Venn diagram to represent the
given sets.
a. A ∪ B {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}
b. A ∩ B none
c. A ∩ B ∩ C none
Lesson 2:
Practice Task 1:
The Venn diagram shows the grades of Rhea and Gwen. Base on the diagram answer
the questions below.
80, 81,
82, 86 83,
85, 87 84, 90
Rhea Gwen
1. What are the grades of Rhea? 80, 82, 85, 86, and 87
2. What are the grades of Gwen? 81, 83, 84, 86, and 90
3. What is/are the grade(s) they both have? 86
4. What are the grades of Rhea but not Gwen’s? 80, 82, 85, and 87
5. What are the grades of Gwen but not Rhea’s? 81, 83, 84, and 90
These are guides to answer the above questions.
1. The left circle contains the grades of Rhea.
2. The right circle contains the grades of Gwen.
3. The grade(s) that Rhea and Gwen both have is/are inside both circles.
4. The grades of Rhea but not Gwen’s are inside the left circle but not inside the right
circle.
5. The grades of Gwen but not Rhea’s are inside the right circle but not the left circle.
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Practice Task 2:
Solve problems involving sets with the use of Venn diagrams.
1. A group of 25 high school students were asked whether they play basketball (set B),
or volleyball (set V), or both. Fifteen of these students play basketball, twelve play
volleyball and two say they do not do neither sports. (In this problem you are going to
use a rectangle to represent the universal set, you can use the figure below as your
Venn diagram)
a. How many students play basketball only? 11
b. How many students play volleyball only? 8
c. How many students play both sports?
d. How many students do not play basketball and volleyball? 4
d. How does your Venn diagram help you to answer these questions?(Answers may
vary)
2. At LNHS, there are 12 students who play basketball, 7 students play volleyball and 9
students play football. If 4 students play two of the three sports and all the rest of the
students play only one sport, how many students are there in the entire class?
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POST-TEST:
Solve problems involving sets with the use of Venn diagrams.
1. A group of 100 students went on to a tour in Albay province. 52 joined the trip to Mayon
Skyline (set M); 53 went to Ligñon Hill (set L); 54 visited Kawa-Kawa Hill (set K); 5 made
a trip to Mayon Skyline and Ligñon Hill; 9 visited Ligñon Hill and Kawa-Kawa Hill; 7
made a trip to Mayon Skyline and Kawa-Kawa Hill and 20 went to the three tourist spots.
You can fill the Venn diagram below to help you answer the following questions.
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Questions:
a. How many of the students went to Mayon Skyline only? 20
b. How many of the students went to Ligñon Hill only? 19
c. How many joined the Kawa-Kawa Hill trip only? 18
d. How many did not go to any of the tourist spots? 2
2. Given the following sets:
U = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, …, 10}
A = {all even numbers less than 10}
B = {all odd numbers less than 10}
Give the elements of the following set operations and use Venn diagram to represent the
given sets.
a. A ∪ B {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}
b. A ∩ B none
3. Study the given sets and Venn diagram below, and answer the following questions.
U= {residents of Purok 1, Barangay Magayon}
A= {residents who have internet access}
B= {residents who have android mobile phones}
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Questions:
1. How many residents have internet access? 99
2. How many residents have android mobile phones?110
3. How many residents have internet access but do not have android mobile phones?9
4. How many residents have mobile phones but do not have internet access? 20
5. How many residents have both internet access and android mobile phones? 119
6. How many residents do not have internet access neither android mobile phone? 30
References:
https://mgtnhs.files.wordpress.com/2012/06/math-gr-7-teachers-guide-q12.pdf
https://www.math.fsu.edu/~wooland/hm2ed/Part1Module2/Part1Module2.pdf
http://www.gregorybard.com/finite/S17_Ch_7_2.pdf
DLP 5W2 M7NS-1b-1
https://mgtnhs.files.wordpress.com/2012/06/math-gr-7-teachers-guide-q12.pdf
https://www.math.fsu.edu/~wooland/hm2ed/Part1Module2/Part1Module2.pdf
DLP 6W2M7NS-1b-1
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