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Catalan: Grammar Reference

This document provides a grammar reference and practice for the Catalan language. It covers topics such as: 1) The verb "be" including affirmative, negative, contracted and interrogative forms. 2) Possessive adjectives like "my, his, her, etc." 3) The verbs "have got" and "there is/are" including their uses. 4) Example sentences and questions to practice these grammar points. Exercises are provided to reinforce the key concepts covered.

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Ani
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
158 views

Catalan: Grammar Reference

This document provides a grammar reference and practice for the Catalan language. It covers topics such as: 1) The verb "be" including affirmative, negative, contracted and interrogative forms. 2) Possessive adjectives like "my, his, her, etc." 3) The verbs "have got" and "there is/are" including their uses. 4) Example sentences and questions to practice these grammar points. Exercises are provided to reinforce the key concepts covered.

Uploaded by

Ani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2 Grammar reference

& practice Catalan


Grammar reference • Starter unit

be Possessive adjectives
Afirmativa Negativa Pronoms I he she it we you they
Completa Contracta Completa Contracta de subjecte
Adjectius my his her its our your their
I am I’m I am not I’m not
possessius
He / She / He’s / She’s / He is not He isn’t
It is It’s She is not She isn’t Ús
It is not It isn’t Els adjectius possessius indiquen que alguna cosa
You / We / You’re / We are not We aren’t pertany a una persona.
You / They We’re / That is David’s bag. That is his bag.
You are not You aren’t
are You’re /
They’re They are not They aren’t Question words
Les partícules interrogatives Who, Where, What, When,
No es pot construir mai una frase sense el pronom de
How i How old encapçalen preguntes sobre dades
subjecte.
concretes.
It’s a good idea. Is a good idea.
En la llengua oral i en el registre informal de la llengua
En la llengua oral i en el registre informal de la llengua
escrita, sovint s’empren contraccions formades pel verb
escrita, es fan servir les formes contractes.
be i les partícules interrogatives. Who’s your favourite actor?
Interrogativa Respostes breus
have got
Afirmativa Negativa
Afirmativa Negativa
Am I happy? Yes, I am. No, I’m not.
I’ve got a pen. I haven’t got a pen.
Is he / she / it happy? Yes, he / she / No, he / she /
it is. it isn’t. He’s / She’s / It’s got a pen. He / She / It hasn’t got a pen.
Are you / we / you / Yes, you / we / No, you / we / You’ve / We’ve / You’ve / You / We / You / They
they happy? you / they are. you / they They’ve got a pen. haven’t got a pen.
aren’t.
En la llengua oral i en el registre informal de la llengua
En les respostes breus negatives es fan servir les formes escrita, es fan servir les formes contractes.
contractes (però no en les afirmatives).
Interrogativa Respostes breus
‘Is she Italian?’ ‘Yes, she is.’ ‘Yes, she’s.’
Les partícules interrogatives van davant del verb be. Afirmativa Negativa
Where are they from? They are from where? Have I got a pen? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
Ús Has he / she / Yes, he / she / No, he / she /
it got a pen? it has. it hasn’t.
El verb be es fa servir per donar i demanar informació
personal. Have you / we / Yes, you / we / No, you / we /
I’m Andrea and I’m thirteen. you / they got a you / they have. you / they
Are you from Murcia? pen? haven’t.
En les respostes breus s'inclou have, però no pas got.
Yes, I have. Yes, I have got.
Ús
Have got es fa servir per expressar possessió, vincles
familiars i coses que s’han de fer
He’s got two brothers and a sister.
They’ve got a maths exam.

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Grammar reference • Starter unit

there is, there are


Singular Plural
Afirmativa There is / ’s a There are two new
computer lab. students.
Negativa There isn’t a There aren’t any
sports field. new boys.
Interrogativa Is there an exam Are there any new
on Thursday? teachers?
En la llengua oral i en el registre informal de la
llengua escrita, es fan servir les formes contractes,
però no n’hi ha cap per a there are.
There’re There are notes in the notebook.
Ús
There is / there are es fan servir per descriure el que
existeix i el que no existeix; també el que es veu i el
que no es veu.

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Grammar practice • Starter unit

be have got
1 Write sentences using the affirmative (✓), 4 Order the words to make sentences or
negative (✗) or question (?) form of be. questions.
he / from / Bilbao ✓ got / you’ve / mark / good / a
He’s from Bilbao. You’ve got a good mark.
1 I / a Star Wars fan ✓ 1 teacher / new / got / a / she’s

2 you / interested in / photography ? 2 haven’t / a / got / I / notebook

3 Tomas / in this photo ✗ 3 history / they’ve / a / now / got / class

4 it / Friday afternoon ✗ 4 got / we / have / maths / morning / this ?

5 your brother / fifteen ? 5 new / got / uniform / Jake / hasn’t / a

6 Ana and Nina / twins ✓ 6 have / what / you / next / got ?

Possessive adjectives there is, there are


2 Choose the correct words to complete the 5 Complete the sentences using the correct form
sentences. of there is and there are and the words in the
Our uncle is a doctor and his / her wife is a box.
teacher.
class exam fields girls lab music
1 My mum is interested in football. His / Her
room
favourite player is Jordi Alba.
2 We’re from Ireland. Their / Our home is in There’s a nice poster in the music room.
Dublin. 1 any boys at my school –
3 This is my brother and this is his / her friend only .
Francisco. 2 any new students in your
4 I’m a fan of the Harry Potter stories. They are ?
your / my favourite books. 3 We haven’t got a lesson today
5 ‘What’s our / your name?’ ‘Carolina.’ because time.
6 Those twin boys are in my class. Their / Your 4 a difficult question in this
house is next to the cinema. maths .
5 two big sports next
Question words to my school.
6 a new science in this
3 Complete the questions with the words in the
box. block?

how how old how old what when


where who

‘How old is your best friend?’ ‘She’s thirteen.’


1 ‘ ’s your history teacher?’ ‘Mr Stone.’
2 ‘ are you?’ ‘I’m OK, thanks.’
3 ‘ ’s your school?’ ‘Next to the
station.’
4 ‘ ’s your brother’s birthday?’ ‘In May.’
5 ‘ ’s your favourite subject?’
‘Geography.’
6 ‘ are you?’ ‘We’re both fourteen.’
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Grammar reference • Unit 1

Present simple: affirmative and Aquests indiquen amb quina freqüència passen les
negative coses.
100% 0%
Afirmativa Negativa always usually often sometimes never
I stay in bed late. I don’t stay in bed late. Es col·loquen en una posició diferent amb be, have got
He / She / It stays in bed He / She / It doesn’t stay in i els altres verbs (per exemple, play, watch, stay).
late. bed late. He is often late for school.
You / We / You / They stay You / We / You / They I’ve always got my phone with me.
in bed late. don’t stay in bed late. They don’t usually play on the computer.
La forma afirmativa es construeix amb l’infinitiu sense Verb Posició de l’adverbi
to. En la tercera persona del singular (he, she, it), s’hi Afirmativa be darrere del verb
afegeix -s, -es o -ies.
have got entre have i got
La majoria de s’afegeix -s
els altres davant del verb
verbs meet ➞ meets play ➞ plays Negativa be darrere del verb
spend ➞ spends stay ➞ stays
have got entre have i got
Verbs acabats en s’elimina la y abans d'afegir -ies
consonant + -y els altres entre don’t / doesn’t i el verb
carry ➞ carries copy ➞ copies
fly ➞ flies study ➞ studies Interrogativa be darrere del subjecte
Verbs acabats en s’afegeix -es have got entre el subjecte i got
o, ch, sh, x, ss go ➞ goes watch ➞ watches els altres davant del verb
finish ➞ finishes fix ➞ fixes
miss ➞ misses Present simple: questions
La negativa es construeix amb do not o does not + Interrogativa Respostes breus
l’infinitiu sense to.
Afirmativa Negativa
En la llengua oral i en el registre informal de la llengua
escrita, es fan servir les formes contractes. Do I collect Yes, I do. No, I don’t.
She does not draw. ➞ She doesn’t draw. things?
We do not bake. ➞ We don’t bake. Does he / she / Yes, he / she / No, he / she /
it collect things? it does. it doesn’t.
Ús
Do you / we / Yes, you / we / No, you / we /
El present simple es fa servir:
you / they collect you / they do. you / they don’t.
1 per descriure fets que passen amb regularitat o
things?
constantment.
We finish school at 3.30. La interrogativa es construeix amb Do / Does + subjecte
I don’t spend a lot of time on my phone. + verb.
2 per descriure situacions permanents. Do / does es fa servir en respostes breus afirmatives, i
We live in the countryside near Barcelona. don’t / doesn’t en les negatives.
Lucia and Ruben speak Spanish and English.
3 per expressar opinions. Ús
We think this TV programme is interesting. Les partícules interrogatives Who, What, When, Why,
I don’t like fast food restaurants. How, How often, How much i What time van davant de
Sovint el present simple es fa servir amb els adverbis de do / does.
freqüència. What time do you finish school?
Javier always does his homework. How often do they go to the shops?
You never stay in bed late.

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Grammar practice • Unit 1

Present simple: affirmative and 4 Order the words to make sentences.


negative trainers / usually / wear / I
I usually wear trainers.
1 Write the third person singular (he / she / it)
form of the verbs. 1 never / make / They / videos

study studies 4 wash 2 sometimes / father / My / strict / is


1 like 5 do
2 collect 6 bake 3 got / has / Marta  / usually / pen / a
3 have 7 carry
4 stories / These / always / are / interesting
2 Write sentences using the present simple
affirmative or negative.
5 often / We / music / to / listen
Ellen / meet / her friends in the playground
Ellen meets her friends in the playground.
1 Gonzalo / do / martial arts. Present simple: questions
5 Write present simple questions using the verbs
2 we / not watch / films on the laptop in the box. Then write the short answers.

do go know make play spend


3 you / spend / a lot of time in town Do you make videos at school? Yes, I do.
1 ‘ your parents a lot of time
on the phone?’ ‘No, .’
4 my mum / carry / her things in a small bag 2 ‘ Richard video games?’
‘Yes, .’
3 ‘ Helen always her
5 they / not play football / in the park homework?’ ‘No, .’
4 ‘ your younger sisters
shopping in town?’ ‘No, .’
5 ‘ we the answer to that
3 Make the sentences negative. question?’ ‘Yes, .’
I go to bed late.
I don’t go to bed late. 6 Complete the questions with who, what, where
1 Natalia and Miguel live near the school. or when and do or does.
‘What do you listen to at home?’ ‘Hip hop
music.’
2 I want to watch that film. 1 ‘ you live?’ ‘Not far from the
school.’
2 ‘ we have lunch at school?’
3 You write on your blog every day. ‘At 1.00.’
3 ‘ Gemma play tennis?’ ‘In the
park.’
4 We know that boy’s name. 4 ‘ you talk to on the phone?’
‘Jane.’
5 ‘ your mother do?’ ‘She’s a
5 This shop opens early. doctor.’

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Grammar reference • Unit 2

Present continuous: affirmative and Present simple and present


negative continuous
Afirmativa Negativa Ús
I’m talking. I’m not talking. El present continuous descriu accions que passen
mentre es parla, o al voltant d’aquest moment. Sol anar
He / She / It ’s talking. He / She / It isn’t talking.
acompanyat de les expressions now, right now, at the
You / We / You / They ’re You / We / You / They moment.
talking. aren’t talking. ‘Where’s Angel right now?’ ‘He’s chatting online.’
L’afirmativa del present continuous es construeix amb be They’re studying for their history exam at the moment.
+ la forma en -ing del verb. ‘Is Alicia doing her homework now?’ ‘Yes, she is.’
La negativa es construeix amb el verb be + not + la El present simple descriu rutines o accions que es
forma en -ing. repeteixen. Se sol fer servir amb expressions com
always, usually, often, sometimes, never.
Ús Ollie sometimes uses instant messaging.
En la llengua oral i en el registre informal de la llengua I never send emails.
escrita, es fan servir les formes contractes. Do you often post messages on social media?
I am writing. ➞ I’m writing. She always watches that TV programme.
He is talking. ➞ He’s talking. Els anomenats stative verbs (understand, know, believe,
think, mean, like, dislike, love, hate, want, prefer)
Present continuous: questions no es fan servir en el present continuous, perquè
Interrogativa Respostes breus descriuen estats permanents, no pas accions que es
desenvolupen en un moment donat.
Afirmativa Negativa
I like your new mobile phone.
Am I texting? Yes, I am. No, I’m not. I’m liking your new mobile phone.
Is he / she / Yes, he / she / No, he / she / Do you want a coffee?
it texting? it is. it isn’t. Are you wanting a coffee?
Are you / we / Yes, you / we / No, you / we / What does that word mean?
you / they you / they are. you / they aren’t. What is that word meaning?
texting? We don’t understand this question.
We aren’t understanding this question.
La interrogativa es construeix invertint l’ordre del verb
be i el subjecte.
Les respostes breus es formen només amb el verb be,
sense la forma en -ing.
Ús
A les respostes breus afirmatives no es fan servir les
formes contractes.
‘Are you studying?’ ‘Yes, I am.’ ‘Yes, I’m.’
‘Is Alba watching TV?’ ‘Yes, she is.’ ‘Yes, she’s.’
Les partícules interrogatives van davant del verb be.
What are you talking about?
Who are you messaging?
Why are they laughing?
Where’s Silvia going?

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Grammar practice • Unit 2

Present continuous: affirmative Present continuous: questions


and negative 4 Order the words to make present continuous
1 Write the -ing form of the verbs. questions.
do doing 1 you / what / watching / are / TV / on ?
1 make 6 spend
2 stop 7 stay 2 Henry / is / playing / with Sam / tennis ?
3 collect 8 leave
4 live 9 paint 3 staying / on / where / Maria / holiday / is ?
5 swim 10 work
4 we / exercise / this / looking at / are / now ?
2 Complete the dialogues using the present
continuous form of the verbs in the box. 5 to / speaking / Amy / your brother / is ?

bake draw eat meet play watch


Present simple and present
‘Stella is quiet.’ ‘Yes, she’s drawing a picture.’
1 ‘Where’s Freya?’ ‘She a cake in
continuous
the kitchen.’ 5 Complete the instant messages using the
2 ‘Are Leo and Ben here?’ ‘No, they aren’t. correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use
They football with their friends.’ short forms where possible.
3 ‘Are you on the phone?’ ‘No, I’m not.
I a film on the sofa.’
4 ‘Juan isn’t in his room.’ ‘I know. Messages
He his friends in town.’
5 ‘Where’s dad?’ ‘He his Hi Samira! How’s New York?
breakfast.’
Hi Alice, it’s amazing! I’m having (have)
a wonderful time with my family and I
3 Write affirmative and negative sentences using
the present continuous. (1)  (go) to all the
famous places here.
Jane / not study / listen to music
Jane isn’t studying. She’s listening to music. Yay! What’s your hotel like?
1 they / not make lunch / chat on social media
We (2)  (not stay) in a hotel.
We (3)  (visit) some American
2 I / not make a phone call / send an email friends of my parents. They (4)  (live)
in a nice apartment near Central Park. Brad
(5)  (teach) at one of the colleges
3 we / not listen to Tom / speak to Andy in Manhattan.

Ah, OK. That’s so cool. So, what


4 Laura / not read her book / send a text message (6)  (you / do) now?

We (7)  (eat) pizza in


5 you / not write in your notebook / talk to your the street for lunch!
friend
Yum! (8)  (you / like) it?

It’s delicious!

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Grammar reference • Unit 3

Past simple be Past simple


Afirmativa Negativa Afirmativa Negativa
I was brave. I wasn’t scared. I / you / he / she / it / we / I / you / he / she / it / we /
He / She / It was right. He / She / It wasn’t wrong. you / they visited Paris. you / they didn’t visit Paris.
Interrogativa
You / We / You / You / We / You /
They were rich. They weren’t poor. Did I / you / he / she / it / we / you / they study the
book about time travel?
Les formes afirmatives del past simple del verb be són
Respostes breus
was i were. The students were interested in the tour.
Les formes negatives són was not i were not. Afirmativa Negativa
Se solen fer servir les formes contractes wasn’t i weren’t. Yes, I / you / he / she / it / No, I / you / he / she / it /
The cave wasn’t very big. we / you / they did. we / you / they didn’t.

Interrogativa Respostes breus El past simple té una única forma per a totes les
persones. I visited Paris. You visited Lisbon.
Afirmativa Negativa
El past simple dels verbs regulars es construeix afegint
Was I scared? Yes, I was. No, I wasn’t. -ed a l’infinitiu del verb sense to.
Was he / she / it Yes, he / she / No, he / she / My brother helped me with my homework last night.
in the cave? it was. it wasn’t. Fixa’t en l’ortografia dels verbs regulars:
Were you / we / Yes, you / we / No, you / we / you /
La majoria de s’afegeix -ed
you / they with you / they were. they weren’t.
verbs look ➞ looked play ➞ played
the teacher?
Verbs acabats s’afegeix -d
La forma interrogativa es construeix amb was / were +
en -e arrive ➞ arrived live ➞ lived
el subjecte.
Was the tour good? Were you in Warwick on Friday? Verbs acabats la consonant es duplica i s’afegeix -ed
Les partícules interrogatives encapçalen les preguntes. en vocal + stop ➞ stopped travel ➞ travelled
Who was your guide on the trip? consonant
Les respostes breus es formen amb el subjecte + was / Els verbs irregulars tenen unes formes pròpies de past
were / wasn’t / weren’t. simple:
Was José in Rome last month? No, he wasn’t. do ➞ did get ➞ got go ➞ went have ➞ had
there was, there were Consulta la llista de verbs irregulars de la pàgina 136.
Singular Plural La negativa del past simple dels verbs regulars i dels
irregulars es construeix amb did not + l’infinitiu sense to.
Afirmativa There was a very There were a lot of Se sol fer servir la contracció didn’t.
dark tunnel. visitors at the castle.
We didn’t lose our teacher in the dark tunnels.
Negativa There wasn’t a light There weren’t any ghosts La interrogativa es construeix amb l'auxiliar did +
in the tunnel. in the old building.
l'infinitiu sense to.
There was i there were són les formes de past simple de Did you talk to the guide after the visit?
there is i there are. There was es fa servir amb les formes Les respostes breus es construeixen amb el subjecte +
del singular, i there were amb les del plural. Les formes did / didn’t.
negatives són there wasn’t i there weren’t. Did you like the class trip to Granada? Yes, I did.
There wasn’t a big shop at the visitor centre.
Ús
There weren’t any good books about the tunnels.
El past simple es fa servir per descriure accions que es
La interrogativa es forma invertint l’ordre de was / were i
van acabar en un moment concret del passat. Sovint
there. Was there a café? There was a café?
s’hi inclouen expressions com ara yesterday, last week,
Ús
on Thursday, in 2014, two days ago.
There was i there were es fan servir per descriure coses He watched a film about time travel yesterday.
que hi havia en el passat.
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Grammar practice • Unit 3

Past simple be there was, there were


1 Rewrite the sentences with the affirmative (✓), 2 Complete the sentences with the affirmative
negative (✗) or question (?) form of was or or negative form of there was and there were.
were. The centre of Barcelona was very busy.
They were scared in the big castle. ✗ There were a lot of people in the shops.
They weren’t scared in the big castle. 1 The weather on our holiday in Marbella was
1 The tour was expensive. ? warm and dry. any rain at all.
2 a shop at the museum and I
2 My answers weren’t right. ✓ bought some great things for my family.
3 I wasn’t scared in the tunnel because
3 I was cold in the tunnel. ✗ any ghosts.
4 The Prince Felipe Science Museum was great.
4 The visit to the museum wasn’t exciting. ✓ hundreds of things to see.
5 a new boy in our class last
week.
5 You were on the school trip last week. ✗ 6 any good films on TV yesterday
so I went to bed early.

6 Liam was at school yesterday. ?

Past simple 4 Complete the sentences using the past simple


negative form of the verbs.
3 Complete the email using the past simple form We went to the old library, but we didn’t go to
of the verbs in the box. the castle.
1 Iván and Álvaro played football on Friday, but
explore feel give go meet stay take they basketball.
travel
2 Paula lost her camera, but she
her phone.
Subject Holiday 3 You met Lily last week, but you
Dan.
Hi Josh, 4 I helped with the housework, but I
Thanks for your email. Yes, my summer holiday with the cooking.
was great! I was in Rome with my aunt, uncle 5 She visited her grandmother in Girona, but she
and older cousins. I travelled to Rome by plane her old friend Estel.
and my aunt (1)  me at the airport.
I (2)  at their house for ten days. 5 Write past simple questions using the words in
They were very friendly so I (3)  brackets. Then write the short answers.
happy at their home. I can’t speak Italian, but ‘Did you like (you / like) the film?’ ‘Yes, I did.’
they (4)  me a phrase book. 1 ‘ (Alex / find) his sports
I (5)  Rome with my cousins and we bag?’ ‘No, .’
(6)  into the tunnels under the city. 2 ‘ (your dad / travel) by
It was very scary down there. I (7)  plane?’ ‘Yes, .’
some photos – I can’t wait to show you them! 3 ‘ (we / have) any
homework?’ ‘No, .’
I came home last week and now I’m feeling
4 ‘ (it / rain) yesterday?’
bored! Do you want to go swimming
‘No, .’
tomorrow?
5 ‘ (you / look) at the
Alfie answers?’ ‘Yes, .’

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Grammar reference • Unit 4

Past continuous: affirmative and Past simple and past continuous


negative Ús
Afirmativa Negativa Sovint es fa servir el past continuous per descriure una
I was jumping. I wasn’t jumping. acció del passat que va ser interrompuda.
She was walking into town when she met her friends.
He / She / It was jumping. He / She / It wasn’t
jumping. El past continuous descriu l’acció prolongada (was
walking), i el past simple (met), l’acció breu que la va
You / We / You / They You / We / You / They interrompre.
were jumping. weren’t jumping.
Davant del past simple, s’hi sol col·locar when, i davant
L’afirmativa del past continuous es construeix amb el del past continuous, while.
subjecte + was / were + la forma en -ing del verb. They were travelling around Cantabria when they took
En la negativa, s’afegeix not entre was / were i la forma the photo.
en -ing. They took the photo while they were travelling around
En la llengua oral i en el registre informal de la llengua Cantabria.
escrita, se solen fer servir les formes contractes wasn’t i
weren’t. Adjectives and adverbs
La majoria d’adverbis es creen afegint -ly als adjectius
Past continuous: questions corresponents.
polite ➞ politely slow ➞ slowly quiet ➞ quietly
Interrogativa Respostes breus
Si l’adjectiu acaba en -l: aquesta es duplica i s’hi afegeix
Afirmativa Negativa -y.
Was I climbing? Yes, I was. No, I wasn’t. careful ➞ carefully
Was he / she / Yes, he / she / No, he / she / En adjectius acabats en -y: aquesta desapareix i s’hi
it climbing? it was. it wasn’t. afegeix -ily.
Were you / Yes, you / we / No, you / we / happy ➞ happily easy ➞ easily angry ➞ angrily
we / you / they you / they were. you / they Alguns adverbis són idèntics als adjectius
climbing? weren’t. corresponents:
hard ➞ hard fast ➞ fast
La interrogativa es construeix invertint l’ordre de was /
were i el subjecte al començament de la frase. També hi ha adverbis irregulars:
good ➞ well
Les respostes breus es construeixen amb el subjecte i
was / were, sense la forma en -ing. Ús
Were you walking to school at 8.00? Yes, I was. Els adjectius es fan servir per descriure substantius.
Was Belen standing in that photo? No, she wasn’t. Jorge is a polite boy.
Were they running on Friday? Yes, they were.
Els adverbis es fan servir per descriure verbs.
Les partícules interrogatives van davant de was / were. Jorge speaks politely.
What were we doing on Saturday morning?
Where was Oscar walking this afternoon?
Ús
El past continuous es fa servir per descriure accions que
es produïen en un moment determinat del passat. Sol
anar acompanyat d’on, at (+ una hora) o when (+ una
acció en past simple).
It was raining at two o’clock this morning.
What were they doing on Friday evening?
You weren’t listening to the photographer when he said
‘smile’.

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Grammar practice • Unit 4

Past continuous: affirmative and Past simple and past continuous


negative 4 Complete the text message using the past
1 Complete the sentences with was, were, wasn’t simple or past continuous form of the verbs in
or weren’t. brackets.
1 I having breakfast at 7.30. ✗
I walking to school with Mia. ✓
2 We climbing the mountain 11:36
earlier. ✓
Messages
We sleeping in our tent. ✗
3 Sara standing in the photo. ✗ Hi Tom, guess what! I was cycling
She sitting on the sofa. ✓ (cycle) home from your house
4 You watching TV at 8.30. ✓ yesterday when suddenly a little girl
You listening to music. ✗ (1) (walk) in front of me.
5 Mike playing basketball today. ✓ She (2) (not look) and
He swimming in the sea. ✗ her parents (3) (talk) to
6 It snowing at 3.30 this afternoon. ✗ some friends.
It raining. ✓
I (4) (go) very fast on
2 Write sentences using the affirmative or my bike, but I (5) (stop)
negative form of the past continuous. before I hit the girl and luckily I
(6) (not fall) off the bike.
At 7.00 yesterday evening …
The girl’s mum was very nice – she
my friends / play / beach volleyball
(7) (thank) me for
My friends were playing beach volleyball.
stopping quickly. See you tomorrow,
1 Carmen / have / her dinner Florence

2 Ed and Tom / wait / outside the cinema

3 Rafa / write / an email to his cousin

4 my parents / not watch / that new TV series Adjectives and adverbs


5 you / not answer / your mobile phone 5 Complete the sentences with the adverbs of
the adjectives in the box.
6 I / chat / on social media
angry bad fast good happy hard
slow
Past continuous: questions ‘It’s my birthday!’ the girl said happily.
1 I ran very because I was late for
3 Write past continuous questions using the
verbs in brackets. school.
2 ‘You broke my expensive new camera!’ she
1 your sister (dance) in
shouted .
that show?
3 I’m not good at football. I usually play
2 you (run) in that race
.
at school?
4 My grandfather can’t walk quickly. He walks
3 Why Paul (eat) his
because he injured his leg last
breakfast late?
year.
4 Where we (sit) in
5 My dad works very . He has a long
that restaurant?
day at his office.
5 What you (say) in
6 My sister is an amazing singer. She always sings
the car?
.
6 Who he (talk) to on
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Grammar reference • Unit 5

Comparative / superlative adjectives could


Comparatiu Superlatiu Afirmativa Negativa
La majoria s’afegeix -er s’afegeix -est I / You / He / She / I / You / He / She /
d’adjectius It / We / You / They could It / We / You / They
old ➞ older old ➞ oldest
monosíl·labs dance. couldn’t dance.
Monosíl·labs la consonant la consonant Interrogativa Respostes breus
acabats en vocal es duplica i es duplica i Could they dance? Yes, they could. /
+ consonant s’afegeix -er s’afegeix -est No, they couldn’t.
big ➞ bigger big ➞ biggest
Can i could tenen una única forma per a totes les
Monosíl·labs s’afegeix -r s’afegeix -st persones.
acabats en -e nice ➞ nicer nice ➞ nicest I can play the piano. He cans play the piano.
She could make videos. They could makes videos.
Adjectius de la -y desapareix la -y desapareix i
dues o més i s’afegeix -ier s’afegeix -iest Es fa servir can / could + l’infinitiu del verb sense to.
síl·labes acabats You can speak English. You can to speak English.
easy ➞ easier easy ➞ easiest
en -y Les formes negatives de can i could són cannot i could
La resta es col·loca es col·loca not. Però en la llengua oral i en el registre informal de
d’adjectius de more davant de most davant de la llengua escrita, s’empren les formes contractes can’t i
dues o més l’adjectiu l'adjectiu couldn’t.
síl·labes I couldn’t play tennis. I didn’t can play tennis.
careful ➞ more careful ➞ most
careful careful Amb les formes negatives de can i could, es fa servir
l’infinitiu sense to.
Adjectius good ➞ better good ➞ best
We can’t bake cakes. We can’t to bake cakes.
irregulars
bad ➞ worse bad ➞ worst
Ús
Ús Can es fa servir per descriure la capacitat de fer alguna
El comparatiu + than es fa servir per comparar dues cosa en el present.
persones o coses. They can speak German now.
Montse is taller than Eva. Could es fa servir per descriure la capacitat de fer
The shoes are more expensive than the trainers. alguna cosa en el passat.
The + superlatiu es fa servir per indicar que una She could ride a horse when she was six.
persona o cosa té el grau més alt d'una característica en
comparació amb la resta del grup. Questions with How … ?
He’s the fastest man in Spain at 100 m. Per construir preguntes amb how, es fa servir how +
She’s the most successful singer in the world. often, how + much / many o how + adjectiu.
How often do you go shopping?
Ability: can and could How much coffee do you drink?
How high is Pico de Mulhacén?
can
Ús
Afirmativa Negativa
Les preguntes amb how es fan servir quan es vol saber
I / You / He / She / It / I / You / He / She / It /
la freqüència, la mida o la quantitat d'alguna cosa.
We / You / They can swim. We / You / They can’t swim.
How many brothers and sisters have you got?
Interrogativa Respostes breus
Often es fa servir amb how per preguntar sobre la
Can Jana swim? Yes, she can. / freqüència.
No, she can’t. How often do you practise the piano?

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Grammar practice • Unit 5

Comparative / superlative adjectives 2 They are talented. They


(sing) well.
1 Complete the table with the comparative and
superlative form of the adjectives. 3 ‘ you (understand)
this question?’ ‘No, I ! It’s too
Adjective Comparative Superlative difficult!’
4 You (ride) a bike two years ago,
clean cleaner the cleanest
but now you’re really good at cycling.
1 rich 5 ‘ Esther (write) when
2 lucky she was seven?’ ‘Yes, she .’

3 difficult 5 Complete the text using can, can’t, could,


couldn’t and the phrases in the table.
4 bad
5 exciting Past Present
our gran understand English ✗ speak English and
6 wet French ✓
my dad play football well ✓ run very fast ✗
2 Complete the sentences with the comparative me cook ✗ bake cakes ✓
or superlative form of the adjective in
brackets.
Leonardo da Vinci was one of the most My family
intelligent (intelligent) people of all time. Our gran couldn’t understand English when
1 Is that (big) building in Spain? she was younger. But now she
2 This photo is (good) than (1) .
that old picture. My dad (2) when
3 I’m (creative) than my sister. he was a boy. Now he (3)
4 Maths is (easy) than French. and he doesn’t play very often. But he watches
football on TV!
3 Write sentences using comparative and
I (4) when I was very
superlative adjectives.
young. But now I (5) and
I / tall / my mother
I sometimes make birthday cakes for my
I’m taller than my mother.
family.
1 she / fast / player in the team

2 cars / slow / planes


Questions with How … ?
3 you / friendly / person at this school 6 Complete the questions with how and the
correct adjective in brackets.
4 I / polite / my brother Sergio How far can you swim? (far / high / many)
1 cousins have you got?
5 he / good / runner in the class (much / many / old)
2 tea do you drink? (cold / hot /
much)
Ability: can and could 3 do they go running? (often /
long / heavy)
4 Complete the sentences with can, can’t, could,
couldn’t and the verb in brackets. 4 is your best friend? (far /
much / tall)
Ben is a good swimmer. He can swim (swim) fast.
5 can an elephant run? (fast /
1 My grandfather was good at art. He
heavy / scary)
(draw) very well when he
was at school.

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Grammar reference • Unit 6

will and won’t La forma negativa pot anar a l’acció, al resultat o a totes
dues parts de la frase.
Afirmativa If he doesn’t have a compass, he’ll get lost.
I / You / He / She / It / We / You / They ’ll climb the We won’t win the challenge if we get lost in the trees.
tree. If we don’t make a big noise, we won’t find help.
Negativa La interrogativa es forma col·locant will + subjecte
I / You / He / She / It / We / You / They won’t stay still. al començament de la proposició que expressa el
resultat.
Interrogativa
Will you help me if I carry your bag?
Will I / you / he / she / it / we / you / they find drinking Do you help me … ?
water?
Ús
Respostes breus
El condicional de primer grau es fa servir per predir el
Afirmativa Negativa resultat d’una acció. Serveix per parlar de coses que es
Yes, I / you / he / she / it / No, I / you / he / she / it / creu que poden passar en el futur, i d’aquelles que es
we / you / they will. we / you / they won’t. considera que són possibles.
L’afirmativa es construeix amb will + l’infinitiu sense to.
The desert will be hot in the day.
must and should
La negativa es construeix amb won’t + l’infinitiu sense to. must
We won’t lie in the sun. Afirmativa Negativa
La interrogativa es construeix amb will + subjecte + I / You / He / She / It / I / You / He / She / It /
infinitiu sense to. Les partícules interrogatives (What, We / You / They must be We / You / mustn’t leave
Where, When) van al començament de la frase. fit to go on the adventure the camp after dark.
Will you light a fire? Where will we find food? trip.
En les respostes breus s’hi utilitzen will i won’t. should
Will you help me? Yes, I will.
Afirmativa Negativa
Ús I / You / He / She / It / I / You / He / She / It /
Will es fa servir per fer prediccions sobre el futur. We / You / They / should We / You / They /
wear warm clothes. shouldn’t drink all the
The first conditional: will and won’t water at once.

Acció Resultat Must i should tenen una única forma per a totes les
If I climb a tree, I’ll be safe. persones.
Raul must be careful with the knife.
If he / she / it eats the fruit, he / she / it ’ll feel ill. Raul musts be careful with the knife.
If you / we / you / they you / we / you / they ’ll Must i should es fan servir amb l’infinitiu sense to.
follow the river, find the village. You must listen now. They should sit here.
El condicional de primer grau consta de dues Les formes negatives de must i should són must not i
proposicions: If + present simple, will. should not. El verb principal va en l’infinitiu sense to.
Les frases condicionals poden anar encapçalades per
We mustn’t touch this. We mustn’t to touch this.
l’acció: Ús
If you light a fire, you’ll feel warmer. Should es fa servir per donar consells i recomanacions.
o pel resultat: You shouldn’t buy that torch. It’s expensive.
You’ll feel warmer if you light a fire.
Must descriu obligacions fermes.
You must wear shoes in the jungle at all times.
It’s really important.

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Grammar practice • Unit 6

will and won’t 4 I’ll wear my sandals on the trip if I hot.


5 If we go near that dangerous river, I
1 Complete the sentences using the affirmative,
negative or question form of will and one of in it.
the verbs in brackets. 6 She the food if she gets very
hungry.
Nerea is in hospital. She won’t come (leave /
come) on the school trip.
must and should
1 I think the weather in the jungle
(have / be) hot again tomorrow. 4 Complete the sentences with should or must.
2 Alejandro knows about survival skills. He Valencia looks like an interesting city. Maybe we
(build / help) a good shelter for should go there on holiday.
us all. 1 It’s quite warm today. I think you
3 Charlie and Jack feel ill. They wear a T-shirt.
(go / climb) the trees with us today. 2 That girl is very ill. She go to the
4 I’m sure they (win / walk) that race hospital immediately.
in the desert. They’re very fast. 3 This ice cream is nice. Perhaps you
5 You aren’t interested in survival so you try it.
(read / enjoy) this survival TV 4 You eat lots of fruit and
programme. vegetables. It’s always a good idea.
6 What you (do / go) 5 This football match is very important for our
when you leave school? team. We win it!

The first conditional: will and won’t 5 Complete the text. Use should, shouldn’t, must
or mustn’t.
2 Choose the correct words.
If we don’t take / won’t take a water bottle,
we are / ’ll be thirsty.
1 I look / ’ll look for some food if you find / Lark Hill School
’ll find some drinking water.
Information for new students
2 If it will be / is very hot on holiday, they buy /
’ll buy some cool clothes. Ӻ You mustn’t run in the school. It’s very
3 Will / Do you make dinner if I light / ’ll light a dangerous.
fire? Ӻ Students (1) eat chewing gum
4 If you ’re / ’ll be patient and determined, you in class. This is forbidden.
win / ’ll win the Desert Challenge. Ӻ You (2) always wear a uniform.
5 If we buy / will buy a tent, do / will you come You’ll need to go home if you wear jeans.
camping with us?
Ӻ If possible, all students (3) try
6 If she doesn’t bring / won’t bring a sleeping
to do two hours of homework every evening.
bag, she ’s be / ’ll be cold at night.
Ӻ Students (4) arrive later than
3 Complete the sentences using the correct form 8.30 in the morning. This is very important.
of the verbs in the box.
Ӻ You (5) have unhealthy food for
eat feel listen to make not find see lunch. It’s better to have more healthy food.
not swim Ӻ You (6) walk or take the
If she makes a noise, the tiger will hear us. bus to school if you can. It’s good for the
1 If he any big animals, he’ll stay still. environment.
2 They won’t survive if they water.
3 If we have some free time, we the
radio.

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Grammar reference • Unit 7

be going to Per construir preguntes amb be going to, es col·loca be


davant del subjecte.
Afirmativa Negativa Is that singer going to start a new rock band?
I’m going to start. I’m not going to start. Are you going to learn the African drums?
He / She / It ’s going to He / She / It isn’t going to Are we going to see those famous flamenco dancers?
start. start. Les partícules interrogatives (When, Where, Who) van al
You / We / You / They ’re You / We / You / They començament de la pregunta.
going to start. aren’t going to start. When is the show going to start?
Where are you going to stand at the concert?
Be going to es construeix amb be + going to + infinitiu Who are you going to sit with at the show?
sense to. L’auxiliar be canvia en funció del subjete.
We’re going to listen to some Brazilian music. Ús
La negativa es construeix amb la forma negativa de be. En les respostes breus s’empra l’auxiliar be (sense going
I’m not going to watch the concert on TV. to).
‘Are you going to learn the violin?’ ‘No, I’m not.’
Ús
En les respostes breus afirmatives no es fan servir les
Be going to descriu plans concrets per fer (o no fer)
formes contractes.
alguna cosa en el futur.
‘Is he going to play the keyboards?’ ‘Yes, he is.’
She’s going to learn the classical guitar next year. ‘Yes, he’s.’
We’re going to see Alejandro Sanz in concert later.
Ana isn’t going to buy tickets for the show in Palma. Present continuous for future
be going to and will arrangements
Ús
Ús
El present continuous amb valor de futur es fa servir per
Be going to es fa servir per descriure plans i intencions
descriure accions de futur que s’ha decidit que es faran
de futur. Will es fa servir per fer prediccions sobre el
amb tota seguretat.
futur.
I’m meeting my friends this evening.
Pla: I’m going to meet my friend at the concert.
I will meet my friends this evening.
Predicció: The band will definitely play some new
They’re playing a concert in Madrid in August.
songs.
They play a concert in Madrid in August.
be going to: questions El present continuous amb valor de futur sovint va
acompanyat d’expressions de temps.
Interrogativa Respostes breus I’m cooking dinner at 7.00.
Afirmativa Negativa We’re seeing Diego on Friday.
Am I going to Yes, I am. No, I’m not. They’re playing tennis after school.
start?
Is he / she / it Yes, he / she / No, he / she /
going to start? it is. it isn’t.
Are you / we / Yes, you / we / No, you / we /
you / they going you / they are. you / they aren’t.
to start?
Respostes
Where is she She’s going to stand in the middle.
going to stand?
What are we We’re going to sing a folk song.
going to sing?

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Grammar practice • Unit 7

be going to 5 Juan has got a new guitar and he


(start) guitar lessons next Friday.
1 Complete the sentences using be going to and
the verbs in the box. 6 If you like heavy metal, we know you
(love) this new song!
not buy do play not sing not walk
watch be going to: questions
Arnau is going to play the guitar in the new 4 Complete the questions using be going to and
band. the verbs in brackets.
1 He to the station Are you going to practise (you / practise) the
because it’s raining. keyboard every day?
2 We the music video 1 (Flora / learn) the bass?
online. 2 (you / do) a heavy
3 I that T-shirt. It’s very metal version of that song?
expensive. 3 (Archie / become) a
4 Marina her music singer?
homework this evening. 4 (they / sing) some
5 We that song. It’s really of their old songs?
terrible! 5 What (Alberto /
play) in the band?
2 Write affirmative (✓) and negative (✗) 6 How many songs
sentences using be going to. (we / download) this evening?
Jamie T / play / a new song ✓
Jamie T is going to play a new song. Present continuous for future
1 I / learn / these cool lyrics ✓ arrangements
5 Look at the table. Then write sentences using
the present continuous.
2 Harry and Niall / talk / to the fans ✓
Friday Saturday Sunday
Yasmin play go shopping do homework
3 that video / be / on TV tonight ✗ basketball
Owen watch a film practise with meet friends
4 you / write / the music for the album ✓
and the school
Ben band
5 they / change / the title of the song ✗ Next Friday, Yasmin is playing basketball. She
isn’t watching a film.
1 On Saturday, Yasmin, with
the school band. She
be going to and will shopping.
3 Complete the sentences using will or be going 2 On Sunday, Yasmin
to and the verbs in brackets. homework. She friends.
3 On Friday, Owen and Ben
They think the music festival will be (be) good.
basketball. They a film.
1 We (study) a lot because we
4 On Saturday, Owen and Ben
want to do well in the exams.
with the school band. They
2 Italy is a nice place to go on holiday. I’m sure
shopping.
they (have) a good time there.
5 On Sunday, Owen and Ben
3 I (visit) my grandmother after
friends. They homework.
school tomorrow.
4 Let’s go to that new museum in Málaga. I think
we (enjoy) it.
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Grammar reference • Unit 8

Present perfect: affirmative and La forma interrogativa es construeix invertint l’ordre de


negative have i el subjecte.
Have you lived in another country?
Afirmativa Negativa Has Anabel visited the United States?
I’ve climbed a mountain. I haven’t climbed a En les respostes breus s’utilitza l’auxiliar have, sense el
mountain. participi passat.
He / She / It ’s climbed He / She / It hasn’t Have we been to this restaurant before? Yes, we have.
a mountain. climbed a mountain. Has he touched a snake? No, he hasn’t.
You / We / You / They ’ve You / We / You / En les respostes breus afirmatives no es fan servir les
climbed a mountain. They haven’t climbed formes contractes.
a mountain. Have you eaten Mexican food? Yes, I have.
Yes, I’ve.
L’afirmativa del present perfect es forma amb have + el
participi passat del verb. Les partícules interrogatives van davant de have.
I’ve been paragliding four times. What have you done with my camera?
She’s painted a lot of pictures. Who have you seen in concert?
They’ve visited two big theme parks. Where has he been on holiday?
La negativa es construeix amb have + not + el participi Ús
passat. El present perfect es fa servir per descriure experiències
I haven’t ridden a motorbike before. que s’han viscut abans del moment actual.
He hasn’t seen the latest Spiderman film. I have never touched a spider. (No sé quin tacte
We haven’t heard that new song. tenen.)
El participi passat regular es forma afegint -ed a El present perfect també descriu novetats o canvis en
l’infinitiu del verb sense to. una situació.
climb ➞ climbed. He’s broken his leg. (En aquest moment no pot jugar
Nota: alguns participis passats són irregulars. Els a futbol.)
trobaràs a la pàgina 136. El present perfect no es fa servir per dir quan va passar
exactament una acció. En aquest cas s’empra el past
Ús
simple.
En la llengua oral i en el registre informal de la llengua
We saw Jaime on Friday.
escrita, s'utilitzen les formes contractes.
We have seen Jaime on Friday.
I have won a competition. ➞ I’ve won a competition. I went to Zaragoza last week.
He has visited Morocco. ➞ He’s visited Morocco. I have been to Zaragoza last week.
You have flown in a plane. ➞ You’ve flown in a plane.
De vegades es fa servir ever i never amb el present
Present perfect: questions perfect per parlar i fer preguntes sobre experiències.
Ambdós adverbis es col·loquen davant del participi
Interrogativa Respostes breus passat.
Afirmativa Negativa En les preguntes se sol fer servir ever.
Have I swum in a Yes, I have. No, I haven’t. Have you ever been to the UK? (= en qualsevol
river? moment de la teva vida)
Has he / she / it Yes, he / she / it No, he / she / Never significa “not ever”.
swum in a river? has. it hasn’t. He’s never eaten Indian food. (= mai, en cap moment
de la seva vida)
Have you / we / Yes, you / we / No, you / we /
I haven’t ever done that. (= No ho he fet mai.)
you / they swum you / they have. you / they
in a river? haven’t. Never aporta un significat negatiu als verbs afirmatius.
He’s never ridden on a roller coaster.
He hasn’t never ridden on a roller coaster.

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Grammar practice • Unit 8

Present perfect: affirmative and Present perfect: questions


negative 4 Look at the table. Write questions using the
1 Write the past participles. present perfect and ever. Then write short
answers.
break broken
1 climb 6 sing meet a touch a big eat Japanese
2 speak 7 fall famous actor spider food
3 injure 8 begin Martin ✓ ✗ ✓
4 take 9 know
Bella and
5 drink ✗ ✓ ✓
Kim
2 Complete the sentences using the affirmative Has Martin ever met a famous actor?
or negative present perfect form of the verbs Yes, he has.
in the box. 1 Martin a big
spider?
not bake break go read not ride
not see
2 Martin
Adrián is good at sailing. He’s been sailing a lot. Japanese food?
1 My sister is unlucky. She her
arm twice. 3 Bella and Kim
2 You this music video. But a famous actor?
you’ll like it.
3 Pilar is worried. She a horse 4 Bella and Kim
before. a big spider?
4 This is a good book. I it five
times! 5 Bella and Kim
5 I a cake before. This is my Japanese food?
first one!

3 Complete the sentences using the present 5 Order the words to make sentences or
perfect form of one of the verbs in brackets. questions.
My uncle likes travelling and he’s learned four she / ever / has / been / the United States / to ?
different languages. (learn / know) Has she ever been to the United States?
1 Fernando a 15 km race. 1 eaten / food / never / Brazilian / they’ve
That’s a long way! (fly / run)
2 They live far from the coast and they 2 judo / tried / have / ever / you  ?
the sea before. (not see /
not look) 3 never / I’ve / lost / mobile phone / my
3 She’s a children’s author. She
any books for adults. (not send / not write) 4 has / my sister / never / book / this / read
4 You two competitions.
You’re lucky! (lose / win) 5 this / sung / song / ever / have / they  ?
5 I in a mountain river before.
It’s really cold in here! (not swim / not drive)

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2 Grammar reference
& practice Catalan
Grammar reference • Unit 9

Indefinite pronouns: some-, any-, Relative pronouns


no-; everything, everyone and Pronom Ús amb
everywhere
who persones He’s the singer who they saw at
Afirmativa i Negativa i the Benicàssim festival.
interrogativa interrogativa which coses This is the photo which I took in
Objectes something anything Portugal.
nothing where llocs That’s the adventure park where
they went last year.
everything
Llocs somewhere anywhere Els pronoms relatius es fan servir per indicar de quina
nowhere persona, lloc o cosa s'està parlant. Aporten informació
nova sense la qual la frase no estaria completa.
everywhere
El pronom relatiu who fa referència a una persona.
Persones someone anyone That’s the woman who helped me with my heavy bag at
no one the airport.
everyone He’s the student who was very good at windsurfing and
surfing.
Everyone enjoyed the music festival on the beach. You’re the person who I met on the train.
Sara stayed somewhere nice on holiday in Mallorca.
El pronom relatiu which es refereix a una cosa.
We didn’t do anything very exciting on our trip.
This is the chocolate ice cream which we had on holiday
Ús last summer.
Els pronoms indefinits acabats en -thing, -where, -one Have you seen the blue T-shirt which I always wear to
/ body es fan servir quan no es fa referència a un lloc, the beach?
una persona o un objecte concrets. That’s the interesting travel programme which you
Les paraules amb some- i any- s’empren per parlar de enjoy watching.
coses, llocs o persones sense dir exactament qui són. El pronom relatiu where fa referència a un lloc.
I think there’s someone outside our tent. Here’s the Italian restaurant where we had that
Is there anything interesting to do at this campsite? delicious pasta.
Els pronoms indefinits everything, everyone, everywhere This is the place where you can go climbing.
signifiquen “totes les coses, totes les persones, (a) tots That’s the new stadium where my favourite football
els llocs”. team play.
My mum and dad love sightseeing. They’ve seen
everything in this city!
When we went to India last year we travelled
everywhere by train.
Els pronoms nothing, no one, nowhere es fan servir
per fer referència a “cap cosa, cap persona, cap lloc”.
Acompanyen verbs en la forma afirmativa.
Recorda que la forma negativa del verb no es pot fer
servir amb nothing, no one, nowhere.
There’s no one from my school on this course.
There isn’t no one from my school on this course.
Però es pot emprar anything, anyone, anywhere i la
forma negativa del verb amb el mateix significat.
There isn’t anyone from my school on this course.

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2 Grammar reference
& practice Catalan
Grammar practice • Unit 9

Indefinite pronouns: some-, any-, Relative pronouns


no- 4 Complete the definitions with the words in the
1 Choose the correct words. box and who, which or where.
‘Are you hungry?’ ‘No, we ate anything / curry an explorer a goalkeeper
something a few minutes ago.’ a leisure centre a mechanic a panda
1 Where’s my backpack? I can’t see it. I’m sure I a post office
put it nowhere / somewhere near here.
2 We haven’t got a view from our hotel. We can’t A mechanic is a person who repairs cars.
see anything / something. 1 is an animal
3 Look, there’s no one / someone in the lives in China.
swimming pool. He’s swimming fast. 2 is a building
4 Are you going nowhere / anywhere near the you can do sport.
coast this summer? 3 is a person
5 The weather is terrible today. There’s anyone / stops footballs.
no one at all on the beach. 4 is a type of shop
you can send letters.
2 Write sentences using indefinite pronouns 5 is a dish
with some-, any- or no-. comes from India.
We found a place to stay near Cadiz. 6 is a traveller
We found somewhere to stay near Cadiz. finds new places.
1 I think there’s a person at our front door.
5 Complete the article with who, which or where.
2 There’s no place to buy an ice cream here.

3 Come here! We can see a thing in the sea. An amazing escape


4 There isn’t a person in the beach café.

5 When I phoned his house no person answered. M ick Fanning is a


famous surfer who
comes from Australia. When
(5) was on TV.
During the competition there
was a shark (6)
6 I haven’t got a thing to wear today! he was a boy he moved to suddenly attacked Fanning
New South Wales in the water. Fanning hit the
(1) there are shark and swam back to all
Indefinite pronouns: everything, many good surfing beaches. the people (7)
everyone and everywhere were waiting for him on the
He is a very experienced
3 Complete the dialogues with everything, surfer (2) has
beach. Millions of people
everyone or everywhere. later saw his escape on TV.
won many top competitions
‘Was it easy to travel around London?’ He was very lucky to be alive!
around the world and he has
‘Yes, there are bus stops everywhere.’
a nickname (3)
1 ‘Who did you invite to your party?’
is ‘White Lightning’.
‘ I know!’
2 ‘Did you visit all the sights in Seville?’ In 2015 Fanning went to
‘Oh yes. We went .’ South Africa
3 ‘Did you and your friends like the festival?’ (4) he
‘Yes, loved it.’ competed in the J-Bay Open
4 ‘Is there any food that your son doesn’t like?’ finals. It was an important
‘Don’t worry. He eats !’ competition
5 ‘This campsite is quite dirty.’
‘I know. There’s rubbish .’

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