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Turning: ATMH1283 CNC and Workshop Technology Machining Operation Calculation (Turning)

This document discusses turning operations and calculations. It defines turning as using a single-point cutting tool to remove material from a rotating workpiece and form a cylindrical shape. There are three dimensions to machining processes: cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut. Formulas are provided to calculate rotational speed, feedrate, machining time, and material removal rate based on these dimensions and the workpiece geometry. An example calculation for a turning operation is also included.

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Shan Pin
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327 views4 pages

Turning: ATMH1283 CNC and Workshop Technology Machining Operation Calculation (Turning)

This document discusses turning operations and calculations. It defines turning as using a single-point cutting tool to remove material from a rotating workpiece and form a cylindrical shape. There are three dimensions to machining processes: cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut. Formulas are provided to calculate rotational speed, feedrate, machining time, and material removal rate based on these dimensions and the workpiece geometry. An example calculation for a turning operation is also included.

Uploaded by

Shan Pin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ATMH1283 CNC and Workshop Technology

Machining Operation Calculation (Turning)

Turning
 Single point cutting tool removes material from a rotating workpiece to form a
cylindrical shape

 The speed motion in turning is provided by rotating the work part and the feed motion
is achieved by the cutting tool moving slowly in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation
of work piece.

 Three dimensions of a machining process

 Cutting speed v – primary motion (mm/s)

 Feed f – secondary motion (mm/rev)

 Depth of cut d – penetration of tool below original work surface (mm)


ATMH1283 CNC and Workshop Technology
Machining Operation Calculation (Turning)

The turning operation reduces the diameter of the work from its original diameter, D o to a
final diameter Df, as determined by the depth of cut, d.

𝐷𝑓 = 𝐷𝑜 − 2𝑑

The rotational speed, N (of the workpiece) in turning is related to the desired cutting speed,
v at the surface of the cylindrical workpiece by the equation:
𝑣
𝑁=
𝜋𝐷𝑜

Where
N = rotational speed of the spindle, rev/min, RPM
v = cutting speed, mm/min
Do = original diameter of the part, mm

Feedrate, Fr:

The feed, f in turning is generally expressed in mm/rev. This feed can be converted to a
linear travel rate, fr in mm/min by the formula:

𝑓𝑟 = 𝑁𝑓 (rev/min)(mm/rev)
Where
fr = feed rate, mm/min
f = feed per revolution, mm/rev
N = rotational speed of the spindle, rev/min
ATMH1283 CNC and Workshop Technology
Machining Operation Calculation (Turning)

Machining Time, Tm:

The time to machine (Tm) from one end of a cylindrical workpiece to the other (or the effective
length of the workpiece, which known as L, unit in mm) is given by:

𝐿
𝑇𝑚 = (mm)/(mm/s)
𝑓𝑟

Where, fr = Nf

Material Removal Rate, RMR:

For turning, material removal rate RMR can be computed as

RMR = v f d (mm3/s)

Example:

A turning operation is performed on a cylindrical work part whose diameter =120mm and length = 450mm.
Cutting speed = 2.0 m/s, feed = 0.25 mm/rev and depth of cut = 2.2mm, determine:
a) Cutting time and
b) Material removal rate
Given:
Diameter, D =120mm,
Length, l = 450mm,
Cutting speed, v = 2.0 m/s = 2000mm/s,
Feedrate per revolution, f = 0.25 mm/rev, and,
Depth of cut, d = 2.2mm

Calculation:
60𝑣
𝑁 = 𝜋𝐷 (when v is in the unit of mm/s)
𝑜

N = (60 x 2000)/(3.142 x 120)


= 318.3 RPM

Cutting Time, T Material Removal Rate, MRR or RMR


T = l / fN RMR = vfd
= 450 / (0.25*318.3) = 2000 x 0.25 x 2.2 = 1100mm3/s
= 5.66min
ATMH1283 CNC and Workshop Technology
Machining Operation Calculation (Turning)

Planing and Shaping Calculation

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