Electrical Script

Slide 1 and 2:

1. Self introduction
2. Out lines of the electrical works
3. Discuss some basic things regarding the current, by taking appropriate examples.
4. Explain the importance of the electrification requirement in a cell site.

Slide3, 4, and 5:

1. Go through the index and give overall view of the subject.

Slide 6 and 7:

1. Explanation on layout drawing, and the way how those equipments are laid on the site.

Slide 8:

 By showing this slide give an over view of the equipments, which are going to be used in the
shelter.

Slide 9:

1. Explanation on DG, which is used as an alternate source of power supply to run the
equipments, when ever the main fails.
2. Explain how the DG gets started by using alternators.
3. Explain what are the fuels used in the DG.
4. What is the role played by the batteries in the DG?
5. Explain about the working process of the DG.
6. Explain about the input & output supply for DG.

Slide 10 to 17:

1. Explain about the basic Checks to be performed on DG.

2. Explain commissioning of the DG.
3. Check and Record
4. Record the Parameters and Observations
5. Checks to be performed on DG

Slide 18:

1. Explain Auto start mains failure is for automatic control on mains and DG supply.
2. How it could be operated and all.

Slide 19: 1 Explain about the Battery bank which is used for the system to get back up, in the
absence of conventional power supply.

2 Explain about the input & out put details of the Battery.
3 Explain about the working process of the battery.
 Slide 20, 21, and 22:

1. Explain about the Commissioning of Batteries by showing the table.

Slide 23:

1. This slid give the details of various components used in Power Interface Unit.

Slide 24, 25, and 26:

1. Explain about Power Interface Unit, how it transfer the supply to all components in the
shelter.
2. Over view of the components used in PIU.

Slide 27, and 28:

1. The power flow diagram shows how the power flows in the PIU and how the o/p power is
derived.

Slide 29 and 30:

1. Explanation on PIU block diagram in which explanation of each blocks and there
connections are given.

Slide 31:

1. System components of PIU diagram

Slide 32 and 33:

1. Explanation of Static Voltage Regulator and its use. This unit provides the function of an
isolation transformer and the servo stabilizer.
2. Explanation on the taps used in the SVR.
3. Static voltage regulator block diagram.

Slide 34, 35, and 36:

1. Explanation of SVR control card. It monitors the I/P phase to phase voltage and chooses the
required tap to get the O/P regulated.
2. Explanation of SVR Driver card.

Slide 37: -GCU (generator controlled unit)

1. The Generator Controller Unit is used to controls the EB/DG power to the load. It monitors
the EB. In case the EB is out of limits, switches on the DG.
2. By using GCU it is easy to operate start, stop buttons.
3. Explain how the generator is kept on auto mode by using GCU.
4. The wiring connection given of the GCU.
5. Showing the GCU block diagram, explain how the contactors will select the appropriate
healthy section & how it will display the related connection details.
Slide 40: PIU external wiring

1. PIU external wiring diagram helps in showing the details that, how the power plant has
provision to distribute the power among the modules it should be distributed.
2.
a. EB Panel group:
The mains lines RYB will be coming to the PIU from the EB Panel
b. DG group:
The mains lines L, N and DG control/status lines and Battery lines will be
Connected between the PIU and the DG
c. BTS group:
The PFC points showing the status or alarms will be going out form the
d. PIU to the BTS. If there are more than one BTS the PFC expander has to be used.
e. Air Conditioner group:
The Air Conditioner power will be going from the PIU to the AC. The failure PFC’s will be
coming from the AC to the PIU.
f. Power plant group:
The power form the PIU will be going to the AC. The power plant live lines are advised
to be given with separate lines to the power plant. If the power plant has provision to
distribute the power among the modules it should be distributed, else it can be shorted
together and connected the common live line.
g. Room Alarms group:
The Smoke Sensor, Fire Sensor, Door sensor form this group
h. Security area group:
The hooter, hooter reset, buzzer lines form this group
i. Earth pit:
The earth line goes to the earth pit.
Slide 47: SMPS (Switch mode power supply)

1. Switch mode power supply will act as a power plant were by using rectifier , it convert AC
current to DC current for feeding batteries.
2. SMPS takes AC input from PIU.
3. Explain about the commissioning of the SMPS and checks to be performed on the same.

Slide 57: A/C (Air Conditioner)

1. Electronic device used for controlling the temperature and humidity in side the shelter.
2. Their may be one or two AC are provided according to the customer requirement.
3. It has provided with proper stand & proper wiring connections to PIU, Battery, cabling for
A/C to alarm.
4. Ensure how commissioning of A/C to be carried out.

Slide 52: Fire alarm

1. As the equipments used inside or outside of the shelter is likely to damages due to short
circuits.
2. If at all any fault or any problem occurs in or out side of the equipments. These alarms very
actively react with the situations and immediately indicate the same to the BSC. So, that the
Defects can be rectified.
Slide 58: Aviation Lamp

1. This lamp used placed at the top of the tower.

2. This is used to alert the air craft in the night times.
3. The input supply of the lamp can be either DC or AC based on the manufacturer. The power
supply is fed from either batteries or from ACDB.

Slide 59: Lightning arrestor

1. It is used to discharge heavy power to the earth during lightning.

2. It is made up of copper or coated with copper because of its conductivity towards
electricity.

Slide 62: Electrification Works

1. In cell sites the electrification works will be carried out as external & internal works.
2. Explain what those works are.

Slide 63: Layout for Electrical Connections

1. This layout explains us about the electrical connections given for a cell site.

Slide 65: Circuit Breakers

1. The installations of equipments, used in the sites are very expensive. So, it is given at most
importance for the protective devices like Relays & Circuit breakers.
2. Relays are the current sensing devices which will sense the fault current flowing in that
particular line, by step downing the fault current through current transformer. After that it
will give the same message to circuit breaker.
3. Circuit breakers will receive the signal passed by the relays ant it will isolate the faulty

Section from their healthy section.

4. Molded case circuit breaker will be connected in series with the 3-phase line in the PIU.

Slide 67: General Shelter Layout

1. This layout will helps in understanding the various equipments which are going to be used
inside the shelter.
2. It helps in erecting the equipments in their respective positions, as shown in the layout
drawing.
3. Explain the points to be considered while commencing.

Slide 70: Cables

1. A cable is a fairly inflexible set of wires used to supply the electricity to proposed points.
2. Explain the common color code given for the cables.
3. Brief how to identify the cables.
Slide 76: Do’s & Don’ts

1. These are the points, by which we can brief that the points to be done & the points to be not
done while installation/ commissioning / cable connections.

Slide 80: Earthing

1. What is earthing: It can be defined as a system of electrical connections to the general mass
of earth. The characteristic primarily determining the effectiveness of an earth electrode.
This is provided between earthing system and the general mass of earth.
2. Need for earthing: The earthing of an electrical installation has two purposes.
a. To maintain the proper functions of the electrical system. When ever their is a
occurrence of a fault or lightening, high current will be discharged to the ground,
hence protecting the devices.
b. To provide protection for persons or animals against the danger of electric shock.
3. Type for earthing: In our telecom sector we use two types of earthing namely plate earthing
and pipe earthing, based on the type of soil.
a. Pipe earthing is preferred in rocky areas.
b. Mostly we do plate earthing.

Slide 83: Understand the layout of Earthing

1. This layout drawing helps in understanding the earthing connections.

2. Their will be two bus bars namely IGB (internal ground bus bar) and the second one is EGB
(external ground bus bar).
3. IGB will take all the earthing connections from the internal used equipments and the same
is connector the earth pit by means of single earth strip.
4. EGB will take all the earthing connections from the external bodies like shelter, DG etc.
Again this bus bar is connected to earth pit by means of single earth strip.

Slide 85: Equipments to be earthed

1. Explain the equipments to be earthen.

2. Explain how to earthen.

Slide 86: Plate Earthing

1. Explain in brief how earthing procedure is carried out.

a. Initially dig the earth pit as per the specifications given in the drawing.
b. Harden the surrounding soil of the pit.
c. Pour a mixture of charcoal and common salt layer wise from the bottom of earth pit.
This mixture will increase the conductive property of the copper plate.
d. Copper plate is attached to the GI strip by means of by metallic bolts, nut and with
proper clamps.
e. Copper plate helps to take surge currents in to the ground as it is good conductor of
electricity.
f. Funnel with wire mesh is provided to pore water- mixed with salt at the time of
maintenance.
g. Each earth pits are connected internally called grid.
 h. Explain the mason’s works to be carried out.

Slide 91: Instrument to measure resistance

 Instrument to measure resistance is megger.

Slide 92: Procedure for measuring resistance of earth pit

1. Each Earth Resistance Tester consists four terminals namely E1, P1, P2 and E2.

2. In order to measure the resistance of the earth pit, we should ensure that there are no
electrical connections to the earthing electrode.

3. Before testing we should short the terminals of E1 and P1, take a wire from that shorted
connection, which should be given to the earth pit electrode.

4. Two connections should be given from P2, E2 to two separate spikes/stakes.

5. These spikes should be placed on opposite sides with reference to the earth pit.

6. These spikes should be placed at a distance of 5metres (approx.)

Slide 94: Standard Resistance requirement for an Earth pit

 According to IS3043 (code for earthing details) the value should be less than 1W, preferably
0.7W

 The value may vary depending upon the customer requirement. ( but it should be less than
1W )

Slide 95: Basic ingredients of good earth connection are:

a) Low electrical resistance to earth.

b) Good corrosion resistance.

c) Ability to carry high currents repeatedly.

d) A reliable long life system.

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