MEP: Demonstration Project Teacher Support Y9B, P11

Practice Book UNIT 11 Algebraic Manipulation Answers

11.1 Equations, Formulae and Identities

1. (a) x=3 (b) x = 13 (c) x=6 (d) x=5 (e) x = 12
(f) x = 14 (g) x = 15 (h) x=6 (i) x = 36

2. (a) x=5 (b) x=6 (c) x=2 (d) x=7 (e) x=9
(f) x=4 (g) x=2 (h) x = 77 (i) x = 16 (j) x = −1
1
(k) x = −2 (l) x = − 20
2
3. (a) C = 25 (b) C = 20 (c) C = 70

4. (a) v = 23 (b) v = 7.2 (c) v = 118 (d) v = − 4.4

5. (a) A = 42 (b) A = 78 (c) A = 9.6 (d) A = 23.4

6. (a) 11.5 (b) 43 (c) 34.5 (d) 15 (e) – 12

(f) 92.25 (g) 40 (h) 30 (i) 57

7. (a) y=7 (b) x=7 (c) x = 3.25

8. (a) m=9 (b) x=2 (c) z = 15

9. (a) F = 212 (b) F = 140 (c) F = 32

10. A and D

11. (a) n+2 (b) n −1 (c) 2n

(d) No, Jacob is not holding the same number of cubes in each hand.
2 n − 1 = n + (n − 1) , so he has one more cube in the hand with 2 n − 1 than in the hand
with 2 (n − 1) .

12. (a) n+5 (b) t−2 (c) B, D and E

13. (a) m + 2n + p
(b)
4h − 1 8u
2h − 1 2h 3t + 6 u 2u − 3t
h−1 h h 3t + 4 u 2u − 3t

(c) The top brick contains 2 h + 2 j + 2 k = 2 (h + j + k )

2h + 2 j + 2k
which, being a double, is bound to be an even number
as h, j and k are integers. 2h + j j + 2k

2h j 2k

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11.2 Answers

11.2 Simplifying Expressions

1. (a) 6a + b (b) 10 b + 5 c (c) 3a + 7b (d) 6 p + 14 q
(e) 14 x + 5 y (f) 11 x + 6 y + 7 z (g) 13 x − 12 y (h) 3 y + 16 z

2. (a) 2x 2 + 7x (b) 2y 2 + 7y (c) 4a 2 − a (d) − 3 x 2 + 15 x

3. (a) 1 3 x + 18 (b) 4x + 8 (c) 3x − 3

(d) 8 x + 20 (e) 18 x − 30 (f) 14 x − 35
(g) 24 − 12 x (h) 24 − 40 x (i) 45 x + 90

4. (a) 6 x + 22 (b) 7 x − 24 (c) 10 x + 31

(d) 39 x − 10 (e) 4 x − 20 (f) 3x

5. (a) x 2 + 3x (b) 6x 2 + x (c) 3x 2 − 2 x

(d) 8x − 2x 2 (e) 12 x 2 + 24 x (f) 15 x 2 − 35 x
(g) 11 x 2 − 33 x (h) 28 x + 42 x 2 (i) 24 x − 12 x 2

6. (a) x 2 + 7 x + 12 (b) x 2 + 6x + 8 (c) x 2 + 6x + 5

(d) x 2 + 5x − 6 (e) x 2 −2 x − 8 (f) x2− x −6
(g) x 2 − 9 x + 20 (h) x 2 − 5x + 6 (i) x 2 − 16 x + 63

7. (a) 2 x 2 + 9 x + 10 (b) 2 x 2 + 14 x + 16 (c) 7 x + 18

(d) − 2 x + 23

8. (a) 6x 2 + 7x + 2 (b) 8 x 2 − 10 x − 7 (c) 6 x 2 − 14 x − 40

(d) 12 x 2 − 17 x − 40 (e) 24 x 2 − 18 x − 6 (f) 18 x 2 − 57 x + 35

9. (a) 27 x 2 + 11 x + 28 (b) 14 x 2 + 23 x + 3 (c) − 10 x + 30

10. (a) x 2 + 2x +1 (b) x 2 − 4x + 4 (c) x 2 + 6x + 9

(d) x 2 + 10 x + 25 (e) x 2 − 14 x + 49 (f) x 2 − 16 x + 64

(g) x 2 + 20 x + 100 (h) x 2 − 24 x + 144 (i) x 2 + 8 x + 16

(j) 4 x 2 + 12 x + 9 (k) 16 x 2 − 56 x + 49 (l) 9 x 2 + 12 x + 4

(m) 16 x 2 + 8 x + 1 (n) 25 x 2 − 20 x + 4 (o) 36 x 2 − 48 x + 16

11. (a) x2−1 (b) x2−9 (c) x 2 − 49 (d) x 2 − 81

(e) x 2 − 144 (f) 4x 2 − 1 (g) 9x 2 − 4 (h) 16 x 2 − 49

12. (a) x 3 + 3x 2 + 3x + 1 (b) 8 x 3 + 12 x 2 + 6 x + 1 (c) x 3 − 15 x 2 + 75 x − 125

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11.2 Answers

13. (a) (b) (c) and

n÷2 n2 n+n 2n

(d) or etc.
5n n+ n+ n+n+ n

14. (a) (i) Area of rectangle A = 100 cm 2

Area of rectangle B = 80 cm 2
Area of rectangle C = 40 cm 2
Area of rectangle D = 32 cm 2
(ii) Total area = 252 cm 2 (iii) 252

(b) (i) Area of rectangle E = n 2 cm 2

Area of rectangle F = 3n cm 2
Area of rectangle G = 2 n cm 2
Area of rectangle H = 6 cm 2
(ii) n 2 + 5n + 6

15. (a) 9 x − 14 (b) x 2 + 5x + 6

(c) x 2 + 3x − 4 (d) x 2 − 4x + 4

16. (a) n2−1 (b) 82

(c) first number in row n n 2 − 2n + 2

second number in row n n 2 − 2n +3

(d) centre number in row n n2− n +1

centre number in row n + 1 (n + 1) 2 − (n + 1) + 1

(e) (n + 1) 2 − (n + 1) + 1 ( )
= n 2 + 2 n + 1 − (n + 1) + 1

= n 2 +2n + 1 − n − 1 + 1
= n 2 +n + 1

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11.3 Answers

11.3 Factorising
1. (a) 2 (2 x − 1) (b) 6 ( x − 2) (c) 5 ( x − 4)

(d) 4 ( x + 8) (e) 2 (3 x − 4 ) (f) 4 (2 − 3 x )

(g) 7 (3 x − 2 ) (h) 5 (3 x + 4 ) (i) 10 (3 − x )

2. (a) x ( x + 4) (b) x ( x − 3) (c) x (4 − x )

(d) 2 x (3 x + 4 ) (e) 3 x (3 x + 5) (f) 7 x ( x − 3)

(g) 7 x (4 − 5 x ) (h) 2 x ( 3 x − 7) (i) x (5 x − 3)

3. (a) x 2 ( x + 1) (b) x 2 (2 − x ) (c) 2 x 2 (2 x − 1)

(d) 4 x 2 (2 x + 1) (e) 4 x 2 (4 − 9 x ) (f) 2 x 2 (2 x + 11)

(g) 2 x 2 (8 − 3 x ) (h) 7 x 2 (2 x + 3) (i) 7 x 2 ( 4 x − 7)

4. (a) x 2 − 25 (b) ( x + 5) ( x − 5)
(c) (i) ( x + 7) ( x − 7 ) (ii) ( x + 8) ( x − 8) (iii) ( x + 10) ( x − 10)
(iv) ( x + a) ( x − a) (v) ( x + 2 b) ( x − 2 b)

5. (a) ( x + 3) ( x + 4) (b) ( x + 1) ( x + 7) (c) ( x + 2 ) ( x + 9)

(d) ( x + 3) ( x + 9) (e) ( x + 7) ( x + 10) (f) ( x + 2) ( x + 4)
(g) ( x + 2) ( x + 14) (h) ( x + 7) ( x + 11) (i) ( x + 7) ( x + 9)

6. (a) ( x + 2) ( x − 1) (b) ( x + 5) ( x − 4) (c) ( x + 3) ( x − 4)

(d) ( x − 4 ) ( x − 9) (e) ( x − 2) ( x − 8) (f) ( x + 7) ( x − 6)
(g) ( x + 15) ( x − 2) (h) ( x − 8) ( x − 9) (i) ( x + 9) ( x − 11)
7. a=x−5

8. a=x+5

9. h=x+5

10. a = 10

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11.4 Answers

11.4 Using Formulae

1. (a) 4 (b) 11 (c) 14 (d) 29
(e) –6 (f) 37 (g) 0 (h) 2
(i) 14 (j) – 24 (k) – 44 (l) – 41

2. (a) p = x + ( x + 1) + ( x + 2) + ( x + 2) = 4 x + 5 (b) p = 61 (c) x = 17

3. (a) p = x + (2 x + 1) + x + (2 x + 1) = 6 x + 2 (b) p = 44 (c) x = 30

4. (a) p = ( x + 9) + ( x + 12) + ( x + 9) + ( x + 12) = 4 x + 42

(b) p = 78 (c) x = 19
1
5. (a) Area = π r 2 ; perimeter = π r + 2 r (b) Area = 39.27 cm 2 ; perimeter = 25.71 cm
2
40 2 × 18
(c) r= = 7.78 cm (d) r= = 3.39 cm
(π + 2) π

6. (a) C = 50 m + 180 (b) £3.30 (c) 8.4 miles

7. (a) Amount made = 0.4 x − 50 (b) He makes a profit of £30.

(c) He makes a loss of £10. (d) 375

8. (a) M = W + 22 (b) W = M − 22 (c) M = 15 (d) W = − 25

1
9. (a) p = 17 (b) C = 17 x + 20 (c) 4 hours
2

10. (a) Area of left hand shape = ( x + 1) × ( x + 10) + 1 × ( x + 4)

( )
= x 2 + 11 x + 10 + x + 4

= x 2 + 12 x + 14

Area of right hand shape = ( x + 7) × (2 x + 2)

= 2 x 2 + 16 x + 14
(b) Alan is incorrect. The two shapes do not have the same area.

11. (a) F = 60 x + 40 y = 60 × 65 + 40 × 80 = 3900 + 3200 = 7100

∴ income = 7100 pence = £71.

(b) F = 60 x + 40 y ⇒ 4800 = 60 × 50 + 40 y
⇒ 4800 = 3000 + 40 y ⇒ 1800 = 40 y
⇒ y = 1800 ÷ 40 ⇒ y = 45
∴ 45 tubs were sold.
(c) 46%

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11.4 Answers

(d) (i) 15 000 {or 14 700 or 14 500}

(ii) 50 pence (iii) £7500 {or £7350 or £7250}

12. (a) s = ut +
1
2
(
a t 2 = (0.25 × 3.5) + 0.5 × ( − 0.05) × 3.5 2 )
= 0.875 − 0.30625 = 0.56875

∴ distance travelled = 0.56875 m forwards = 56.875 cm forwards

(b) v = u + a t = 0.25 + (( − 0.05) × 3.5) = 0.25 − 0.175 = 0.075

∴ final speed = 0.075 m/s forwards = 7.5 cm/s forwards

13. (a) If n = 3,
(
n n2+1 ) = 3 (3 2
) = 3 × (9 + 1) = 3 × 10 = 30 = 15
+1
2 2 2 2 2
∴ the formula works for Eleri's 3 × 3 magic square.

(b) n 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

magic number 1 5 15 34 65 111 175 260 369 505

n 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

magic number 671 870 1105 1379 1695 2056 2465 2925 3439 4010

Tony's magic square was 18 × 18 .

14. (a) If x = 0 and y = 2, then y = 6 + c (10 − x ) 2 ⇒ 2 = 6 + c (10 − 0) 2

⇒ 2 = 6 + 100 c ⇒ − 4 = 100 c
⇒ c = − 0.04

(b) ( )
When x = 0, y = − 0.1 x 2 − 6 x − 16 = − 0.1 0 2 − [6 × 0] − 16 ( )
= ( − 0.1) × ( − 16) = 1.6

∴ the ball left Alan's hand at a height of 1.6 metres.

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