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Vibro Techniques PDF

Here are the key steps to solve this problem: 1. Given: Clay thickness = 10m, Clay cohesion = 37.5 kN/m^2, Clay unit weight = 17.5 kN/m^3 Stone column diameter = 0.6m, Center-to-center spacing = 1.2m, Pattern = equilateral triangle, Stone column length = 10m (clay thickness) 2. Calculate area replacement ratio: As/A = πr^2/4/Acell Where, Acell for equilateral triangle pattern = (√3/2)c^2 Putting values, As/A = 15% 3. Estimate load carrying capacity

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Sangeeth Thomas
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127 views41 pages

Vibro Techniques PDF

Here are the key steps to solve this problem: 1. Given: Clay thickness = 10m, Clay cohesion = 37.5 kN/m^2, Clay unit weight = 17.5 kN/m^3 Stone column diameter = 0.6m, Center-to-center spacing = 1.2m, Pattern = equilateral triangle, Stone column length = 10m (clay thickness) 2. Calculate area replacement ratio: As/A = πr^2/4/Acell Where, Acell for equilateral triangle pattern = (√3/2)c^2 Putting values, As/A = 15% 3. Estimate load carrying capacity

Uploaded by

Sangeeth Thomas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Deep

Vibratory
Techniques
Vibroflot
Diameter: 0.3m – 0.45m

Length : 2.0m – 4.5m

Total weight: 4t – 8t

Centrifugal force : 300kN

Frequency : 30 – 50Hz

Max. amplitude 5 – 23mm


Vibro compaction
Deep compaction technique for densifying granular soils with
fines less than 10-15%.

The process is done in-situ using a vibroflot

Water under high pressure is jetted sideways and downwards


from the vibroflot to assist the penetration process.

Loose and gravel particles are replaced to a denser state under the
simultaneous influence of vibration and saturation.
Vibro replacement
• Vibro replacement technique used in soils that do not respond
well to vibrations alone ( too cohesive, more than 15% fines).

• The improvement is achieved by creating columns of crushed


stone.

• This process improves the shearing resistance of the treated


ground enabling increased load bearing and reduces
settlement.
Vibro replacement involves two primary
construction methods

Wet top feed method

Dry bottom feed method


Wet top feed method
Dry bottom feed method
Failure Mechanism
Basic design parameters
Stone columns are constructed usually in a
equilateral triangular pattern although square
pattern is sometimes used

Equilateral triangular pattern gives more dense


packing
Equilateral triangular
pattern
Square pattern
Unit cell concept

For the purpose of settlement and stability


analysis it is convenient to associate the tributary
area of soil in the analysis of stone column
Tributary area forms a regular hexagon

Approximated as an equivalent circle having the


same total area
Area replacement ratio
The volume of soil replaced by stone column has an important
effect on the performance of improved ground, which is
quantified by the term called area replacement ratio.

𝐴𝑠
𝑎𝑠 =
𝐴

A = As +Ag
Stress concentration
The distribution of vertical stress within a unit cell can
be expressed by a stress concentration factor

𝜎𝑠
𝑛=
𝜎𝑔
s
Field Load Test
• Initial load test should be performed as a trial test at
site to evaluate the load settlement behaviour of the
stone column system
• The test should be conducted on a single column as
well as group of minimum three columns
• For initial load test in order to simulate the field
condition of compaction soil a minimum of seven
columns for single load test and
• twelve columns for three group test has to be
constructed for triangular pattern as shown in figure.
A highway embankment is to be constructed of height 10m over a
soft clay deposit of 10m thick overlying firm dense sand. The soft
clay has an undrained cohesion of 37.5kN/m2 and unit weight of
γ = 17.5kN/m3. It is decided to adopt stone column technique to
improve the load carrying capacity of soft clay deposit. If a
equilateral pattern of stone column is adopted with a c/c spacing
of 1.2m and the diameter as 0.6m, Estimate the load carrying
capacity of stone column as per IS15284 (Part 1): 2003. Assume
the stone column as an end bearing long column of length 10m.

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