WORD STRESS AND PREFIXES & SUFFIXES

Trabajo N°: 6
Nombre del Alumno: Guadalupe Fowler
Nombre del Profesor: Patricia Lludgar- Lic. Julieta Nievas.
Asignatura: Fonética y Fonología Inglesa II
Carrera: Tecnicatura Superior en Traducción de Inglés
Curso: 2° año
Fecha: 26/06/2020

Villa María

2020
Unit 10

Exercises

10. 1) Are these one-stress words (write 1) or two-stress words (2)? Circle the main

stressed syllables and underline the secondary stressed syllables. Use your dictionary if

necessary.

EXAMPLES experiment (1) thermostatic (2)

1 occasional (1) 4 cosmopolitan (2) 7 electronic (2)

2 supplement (1) 5 pedestrian (1) 8 spectacular (1)

3 temperamental (2) 6 incoherent (2) 9 documentary (2)

A41. Now listen, check your answers and repeat the words.

10. 2) Underline the syllable you think is most likely to have prominence in the words

in bold. In which two of these words is stress shift not possible? Stress shift (*)

EXAMPLES: We used to live near the Berlin Wall. She's got a job in Berlin.

1 I'm working on my pronunciation. * 6 There was a satisfactory outcome. *

2 It was just a routine job. * 7 The country was declared

3 The film was made for propaganda independent.

purposes. 8 I love living next to the

4 The region has a Mediterranean Mediterranean.

climate. * 9 It cost sixteen euros. *

S Next month she'll be sixteen.

10 The book was just political 12 They appointed an independent

propaganda. * judge. *

11 The operation was quite routine. 13 The result was satisfactory.

14 I'm doing a pronunciation course.

A42. Now listen and check your answers. Then say the sentences aloud.

10. 3) Listen and underline the syllable that has main stress in these words.

A43.

Handbag Disarming

Lifelike Subjective

Concise Footbridge

Paintbox Tablecloth

Now use the words to complete these conversations. Then underline the syllable in the

word that you think is likely to be prominent.

EXAMPLE A: So we have to take the old footpath?

B: No, we take the old footbridge

1. A: So you thought the work was precise?

B: No, I said it was concise.

2. A: You've lost your handbook, have you?

 B: No, I've lost my handbag.

3. A: Yes, I thought the performance was lifeless, too.

B: No, I said I thought it was lifelike.

4. A: I didn't think his findings were very objective.

B: No, they were very subjective.

5. A: Does the tabletop need washing?

B: No, the tablecloth.

6. A: I've brought you the paintbrush you asked for.

B: No, I wanted my paintbox.

7. A: Did you say the country's rearming?

B: No, it's disarming.

A44. Now listen, check your answers and repeat the corrections.

Follow up: Do you know of any differences in stress in words in British English and in

another variety of English you are familiar with?

Unit 11

Exercises

11. 1) Complete the sentences with pairs of words from B opposite. You should also

mark the stress.

EXAMPLE The herb is used for me'dicinal purposes, although it isn't usually

thought of as a 'medicine.

1. The journey was a disaster; in fact, the whole vacation was disastrous.
2. The decision was an outrage – quite outrageous. I was appalled.

3. Regard of his mistakes, the president continues to be held in high regardless.

4. Workers in the steel industry are generally skilled and industrious.

5. The Democrats' lead is now eight percent points, and has risen three percentage in

the last week.

6. Her mysterious disappearance was never explained, and her whereabouts remain a

mystery until today.

7. The region is mainly agricultural land and most people here still work in

agriculture.

A48. Now listen and check your answers. Then say the sentences aloud, paying

attention to the stress in the words you have written.

11. 2) This speaker is talking about the difficulty of getting cars repaired. Focus on the

words ending with the suffixes -able and -al (in bold). Listen and tick ( ) the words

which follow the rule given in B - that is, they have the same stress pattern as their root.

A49.

You hear about the poor quality of car repairs so often nowadays. You just can't find

dependable ( ) mechanics, and the problem seems to be universal (X).

For example, the other day I was having problems starting my car, so I took it to a

reputable (X) garage.

At least I'd heard it was quite reliable ( ). The people there seemed quite professional

( ), and they said it looked like just a minor mechanical ( ) problem.

They said it would cost about € l OO, which seemed quite acceptable ( ). But when I

picked it up, they'd badly scratched the paintwork. They apologised, and said it was

accidental (X) and offered to re-spray it, but whether they'll do a good job is debatable

( ).

11. 3) Here are some extracts from a radio news programme. Underline the syllable in

each word in bold that you think is likely to be made prominent. Remember, some of

the words in bold are likely to have stress shift.

EXAMPLE: An aircraft that crashed three years ago in the Andes has been found by

mountaineers.

1. A report on the problem of absentee landlords is to be published today.

2. Five thousand volunteer helpers are to be recruited for the next Olympic Games.

3. Mandarin and Cantonese are the most widely spoken languages in China.

4. The government is considering a ban on roulette.

5. There has been an outbreak of cholera among Sudanese villagers.

A 50. Now listen and check your answers. Then read the extracts aloud.

Follow up: How many other country adjectives ending in -ese can you think of? How

would you say them:

(i) On their own; (ii) in the context 'the .......................... people' (e.g. the Japanese

people)?
Unit 12

Exercises

12. 1)You will hear some short definitions. After each definition press 'pause', choose

from the box and write the word that it relates to. When you press 'play' again you will

hear the correct answer.

Repeat it and then continue in the same way.

Cooperative Hostility Editorial

Prosecution Photographic Speculation

Allergic Impulsive Familiarity

EXAMPLE Having an allergy. Allergic

1. Hostility 3. Cooperative 5. Speculation 7. Familiarity

2. Prosecution 4. Editorial 6. Impulsive 8. Photographic

One of the words in the box above is an exception to the rule given at the beginning of

A opposite. Which is it?

- It’s Cooperative.

Write the words from the box in the correct column according to the pronunciation of

---tion, -sion, or -ssion.

Accommodation Celebration Combustion

Congestion Depression Digestion

Explosion Expression Invasion

Erosion Comprehension

Revision Exhaustion

Suspension

/tʃən/ (e.g. suggestion) /ʃən/ (e.g. education) /ʒən/ (e.g. decision)

Combustion Accommodation Erosion

Congestion Celebration Revision

Digestion Comprehension Invasion

Exhaustion Depression Explosion

Expression

Suspension

Now listen and check your answers. Then say the words aloud.

Underline the syllable which you think has the main stress in the following words.

Resident Informant Maintenance

Excellence Defiant Insistence

Coincidence Assistant Reference

Performance Acceptance Applicant

Correspondent Convergence Significance

Now listen and check your answers. Then say the words aloud.

One of these words is an exception to the rules in B opposite. Which is it?

- It’s Excellence.
Decide whether the words in exercise 12.3 have the same stress pattern as their root

word (write S) or a different stress pattern (write D).

EXAMPLES: Resident (D) ('resident - re'side)

Performance (S) (per'formance - per'form)

Excellence (D) ('excellence - ex'cel)

Coincidence (D) (co'incidence - coin'cide)

Correspondent (S) (corre'spondent - corre'spond)

Informant (S) (in'formant - in'form)

Defiant (S) (de'fiant - de'fy)

Assistant (S) (as'sistant - as'sist)

Acceptance (S) (ac'ceptance - ac'cept)

Convergence (S) (con'vergence - con'verge)

Maintenance (D) ('maintenance - main'tain)

Insistence (S) (in'sistence - in'sist)

Reference (D) ('reference - re'fer)

Applicant (D) ('applicant - a'pply)

Significance (D) (sig'nificance - 'signify)

Now listen to the root words and check your answers.

Follow up: Next time you read a book or an article, note down words ending in -ion.

Mark the stress on them, then check in a dictionary to see if you were right. You can

also add words ending in -tion, -sion and -ssion to the appropriate column in the table in

exercise 12.2.
Unit 13

Exercises

13. 1) Which of these words have main stress on the same syllable as their root word?

Write S (Same) or D (Different).

EXAMPLES: Familiarise (S) (fa'miliarise - fa'miliar)

Cancellation (D) (cancel'lation - 'cancel)

Intervention (S) Maturity (S) Delivery (S)

Security (S) Stupidity (S) Precision (S)

Advantageous (D) Application (D) Preference (D)

Canadian (D) Sanity (S) Sincerity (S)

Consumption (S) Normality (D) Diversion (D)

A 62. Now listen and check your answers.

13. 2) Look again at the words in exercise 13.1 with main stress on the same syllable as

their root.

Underline the ones which have a different vowel sound in the main stressed syllable

from that in the main stressed syllable in their root. (Some of these are given in A and B

opposite.)

EXAMPLE: Intervention (inter'vention /e/ - inter'vene /i:/)

Security (security /ʊə/ - secure /ʊə/)

Advantageous (advantageous /eɪ/ - advantage /ɑː/)

Canadian (Canadian /eɪ/ - Canada / æ/)

Consumption (consumption /ʌ/ - consume /uː/)

Maturity (maturity /ʊə/ - mature /ʊə/)

Stupidity (stupidity /ɪ/ - stupid /uː/)

Application (application /eɪ/ - apply /aɪ/)

Sanity (sanity /æ/ - sane /eɪ/)

Normality (normality /æ/ - normal /ɔː/)

Delivery (delivery /ɪ/ - deliver /ɪ/)

Precision (precision /ɪ/ - precise /aɪ/)

Preference (preference /e/ - prefer /ɜː/)

Sincerity (sincerity /e/ - sincere /ɪə/)

Diversion (diversion /ɜː/ - divert /ɜː/)

Now listen again to the words in exercise 13.1 and check your answers.

13. 3 Complete each pair of sentences using pairs of words from the box.

collide-collision example-exemplary

compete-competitive nation-national

divide-division subscribe-subscription

EXAMPLE a. It costs £10 a year to subscribe to the sports centre.

b I've taken out an annual subscription to the magazine.

 1) a. We'll divide the money between us.

b. Brighton football club was promoted to the first division.

2) a. It's difficult to stay competitive in business.

b. He was much faster and I couldn't compete with him.

3) a. Rod broke his leg in the collision.

b. They say the comet is going to collide with Saturn.

4) a. She set a good example to her younger sister.

b. Their behaviour was exemplary.

5) a. The first of May is a national holiday.

b. Practically the whole nation watched the eclipse.

A63. Now listen and check your answers.

13.4) Then read the sentences aloud. Write the words from the box in the correct

column according to the vowel sound in the main stressed syllable of their root word.

There are three words in each column.

Commercial Modernity Decision

Evolution Speciality Magnetic

Influential Historic Symbolic

Applicant Calculation Demonstration

Accidental Financial Medicinal

Vowel sound /ɒ/ (as in stop) /ɪ/ (as in sit) /aɪ/ (as in /æ/ (as in /e/ (as in pen)

in main drive) black)

stressed

syllable of root
Commercial Influential Applicant Accidental Demonstration

Evolution Historical Decision Calculation Medicinal

Modernity Symbolic Financial Magnetic Speciality

Their roots all have /ɒ/ in their main stressed syllable: commerce, evolve, modern.

Their roots all have /ɪ/ in their main stressed syllable: influence, history, symbol.

Their roots all have /aɪ/ in their main stressed syllable: apply, decide, finance.

Their roots all have /æ/ in their main stressed syllable: accident, calculate, magnet.

Their roots all have /e/ in their main stressed syllable: demonstrate, medical, special.

Unit 14

Exercises

14. 1) Complete the sentences with words from the box in B opposite. Underline the

syllable that you think will have the main stress in these words.

EXAMPLE They're going to reˈplace most of the workers with machines.

1. It's unˈwise to forecast the weather too far ahead.

2. I haven't had time to unˈpack since I got back from holiday.

3. We have to disˈcourage her from working too hard.

4. Parking on a double yellow line is iˈllegal.

A67. Now listen and check your answers. Then say the sentences aloud.

14. 2) Write the same words from exercise 14.1 (including the example) in the spaces in

these conversations. Again, underline the syllables that you think will have the main

stress in these words.

EXAMPLE: A: Would it be a wise investment? B: No, I think it would be very unwise.

1. A: Did you say you've misplaced your keys? B: No, I said I have to replace them.

2. A: I suppose it's legal to bring alcohol into the country? B: No, it's completely illegal.

3. A: Did it take long to pack your case? B: Ages, but it won't take long to unpack it.

4. A: Did your teacher encourage you to do the maths course? B: No, she tried to

discourage me from doing it.

A68. Now listen, check your answers and say the B parts aloud.

14. 3) Write the verbs from the box in the correct column according to the usual

pronunciation of the de- or re- prefix. Some are done for you .

Debug devalue resit demote reconsider

destabilise replace delineate recharge descend

relapse deform reflect review refresh

deflate reapply restructure deregulate

/diː-/ /dɪ-/ /riː-/ /rɪ-/

Debug Deflate Reapply Reflect

Deregulate Deform Recharge Refresh

 Destabilise Delineate Reconsider Relapse

Devalue Demote Resit Replace

Descend Restructure Review

A69. Now listen and check your answers. Then say the words aloud.

14. 4) Choose words from D opposite to complete the pairs of sentences. Use the same

word in each pair. Think about the pronunciation of the words you have written and say

the sentences aloud.

EXAMPLE a. The band hasn't played together for years, but they've said they'll

reform for the charity concert. (/ˌriːˈfɔːm/= form again)

b. The government are going to reform health care. (/rɪˈfɔːm/= improve)

1) a. She'd been seriously ill and it took her a long time to recover. (=get well)

b. The chair was badly stained, so we had to recover it. (=cover again)

2) a. He hasn't agreed yet to resign for the club for the next baseball season. (=sign

again)

b. If working conditions don't improve soon, she's threatening to resign. (=give up a

job)

3) a. When the phone rang, I forgot how many books I'd already put in the box, so I had

to remark them. (=mark again)

b He liked to remark his wartime experiences to anyone who'd listen. (=comment)

A70. Now listen and check.

Unit 15
 Exercises

15. 1) Here are the titles of some research papers given at a conference on education.

Look at the words in bold (some are given in A opposite) and underline the syllable that

you think will be prominent.

EXAMPLE Why do children become hyperactive?

Conference Time Room No. Coffee Break @

1. Assessing the benefits of co-education. 12.00 13 12.30

2. Activating the subconscious for reading development. 12.00 11 12.30
3. Technology and tradition in the classroom: exploring the interface. 12.30 14 13.15
4. Motivating underachievers: using subtitles in language learning. 13.00 13 13.30
5. Superstars as role models for children: going on the counteroffensive. 14.00 14 14.45
6. Children's interest in the supernatural: some worrying undercurrents. 14.00 10 14.30
7. Teachers and pupils as co-writers: an experiment in the use of 15.00 15 15.30

hypertext.
8. Making science education international: a study of British teachers and 14.45 13 15.15

their Kenyan counterparts.

A74. Now listen and check your answers. Then read the titles aloud.

15. 2) Match each word 1-7 with a word from the list a-g. Matched words must have the

same number of syllables and follow the same stress pattern. Words 1-7 are from A and

B opposite.
EXAMPLE 1-c (co-exist and interlinked both have three syllables with main stress on

the last syllable – o o O )

1. co-exist a. cohabit

2. counterproductive b. counterclockwise

3. interchangeable c. interlinked

4. hyperspace d. hypersensitive

5. substandard e. subcommittee

6. superstructure f. superstore

7. undercover g. underdeveloped

1_C 2_G 3_D 4_F 5_A 6_E 7_B

A75. Now listen and check your answers. Then listen again and repeat the words.

15. 3) Focus on the words in bold (some are given in C opposite), and underline the

syllable you think is likely to have prominence. Which words have stress shift (that is,

prominence on the prefix), and which do not?

EXAMPLE He was sacked for unacceptable conduct. (has stress shift)

1. She was wearing impractical shoes.

2. The government has promised to review hospital funding.

3. He tends to use rather impolite language.

4. There were too many misplaced passes in the football match.

5. The police have prosecuted a number of dishonest landlords.

6. The cream is very good for dehydrated skin.

7. He undressed quickly.

A76. Now listen and check your answers. Then listen again and repeat the sentences.

Follow up: What other words do you know beginning sub- or super-? Where do they

have their main stress? (Use a dictionary to check.)

Unit 21

Exercises

21. 1) Listen and repeat these sentences. Prominent syllables are in capital letters. Focus

in particular on copying the non-prominent forms of the function words, in green.

B 18.

1. Do they LIKE each other?

2. I SAW somebody at the WINdow.

3. There was a LETter from his BROther.

4. There should be some MORE in the BOX.

5. We were GOing to see her PArents .

6. She doesn't LOOK as OLD as me.

7. WHEN do you get the reSULTS of your TESTS?

8. I was at HOME from EIGHT o'CLOCK.

21. 2) Do you think the words in bold will have their weak (write W) or strong form (S)

in these dialogues?

EXAMPLE a. A: That ice-cream looks nice. B: Do you want some? (S)

b A: I'm really thirsty. B: There's some orange juice in the kitchen. (W)

1) a. A: Do you think I should apologise? B: Yes, I'm sure that would help. (W)

b. A: Did you get 1 00% on the test? B: No, I spelt 'would' wrong. (S)

2) a. A: I was in Slovenia last weekend. B: What were you doing there? (W)

b. A: Why weren't you and Amy at the party? B: But we were. (S)

3) a. A: What have you got there? B: It's a present from Alex. (S)

b. A: Is this a card for Simon's birthday? B: No, it's from Simon. (W)

4) a. A: Why did you mark it wrong? B: You wrote 'your' instead of 'you'. (S)

b. A: We are off to Scotland again in the summer. B: Are you going with your sister?

(W)

5) a. A: Can I borrow your screwdriver? B: What do you want it for? (S)

b. A: Did the phone ring? B: Yes, it was for David. (W)

B 19. Now listen and check your answers. Then say the B parts aloud.

21. 3) Listen. Write the number of words you hear in each space.

B20

EXAMPLE . (2) leaving now (3) staying?

Are you leaving now or are you staying?

l. (2) waiting (2) brother.

They were waiting for their brother.

2. I knew (3) going (2) late again.

I knew that she was going to be late again.

3. (2) take (3) swimming pool?

Would you take her to the swimming pool?

4. I thought (4) station already, (3) wrong.

I thought we were at the station already, but I was wrong.

5. (2) go to the zoo, (4) before?

Shall we go to the zoo, or have you been before?

6. (3) more books here (3) have.

There are some more books here that he could have.

7. He asked (3) money (2) lent (3)

He asked me for some money and I lent it to him.

8. She told (6) better off going by bus.

She told me that we would have been better off going by bus.

Now check your answers in the Key. Then listen again and repeat the sentences.

Follow up: Find a recording of speech at normal speed with a transcript (see Unit 4 for

suggestions). Take an extract and try to write down what the speakers are saying. Then

check what you have written against the transcript. Note in particular the pronunciation

of function words.
Unit 22

Exercises

22. 1) Think about the words in bold in these dialogues and underline them if they are

likely to be prominent. Then listen and check your answers.

B27

1. A: Do you know of any good restaurants in Brockhurst?

B: Well, I haven't been for some years, but there used to be some very good ones.

The Oyster was the place to eat seafood.

A: Mmm. I do like seafood.

B: But I'm sure any of the restaurants there will be good.

2. A: Try turning the tap off.

B: I have tried turning it, but it's stuck.

A: Did you ask anyone for help ?

B: No. Look, why don't you try?

A: Okay. Hmmm. There must be some way of doing it.

B: I did tell you it was stuck.

A: There. It just needed some strength!

Anyone could have done it.

Now listen again. Press 'pause' before each B part and read it aloud. Then press 'play'

again and compare your pronunciation with what follows. Then do the same for the A

parts.
22. 2) Play the recording. Press 'pause' before each B part and read it aloud. Then press

'play' again and compare your pronunciation with what follows. Did you put

prominence in the same places?

B28.

1. A: There you are. All finished. B: Is that it?

2. A: You can't sit there, it's Kate's place. B: Oh, is it?

3. A: Are we there yet? B: Yes, this is it.

4. A: Have you finished? B: Yes, that's it.

5. A: Which coat is yours? B: That's it.

6. A: Your train's arriving. B: This is it, then.

7. A: Do you like my painting? B: What is it?

8. A: Come on, get up now. B: I can't. That's just it.