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Elizabeth Lynch - Basic Electronics Components and Circuits

Basic Electronics There are two types of electrical signals - alternating current (AC), where the direction of electricity flows back and forth, and direct current (DC), where electricity flows in one direction. Components in an electrical circuit include resistors, which reduce current flow; capacitors, which store and discharge electricity; diodes, which only allow current to pass through in one direction; fuses, which protect circuits from overheating; transistors, which amplify small currents; and integrated circuits, which are entire specialized circuits on a single chip. Basic circuits can be constructed using a breadboard for prototyping and tested using online circuit lessons.

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94 views20 pages

Elizabeth Lynch - Basic Electronics Components and Circuits

Basic Electronics There are two types of electrical signals - alternating current (AC), where the direction of electricity flows back and forth, and direct current (DC), where electricity flows in one direction. Components in an electrical circuit include resistors, which reduce current flow; capacitors, which store and discharge electricity; diodes, which only allow current to pass through in one direction; fuses, which protect circuits from overheating; transistors, which amplify small currents; and integrated circuits, which are entire specialized circuits on a single chip. Basic circuits can be constructed using a breadboard for prototyping and tested using online circuit lessons.

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Basic Electronics

Components and Circuits


AC DC
There are two types of electrical signals, those being alternating current (AC) and
direct current (DC)
AC
With alternating current, the direction electricity flows throughout the circuit is
constantly reversing. You may even say it is alternating direction. The rate of
reversal is measure id Hertz, which is the number of reversals per second.
DC
With direct current, electricity flows in one direction between power and ground.
Circuits
Flow of Electricity

Open Circuit is complete

Closed Circuit is not complete


Resisters
Add resistance to the circuit and reduces the flow of electrical current. It is
represented in a circuit diagram as a pointy squiggle with a number next to it.
Resistance is measure is Ohms.
Capacitor
Stores the electricity and then discharges it into the circuit when there is a drop in
electricity.
Diodes
Components which are polarized. They only allow electrical current to pass
through them in one direction. It can prevent electricity from flowing the wrong
direction.
Fuse
Protects a circuit from overheating and damaging the circuit and/or components.
LEDs
The longer leg on the LED is called an anode (+ side), it will connect to power. The
shorter leg is called the cathode (- side), and will connect to ground. When voltage
is applied in the proper direction, the LED emits light.
Transistors
Takes in a small electrical current at its base pin and amplifies it such that a much
larger current can pass between it collector and emitter pins
Integrated circuits
Entire speciialzed circuit that has been minimized and fit onto one small chip with
each leg of the chip connecting to a point within the circuit.
Potentiometers
Variable resistors. Have a knob or slider that changed the resistance in a circuit
Switches
A mechanical device that creates a break in the circuit. When you activate the
switch, it opens or closes the circuit
Batteries
COnverts chemical energry into electricity
Wire
Measured in size by gauge. Smaller the gauge the larger the wire
Breadboards
Special boards for prototyping electronics. They are covered with a grid of holes,
which are split into electrically continuous rows.
Go to tinkercad- login in with your google account
Take the lesson on Parallel and series circuit

https://www.tinkercad.com/things/1kuhiPMzT6w-series-and-parallel-circuits/editel
?lessonid=ES1842QJ2UPM2OT&projectid=O2OZ3UNJ3OPN41A&collectionid=O
2OZ3UNJ3OPN41A#/lesson-viewer
Then make this 2 circuits with breadboard

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