St.

Paul College of Ilocos Sur

(Member, St. Paul University System)
St. Paul Avenue 2727, Bantay, Ilocos Sur

DEPARTMENT OF NURSING

PRE-LEARNING ACTIVITY

PRE-TEST EXAMINATION: MODULE 1

NSC 101: Biochemistry

First Semester A.Y. 2020-2021
(Lecture)

Melanio P. Rojas Jr. MAN

(Clinical Instructor)

Name: _Rica Machells C.________ Score:

Course/Year: ____BSN-II___________ Date: __9/19/20__________________

1. A cell allow a large or charged chemical to move across the cytoplasmic down the chemical’s
electrical and chemical gradient, in a process is called:
A. Active transportation
B. Facilitated diffusion
C. Endocytosis
D. Pinocytosis
2. Which of the following statements concerning growth and reproduction is not true?
A. Growth and reproduction may occur simultaneously in living organism
B. All living organism must reproduce to be considered alive
C. Living things may stop growing and reproducing, yet still be alive
D. Normally, living organism have the ability to grow and reproduce themselves
3. A “9+2” arrangement of microtubules is seen in:
A. Prokaryotic cells
B. Nucleoids
C. Eukaryotic cells
D. Golgi bodies
4. Mitochondria are often called the powerhouses of the cell because_______________.
A. Cristae produce most of the ATP in many eukaryotic cells.
B. Cristae produce most of the DNA in many prokaryotic cells.
C. They are spherical to elongated structures
D. They have nuclei with two membranes, each composed of phospholipids bilayer.
5. Prokaryotic characterize, which of the following? Select all that apply.
A. Eukaryotic animal and some protozoan cell lack cells wall but have glycocalyces that prevent
dissication, provide support and enable to stick together.
B. Some eukaryotic cells have long, whip flagella that differ from the flagella of prokaryotes
C. Some eukaryotic cell have cilia, which have the same structure as eukaryotic flagella
D. Fungal, plant and algae and some protozoan cells have cell wall composed of polysaccharide
or other chemicals
II. Match the term on the left with its description on the right. Only one description is intended for
each term.
_____A______1. Ribosome A. Site of protein synthesis
_____D______2. Cystoskeleton B. Contains enzymes to neutralize hydrogen peroxide
_______A____3. Centriole C. Functions as the transport system within a eukaryotic
cell
_____E______4. Nucleus D. Allows contraction of the cells
______I_____5. Mitochondrion E. Site of most DNA in eukaryotes
_____G______6. Chloroplast F. Contains mictorubules in “9 +0” arrangement
_____H______7. ER G. Light-harvesting organelle
______F_____8. Golgi body H. Packages large molecules for export from the cell
_______B____9. Perixosome I. its internal membranes are sites for ATP
production

III. Match the structures on the left with the description on the right. A letter may be used more
than once or not at all, and more than one letter may be correct for each blank.
_A,D_______1. Glococalyx A. Bristlike projections found in quantities of 100 or more
__B,H,I____2. Flagella B. Long whip
______E,G__3. Cilia C. Responsible for conjugation
___E,A______4. Fimbrae D. “ Sugar cup” composed of polysaccharides
E. Short, numerous, non-motile
F. Responsible for motility of spirochetes
G. Protein extension not used for motility
H. Made of tubulin in eukaryotes
I. Made of flagellin in prokaryotes
II. Identify the basic concept of endocytosis, exocytosis and phagocytosis the items given below

Endocytosis Exocytosis Phagocytosis

Definition Endocytosis is the secretory vesicles materials Is the term used solid
process of actively for release from the cells particles are
transporting move towards and fuses ingested. A part of
molecules into with the cell membrane. the cell membrane
the cell by engulfing surrounds a particle
it with its membrane. and fusses with it.
The part of the
membrane is then “
pinched” off to form
a vesicle. The vesicle
remain in the
cytoplasm and the
cell membrane
remains intact.

Functions Endocytosis is used Exocytosis is used for Phagocytes is used

for receptor secretion: release of waste, for ingest or engulf
signaling, nutrient toxins, signaling other cells or
uptake, membrane particles.
molecules
remodeling,
pathogen entry, and  Recycling of membrane
neurotransmission, proteins (e.g.
as well as modulating
cell-signaling receptors)
responses.  Restoring the cell
membrane:

 To keep the total surface

area of the membrane

constant, exocytosis must

balance out

endocytosis
Types of Particles ACTIVE ACTIVE TRANSPORT ACTIVE
Transported TRANSPORT Waste materials, proteins TRANSPORT
Large quantities of for the extracellular matrix, Large
macromolecules neurotransmitters. macromolecules,
whole cells, or
cellular structures
 Examples Cholesterol and Secretion of digestive Phagocytosis is a cell
growth factors. enzymes by pancreas of taking in a large
mucus by the salivary gland
object that it will
and of milk by the
mammary glands eventually digest. The
classic example is an
amoeba eating a
bacterium.

Importance Endocytosis enables Exocytosis serves Phagocytosis, the

the cell to take in the several important functions process
bacteria or fluid as it allows cells to secrete whereby cells ingest
droplets from out waste substances and large particles, it
side the cell and this molecules, such as is essential for innate
is important for hormones and proteins. In immunity and for
addition, exocytosis is used clearance of
defense and nutrition
to rebuild effete cells. Its
respectively.
the cell membrane by dysregulation can
fusing lipids and proteins cause infectious or
removed through autoimmune
Endocytosis enables endocytosis back into the diseases.
uptake of nutrients membrane.
and helps to control
the composition of
the plasma
membrane. The
process
is important for the
regulation of major
cellular functions
such as antigen
presentation or
intracellular signaling
cascades.

III. dentify if hypotonic, isotonic and hypertonic and their functions.

 Hypotonic Isotonic Hypertonic Functions
1.0.45% saline 1. LR 1. D10 W 1. The Isotonic
solution allow the cells to
move water and nutrients
2. 0.25% saline 2. 3 % saline in and out of the cells.This
is necessary for blood
2. Plain Nss cells to perform
their function of delivering
3. 0.33 %saline 3. 5% saline
oxygen and other nutrients
3. LR to other parts of the body.

When
infused, isotonic solutions
expand both the
intracellular fluid and
extracellular fluid spaces,
equally. Such fluids do not
alter the osmolality of the
vascular compartment.

2. When hypertonic
fluids are infused, water
moves out of the cells in
an attempt to dilute the
infusate, shrinking the
cells which can cause
problems and inhibit
proper cell functioning

3. The hypotonic
solution has a low solute
concentration than the
inside of the cells (solute
concentration in the cell is
high). Osmotic forces then
cause water from a
solution to enter the cells.

When a hypotonic
solution is administered,
it puts more water in the
serum than is found inside
cells. As a result, water
moves into the cells,
causing them to swell.

3 % saline 0.45% saline Plain Nss

5% saline 0.25% saline D5W
D10 W 0.33 %saline LR