Properties of Hydrocarbons
Pre-Lab Questions
1. When it comes to lab safety, GHS is the system currently used. What does GHS stand for?
2. Cyclohexane – Which GHS pictograms are used for cyclohexane? What do those pictograms mean?
3. Bromine Water – What are the hazard statements for bromine water?
4. Define miscible and immiscible and give a real-world example of each.
Data and Observations
Flammability
Watch the following video on flammability: https://youtu.be/rTSAZc0RSSM
In the space below, write the formula for each of the compounds. Look up its melting point
and record that information. Record any physical appearance and flammability observations
you made as you watched the video. Finally, list whether you think the compound is organic
or inorganic.
Examples of physical observations: color, physical state, description of particle
Examples of flammability observations: flame present, color of flame, duration of
flame, residue left behind
Formula Melting Point Physical Flammability Organic?
Appearance
Sodium
Chloride
Potassium
Iodide
Water
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexene
Toluene
Solubility
Watch the following video on solubility: https://youtu.be/OICRhukC9Ac
In the table below, record solubility observations. Use as much description as possible. Then,
indicate whether the compounds are miscible or immiscible.
Solubility Observations Miscibility
Water
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexene
Toluene
Bromine Test
Watch the following video on the bromine test: https://youtu.be/ZEVT9OV6p6s
In the table below, record bromine reaction observations. Use as much description as
possible.
Reaction with Bromine < 2 minutes Reaction with Bromine > 2 minutes + UV
Light
Water
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexene
Toluene
Post-Lab Questions
1. Draw and label the Lewis structure of all the compounds that you classified as organic.
2. A white solid has a high boiling point and is miscible in water. Would you classify this as an organic
or inorganic compound? Explain.
3. A clear liquid is flammable and immiscible in water. Would you classify this as an organic or
inorganic compound? Explain.
4. Which compound reacted immediately with bromine? Using Lewis structures or line-angle
structures, draw the chemical reaction that occurred.
5. Using Lewis structures or line-angle structures, draw the chemical equation for a possible UV-
catalyzed substitution reaction of bromine with cyclohexane. Did you observe any evidence for this
reaction during this lab?
6. An aromatic ring is very stable and rarely undergoes addition reactions. The light-catalyzed
reaction of bromine with toluene leads to substitution of the CH3— group attached to the aromatic
ring. Using Lewis structures or line-angle structures, draw the chemical reaction that occurred.
7. Adding iron to a mixture of toluene and bromine can catalyze a second type of substitution
reaction, in which bromine substitutes itself for a hydrogen in the ring. Using Lewis structures or
line-angle structures, draw the three different substitution products that are possible in this
aromatic substitution reaction.
