KLINGER

Quantum
Right on top
A new era in gasket technology

KLINGER® Quantum
Unique gasket material with
the highest flexibility at high
temperatures, manufactured
from a high quality fibre and
filler compound bonded in
a high temperature resistant
HNBR-matrix.
Suitable for use in oils, water,
steam, gases, salt solutions,
fuels, alcohols, weak organic
and inorganic acids, hydro-
carbons, lubricants and
refrigerants.

www.klinger.co.at
KLINGER Quantum
®

A new era in gasket technology

Since the change-over to asbestos-free fibre A Vision Becomes Reality
The idea of KLINGER ® Quantum
gaskets, many users have been searching for a arose from the vision of developing
gasket material with the outstanding high-tempe- an asbestos-free, fibre-reinforced
gasket material that would behave
rature properties of the asbestos-containing mate- in a similar, problem-free manner at
rial KLINGERit. high temperatures to the earlier
As the leading manufacturer of static gasket KLINGERit. Moreover, this material
would fulfil the contemporary, trend-
materials, KLINGER was the pioneer in the de- setting requirements for tightness
velopment of asbestos-free fibre reinforced gas- and environmental compatibility.
The first groundbreaking step in
kets. the development of an asbestos-
The best achieved so far was the market free fibre gasket was the presenta-
tion and market launch of
launch of KLINGER ® top-sil-ML1, which, although KLINGERSIL® in 1982. Since then,
it was a large step forward, did not reach the really KLINGERSIL® materials have esta-
challenging ultimate goal. blished themselves in the market
and proven themselves a million
With the development of KLINGER ® Quantum, times over. Many applications are
Klinger is now heralding a new era in the world of today simply not conceivable wit-
hout these materials.
gasket technology. Nonetheless, so far, fibre-reinfor-
ced materials generally have not
been able to fulfil the expectations
of many users with regard to flexibi-
KLINGER ® Quantum is the lity at higher temperatures.
first fibre-reinforced gasket
material in the world that is
exclusively HNBR-bound.
Together with a unique
production process deve-
loped specially for the pur-
pose, this material can be
used at higher temperatures
and with a much wider range
of media than any other fibre-
reinforced gasket material
that is currently available.

1
KLINGER Quantum
®

A new era in gasket technology

Being a world-wide market The Outstanding Properties Flexibility at High Temperatures
leader, KLINGER was therefore con- KLINGER ® Quantum offers a for- The 3-point bending test is often
tinuously involved in finding a solu- merly unknown level of flexibility for
used as an evaluation method for
tion to this problem and in 2004, fibre-reinforced gasket materials at
the flexibility of fibre-reinforced
exactly 111 years after the invention high continuous temperatures, with gasket materials. Special tests on
of KLINGERit, presented the a simultaneously improved chemical conditioned specimens provide an
groundbreaking material KLINGER® resistance and a broader range of indication of the brittleness and
top-sil-ML1. applications than all known fibre- hence of the aging behaviour of the
The patented, futuristic multi- reinforced gasket materials. elastomers used.
layer concept resulted in an exten- Of course, KLINGER ® Quantum Before the test, the specimens
sion of service life at high tempera- fulfils all the present-day require-
are first conditioned and subse-
tures. ments for tightness and safety. quently tested.
HNBR was used for the first time The results of the tests on these
as the binding agent in fibre-reinfor- artificially aged test specimens pro-
ced gasket materials in combination vide information on the aging
with NBR. resistance of the different
From the experience gained in KLINGER®Quantum material concepts.
this development and a focused, Particularly in steam appli-
consistent further development of cations, pressure shocks fre-
Life time

the production process came the quently occur, which result in

breakthrough: in 2009, KLINGER damage to the gasket mate-
Material A
revolutionized the capability of fibre rial. A more flexible gasket that
gaskets with the launch of the Temperature can overcome extensive ex-
unique sealant material KLINGER ® pansion without fracture is a
Quantum. decisive factor in obtaining a more
reliable gasket joint.
In this test, KLINGER ® Quantum
shows its uniqueness and outstan-
ding position as compared to all
other available fibre-reinforced
gasket materials. The flexibility of
KLINGER ® Quantum at higher tem-
peratures is several times higher
than that of traditional fibre-reinfor-
ced gasket materials.
All the negative aspects of flat
gaskets such as embrittlement,
crack formation and increased lea-
kage can be reduced significantly
by the use of KLINGER ® Quantum.
2 The handling of the material is
similar to that of the known fibre-
reinforced materials and is therefore
familiarly simple.

Treatment of the samples:

48h at 200°C
1. Standard fibre reinforced material
2. KLINGER ® Quantum
KLINGER Quantum
®

Flanged joint integrity

The many and varied demands Selecting gaskets with 3 Material thickness 1 mm
100
made on gaskets pT diagrams
A common perception is that the The KLINGER pT diagram provides 90

suitability and tightness of a gasket guidelines for determining the suit- 80 2

for any given application depends ability of a particular gasket material 70
upon the maximum temperature for a specific application based on 60
and pressure conditions. This is not the operating temperature and 50
the case. pressure only. 40
Maximum temperature and Additional stresses such as
30
pressure values alone can not fluctuating load may significantly
20 1
define a material’s suitability for an affect the suitability of a gasket in

p i bar
application. These limits are depen- the application and must be con-
dent upon a multiplicity of factors as sidered separately. 0
-200 -100 0°C 100 200 300 400
shown in the picture below. It is al-
ways advisable to consider these Areas of Application 3 Material thickness 2 mm
factors when selecting a material for 1 In area one, the gasket material 100

a given application. is normally suitable subject to 90

chemical compatibility. 80 2
70
flange 2 In area two, the gasket materials
60
may be suitable but a technical
medium bolt 50
evaluation is recommended.
40

3 In area three, do not install the 30

gasket without a technical evalua- 20 1

p i bar

pressure installation tion.

0
-200 -100 0°C 100 200 300 400
Always refer to the chemical
resistance of the gasket to the fluid.
3 Material thickness 3 mm
tempe- process
rature control
100

90

80
A statement about the expected 70
tightness of the flange connection
60
is only possible if a qualified and
50
defined installation of the gasket
40
has been executed.
In facilities, for which limited 30

emission requirements acc. to 20 2 1

p i bar

TA-Luft are specified, the guideline

VDI 2290 for the evaluation of the 0
-200 -100 0°C 100 200 300 400
technical tightness of flange con-
nections has to be considered.
As the maximum operating pres-
sure and load bearing capability
are both depending on the gas-
ket thickness, KLINGER provides
thickness related pT diagrams.
KLINGER Quantum
®

Hot Compression Test / Bending Test according to ISO 178

KLINGER Hot and Cold Bending Test according to 9
Compression Test Method ISO 178 8
8,83
200°C/ 48h
The KLINGER Hot Compression To evaluate flexibility potentials of 7 250°C/ 48h
Test was developed by KLINGER sealing materials the three point 6
6,83

as a method to test the load bending test is often used to assess 5

bearing capabilities of gasket mate- the flexibility of compressed fibre
4

Bending strain %
rials under hot and cold conditions. materials. 4,10
3
In contrast to the BS 7531 In this test, the test specimen is
2
and DIN 52913 tests, the KLINGER deformed in the middle between the
1
Compression test maintains a contact faces with a constant tes-
0
constant gasket stress throughout ting speed until it breaks, or until the 0,57
KLINGER®Quantum
the entire hot compression test. deformation has reached a speci- Standard FA-Material
This subjects the gasket to more fied value.
forced reference material, together
severe conditions. For the flexibility test, specimens
with KLINGER ® Quantum was again
This test method is specified in of a fibre-reinforced reference mate-
treated at a temperature of 200°C
DIN 28090-2:2014 in short-term rial and of KLINGER ® Quantum were
for 300 h and 600 h.
test. treated for 48h at 200°C and at
After 600 hours at a tempera-
250°C.
ture of 200°C KLINGER ® Quantum
The thickness decrease is mea- The results of the test on these
shows a flexibility that is 8 times
sured at an ambient temperature of artificially aged samples provide
higher than known fibre-reinforced
23°C after applying the gasket load. information on the aging resistance
gasket materials!
This simulates assembly. of the two different materials and
Particularly in steam applicati-
underscore the high performance of
ons, there are often strong pressure
Temperatures up to 400°C KLINGER ® Quantum.
shocks that result in damage to the
are then applied and the additional The unique behaviour of
gasket material. A more flexible gas-
thickness decrease is measured. KLINGER ® Quantum manifests itself
ket that withstands greater expan-
This simulates the first start up even more impressively in long-term
sions without rupture is thus a fac-
phase. tests. For this purpose, a fibre-rein
tor that contributes to a safer, more
reliable gasket joint.
50
Hot compression %

50 9
Hot compression %

40 8 200°C/ 300h
40
30 7 7,17 200°C/ 600h
30 6,37
20 6
20 5
10
10 4
Bending strain %

0
400 3
0
350 2
210 300
190 1
170 250
150 0,83
200 0 0,80
130
110 150 KLINGER®Quantum
90 Standard FA-Material
70 100
50 50
30
Surface pressure MPa 10 0 Temperature °C

The diagram shows the additional thickness

decrease at temperature.
KLINGER Quantum
®

Tightness of flange connections / Application and Installation instructions

Specific requirements on the The higher the initial surface pres- The following guidelines are
tightness of flange connections sure of the gasket, the safer the designed to ensure the optimum
With heightened awareness of required tightness in operating con- performance of a reliable flange
safety and environmental issues, dition can be achieved. connection.
reducing leaks from flanged assem- The maximum permissible
1. Choosing the gasket
blies has become a major priority surface pressure of the gasket in
There are many factors which
for industry. It is therefore important operating condition may not be
must be taken into account when
for companies who use gaskets to exceeded.
choosing a gasket material for a
choose the correct material for the The sealing calculation program
given application including tempe-
job and install and maintain it cor- KLINGER®expert contains impor-
rature, pressure and chemical com-
rectly to ensure optimum perfor- tant information regarding the per-
patibility.
mance. formance of KLINGER sealing
Please refer to the information
In facilities, for which limited materials.
given in our brochure or, for advice
emission requirements acc. to TA-
to our software program
Luft or the compliance with tight- Discontinuous operation
KLINGER®expert.
ness classes are required, often If the gasket is to be subjected
If you have any questions regar-
with increasing internal pressures to non-static loading and stress
ding the suitability of a material for
high surface pressures have to be fluctuations due to temperature
a given application please contact
applied. and pressure cycling, it is advisable
KLINGER Technical Department.
For such operating conditions to select a gasket material which is
the plant operator has to verify, that less prone to embrittlement with 2. Media Resistance
the required flange connections are increasing temperatures (e.g. Attention has to be paid on the fact
also suitable to bear these demands KLINGER® graphite laminate, that the media resistance of the
without mechanical overloading. KLINGER® top-chem, KLINGER® gasket material is also given under
Only gasket materials with a Quantum). operating conditions. In general,
TA-Luft-certificate may be used. higher compressed gaskets show a
The required tightness and stress In cyclic loading conditions we better resistance to media influen-
analysises acc. to EN 1591-1 (or recommend a minimum surface ces than less compressed gaskets.
comparable) have to be carried out stress of 30 MPa. In such cases the
3. Gasket thickness – Gasket
with specific gasket factors acc. gasket thickness should be as thin
width
to EN 13555. The assembly of the as technically possible.
A generally binding rule to deter-
gasket has to be executed solely For safety and functional reasons
mine the required gasket thickness
by qualified assembly personnel never re-use gaskets.
doesn’t exist. The gasket chosen
(EN 1591-4:2013).
should be as thin as technically
Only the controlled tightening of
possible. In most cases, at small
the bolts assures that the assembly
and medium nominal diameters, a
bolt load is within the required nar-
thickness of 2 mm is sufficient. To
row tolerances.
ensure optimum performance a mi-
nimum thickness/width ratio of 1/5
Tightness of flange connections
is required (ideally 1/10).
in operating condition
The flange connection will remain 4. Flange connection
tight as long as the surface pressure Ensure all remains of old gasket
on the gasket in service is higher materials are removed and the
than the required minimum surface flanges are clean, in good condition
pressure for a certain tightness and parallel.
class L.
KLINGER Quantum
®

Application and Installation instructions

5. Gasket compounds 8. Joint assembly 10. Retightening
Ensure all gaskets are installed in a It is recommended that the bolts are Provided that the above guidelines
dry state, the use of gasket com- tightened using a controlled method are followed retightening of the
pounds is not recommended as such as torque or tension, this will gasket after joint assembly should
this has a detrimental effect on the lead to greater accuracy and con- not be necessary.
stability and load bearing characte- sistency than using conventional If retightening is considered ne-
ristics of the material. In its uncom- methods of tightening. If using a cessary, then this should only be
pressed form the gasket can ab- torque wrench, ensure that it is performed at ambient temperature
sorb liquid, and this may lead to accurately calibrated. before or during the first start-up
failure of the gasket in service. For torque settings please refer phase of the pipeline or plant.
To aid gasket removal KLINGER to the KLINGER®expert or contact Retightening of compressed fibre
materials are furnished with a non our Technical Department which will gaskets at higher operating tempe-
sticking finish. be happy to assist you. ratures and longer operating times
In difficult installation conditions, Carefully fit the gasket into po- may lead to a failure of the gasket
separating agents such as dry sition taking care not to damage the connection and possible blow out.
sprays based on molybdenum sul- gasket surface.
phide or PTFE e.g. KLINGERflon® When torquing, tighten bolts in 11. Low temperature area
spray, may be used, but only in three stages to the required torque KLINGER gaskets are also applica-
minimal quantities. Make sure that as follows: ble at low temperatures without any
the solvents and propellants are Finger tighten nuts. Carry out problems. The assurance of the
completely evaporated. tightening, making at least three required surface pressure in the
complete diagonal tightening se- complete temperature range, is the
6. Gasket dimension quences i.e. 30%, 60% and 100% precondition for the tightness of the
Ensure gasket dimensions are of final torque value. Continue with flange connection.
correct. The gasket should not in- one final pass – torquing the bolts/
trude into the bore of the pipework studs in a clockwise sequence. 12. Re-use
and should be installed centrally. If certain tightness classes For safety and functional reasons
should be achieved in critical plants, never re-use gaskets.
7. Bolting the installation of the gasket has to
Wire brush stud/bolts and nuts be executed by qualified and com-
(if necessary) to remove any dirt on petent assembly personnel (acc. to KLINGER®expert
the threads. Ensure that the nuts EN 1591-4), without exception. the powerful sealing calculation.
can run freely down the thread be- The powerful calculation program
fore use. 9. Tightness of the flange con- for the skilled personnel.
Apply lubricant to the bolt and to nection KLINGER®expert’s data base con-
the nut threads as well as to the Basically the tightness depends on tains standard flanges, bolt details
face of the nut to reduce friction the applied surface pressure during and a comprehensive catalogue of
when tightening. We recommend installation, as well as on the remai- media to help the user design joints,
the use of a bolt lubricant which ning surface pressure in the opera- select materials and calculate instal-
ensures a friction coefficient of ting condition. lation values.
about 0.10 to 0.14. Gaskets installed with high sea- Free download.
ting stresses exhibit a longer service App for Android and Apple also
life than gaskets installed with lower available.
compressive stresses.
KLINGER Quantum
®

Gasket factors acc. to EN 13555

Maximum permissible surface To validate the test result 240
230
pressure under operating of QSmax, PQR values are provi- 220
condition QSmax acc. to EN 13555 ded. An evaluation of the tested
200
The maximum surface pressure in gasket regarding unacceptable
operating condition is the maximum extrusion 180
permissible surface pressure the in the bore or damage of the gas- 160
gasket can be loaded at the speci- ket is also required.
140
fied temperatures. 140
120
100
100
80
60 80

QSmax MPa
40

The diagram shows these values for the 20

various temperature ratings. 0
23°C
100°C
200°C
Temperature °C 300°C

Creep relaxation factor PQR PQR values for stiffness 500 kN/mm, gasket thickness 2 mm
acc. to EN 13555 Temperature Gasket stress PQR at QSmax
This factor considers the relaxation 40 MPa 60 MPa QSmax (MPa)
influence on the gasket load bet-
23°C 0.93 0.94 0.98 230
ween the tightening of the bolts and
the long-term effect of the service 100°C 0.83 0.89 0.76 140
temperature. 200°C 0.82 0.84 0.76 100
300°C 0.72 0.72 0.67 80

Secant unloading modulus of the gasket EG and gasket thickness eG acc. to EN 13555
Secant unloading modulus of the gasket EG (MPa) and gasket thickness eG (mm)
Gasket Ambient Temperature Temperature Temperature
stress temperature 100°C 200°C 300°C

EG eG EG eG EG eG EG eG
MPa MPa mm MPa mm MPa mm MPa mm
1 1.94 1.97 1.93 1.94
20 2972 1.80 2118 1.77 4236 1.71 2850 1.73
30 3106 1.76 2558 1.74 4998 1.70 2732 1.72
40 3794 1.74 4781 1.72 4558 1.69 2418 1.71
50 5590 1.71 4649 1.71 6924 1.68 3161 1.70
60 6664 1.69 7069 1,70 5951 1.67 4983 1.68
80 7442 1.67 7365 1.66 5154 1.64 4549 1.61
100 9619 1.65 9164 1.58 6298 1.55
120 9775 1.63 10067 1.47
140 9550 1.62 8049 1.35
160 10861 1.61
180 14055 1.60
200 15574 1.59
220 15264 1.58
230 13557 1.58
KLINGER Quantum
®

Gasket factors acc. to EN 13555

Minimum surface pressure Qmin(L) Minimum surface pressure
acc. to EN13555 (Installation) QSmin(L) acc. to EN13555
The minimum surface pressure (Operating condition)
during installation is the minimum The minimum surface pressure in
required surface pressure, which service is the minimum required
has to be applied on the gasket surface pressure, which has to be
surface during assembly at room applied on the gasket surface under
temperature. operating conditions, i.e. after un-
This is to assure that the gasket can loading during service, in order to
adjust to the roughness of the keep the required tightness class L
flange surfaces, that internal lea- for the specified internal pressure.
kage paths can be tightened and
that the required tightness class L
for the specified internal pressure
will be achieved.

1E+0
Minimum stress to seal for tightness class L p = 10 bar
Qmin(L) at assembly/ QSmin(L) after off-loading 10 bar Loading curve
1E-1 Unloading curve
L Qmin(L) QSmin(L) MPa Qmin
QSmin
mg/ QA= QA= QA= QA= QA= QA= 1E-2
s x m MPa 10 MPa 20 MPa 40 MPa 60 MPa 80 MPa 100 MPa
10-0 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1E-3
10-1 10 7 5 5 5 5 5
10-2 22 5 5 5 5 1E-4
Leakage mg/m x s

10-3 33 8 5 5 5
-4
1E-5
10 45 5 5 5
10-5 57 20 5 5
1E-6
-6
10 76 33 14
QA = Stress on the gasket during installation before unloading 1E-7
0 20 40 60 80 100
Gasket stress MPa

1E+1
Minimum stress to seal for tightness class L p = 40 bar
Qmin(L) at assembly/ QSmin(L) after off-loading 40 bar Loading curve
1E+0 Unloading curve
L Qmin(L) QSmin(L) MPa Qmin
1E-1 QSmin
mg/ QA= QA= QA= QA = QA=
s x m MPa 20 MPa 40 MPa 60 MPa 80 MPa 100 MPa
1E-2
10-0 13 10 10 10 10 10
10-1 21 10 10 10 10 1E-3
-2
10 27 10 10 10 10
1E-4
Leakage mg/m x s

10-3 34 10 10 10 10
10-4 40 10 10 10 1E-5
10-5 52 13 10 10
1E-6
10-6 96 98
QA = Stress on the gasket during installation before unloading 1E-7
0 20 40 60 80 100
Gasket stress MPa
KLINGER Quantum
®

Technical values
Unique gasket material with Typical values for thickness 2.0 mm
the highest flexibility at high Compressibility ASTM F 36 J % 10
temperatures, manufactured from
Recovery ASTM F 36 J % 50
a high quality fibre and filler
compound bonded in a high Stress relaxation DIN 52913 50 MPa, 16 h/175°C MPa 32
temperature resistant HNBR- 50 MPa, 16 h/300°C MPa 30
matrix. Stress relaxation BS 7531 40 MPa, 16 h/300°C MPa 29
Suitable for use in oils, water, KLINGER cold/hot compression thickness decrease at 23°C % 10
steam, gases, salt solutions, 50 MPa thickness decrease at 300°C % 14
fuels, alcohols, weak organic and
thickness decrease at 400°C % 20
inorganic acids, hydro-carbons,

Specific leakrate λ
lubricants and refrigerants. Tightness DIN 28090-2 mg/s x m 0.02
VDI 2440 mbar x l/s x m 4.4E-08
■ Dimensions Thickness increase after fluid oil IRM 903: 5 h/150°C % 3
of the standard sheets immersion ASTM F 146 fuel B: 5 h/23°C % 5
Sizes:
Ω 7.7x10E12
Density g/cm 3 1.7
1,000 x 1,500 mm,

Ω cm 4.7x10E12
Average surface resistance ρO
2,000 x 1,500 mm
Thicknesses: Average specific volume resistance ρD
0.8 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm, Average dielectric strength Ed kV/mm 18.5
3.0 mm Average power factor 50 Hz tan δ 0.064
Tolerances: εr
λ
Average dielectric coefficient 50 Hz 6.8
Thickness acc. DIN 28091-1, Thermal conductivity W/mK 0.44
length ± 50 mm, width ± 50 mm.
ASME-Code sealing factors Leakage DIN 28090
Other thicknesses, sizes and for gasket thickness 1.0 mm tightness class 0.1 mg/s x m MPa y 15
tolerances on request. m 1.1
for gasket thickness 2.0 mm tightness class 0.1 mg/s x m MPa y 15
■ Surfaces m 2.5
KLINGERSIL® gasket materials are for gasket thickness 3.0 mm tightness class 0.1 mg/s x m MPa y 15
generally furnished with surfaces of
m 3.8
low adhesion.
Classification acc. to BS 7531:2006 Grade AX

■ Function and durability ■ Tests and approvals

The performance and service life of BAM-tested
KLINGER gaskets depend in large DIN-DVGW
measure on proper storage and TA-Luft (Clean air)
fitting, factors beyond the manufac- Fire-Safe acc. DIN EN ISO 10497
tor’s control. We can, however,
vouch for the excellent quality of our
products.

With this in mind, please also

observe our installation instructions.

Certified according to Rich. Klinger Dichtungstechnik GmbH & Co KG

DIN EN ISO 9001:2008 Am Kanal 8-10
A-2352 Gumpoldskirchen, Austria
Phone +43 (0) 2252/62599-137
Fax +43 (0) 2252/62599-296
Subject to technical alterations. e-mail: [email protected]
Status: September 2015 http://www.klinger.co.at