Macro-Tech 02 Series

Operation Manual Macro-Tech

602, 1202 & 2402

Obtaining Other Language Versions: To obtain information in another language about the use of this product, please contact your
local Crown Distributor. If you need assistance locating your local distributor, please contact Crown at 574-294-8000.
This manual does not include all of the details of design, production, or variations of the equipment. Nor does it cover every possible
situation which may arise during installation, operation or maintenance.
The information provided in this manual was deemed accurate as of the publication date. However, updates to this information may have
occurred. To obtain the latest version of this manual, please visit the Crown website at www.crownaudio.com.
Trademark Notice: Crown, Crown Audio, Amcron, Macro-Tech and ODEP are registered trademarks of Crown International. PIP and
Grounded Bridge are trademarks of Crown International. Other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
Some models may be exported under the name Amcron.®

©2005 by Crown Audio®, Inc. 1718 W. Mishawaka Rd., Elkhart, Indiana 46517-9439 U.S.A. Telephone: 574-294-8000

127240-6B
6/05
 MA Series Power Amplifiers

Important Safety Instructions

1) Read these instructions. 15) WARNING: TO REDUCE THE RISK OF FIRE IMPORTANT
2) Keep these instructions. OR ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOT EXPOSE
3) Heed all warnings. THIS APPARATUS TO RAIN OR MOISTURE. MA Series amplifiers require Class 2 output wiring.
4) Follow all instructions. 16) DO NOT EXPOSE TO DRIPPING OR SPLASH-
5) Do not use this apparatus near water. ING. DO NOT PLACE OBJECTS FILLED WITH
6) Clean only with a dry cloth. LIQUID, SUCH AS VASES,ON THIS APPARA- MAGNETIC FIELD
7) Do not block any ventilation openings. Install TUS.
in accordance with the manufacturer’s instruc- CAUTION! Do not locate sensitive high-gain equip-
tions. TO PREVENT ELECTRIC SHOCK DO NOT REMOVE ment such as preamplifiers or tape decks directly
8) Do not install near any heat sources such as TOP OR BOTTOM COVERS. NO USER SERVICE- above or below the unit. Because this amplifier has
radiators, heat registers, stoves, or other ABLE PARTS INSIDE. REFER SERVICING TO a high power density, it has a strong magnetic field
apparatus (including amplifiers) that produce QUALIFIED SERVICE PERSONNEL. which can induce hum into unshielded devices that
heat. are located nearby. The field is strongest just above
À PRÉVENIR LE CHOC ÉLECTRIQUE N’ENLEVEZ and below the unit.
9) Do not defeat the safety purpose of the polar- PAS LES COUVERCLES. IL N’Y A PAS DES PAR-
ized or grounding-type plug. A polarized plug TIES SERVICEABLE À L’INTÉRIEUR. TOUS REPA- If an equipment rack is used, we recommend locat-
has two blades with one wider than the other. RATIONS DOIT ETRE FAIRE PAR PERSONNEL ing the amplifier(s) in the bottom of the rack and the
A grounding-type plug has two blades and a QUALIFIÉ SEULMENT. preamplifier or other sensitive equipment at the top.
third grounding prong. The wide blade or the
TO COMPLETELY DISCONNECT THIS EQUIPMENT
third prong is provided for your safety. If the
FROM THE AC MAINS, DISCONNECT THE POWER
provided plug does not fit into your outlet,
SUPPLY CORD PLUG FROM THE AC RECEPTA-
consult an electrician for replacement of the
CLE. THE MAINS PLUG OF THE POWER SUPPLY
obsolete outlet. FCC COMPLIANCE NOTICE
CORD SHALL REMAIN READILY OPERABLE.
10) Protect the power cord from being walked on
or pinched, particularly at plugs, convenience This device complies with part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following
two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device
receptacles, and the point where they exit from WATCH FOR THESE SYMBOLS: must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired
the apparatus. operation.
11) Only use attachments/accessories specified The lightning bolt triangle is used to alert the user
by the manufacturer. CAUTION: Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for
to the risk of electric shock. compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
12) Use only with a cart, stand, tripod, bracket, or
table specified by the manufacturer, or sold The exclamation point triangle is used to alert the NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B
with the apparatus. When a cart is used, use user to important operating or maintenance instruc- digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide
caution when moving the cart/apparatus com- tions. reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This
equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed
bination to avoid injury from tip-over. and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to
13) Unplug this apparatus during lightning storms radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a
or when unused for long periods of time. particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or televi-
14) Refer all servicing to qualified service person- sion reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is
encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
nel. Servicing is required when the apparatus
has been damaged in any way, such as power- • Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
supply cord or plug is damaged, liquid has • Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
been spilled or objects have fallen into the • Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the
receiver is connected.
apparatus, the apparatus has been exposed to • Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
rain or moisture, does not operate normally,
or has been dropped.

page 2 Operation Manual

MA Series Power Amplifiers

Crown International, Inc. DECLARATION of CONFORMITY TCF Technical Certificate No: P4300CRI1.IWS

Technical Construction File Route

Issued By: Crown International, Inc. FOR COMPLIANCE QUESTIONS ONLY: Sue Whitfield
1718 W. Mishawaka Road 574-294-8289
Elkhart, Indiana 46517 U.S.A. [email protected]

Competent Body’s Name and Address: European Representative's Name and Address:
Technology International (Europe) Limited Nick Owen
41-42 Shrivenham Hundred Business Park, 35, Bassets Field
Shrivenham, Swindon, Wilts, SN6 8TZ Thornhill
Cardiff. South Glamorgen
Equipment Type: Commercial Audio Power Amplifiers CF14 9UG United Kingdom
Family Name: Macro-Tech Series
Model Names: Macro-Tech 602, Macro-Tech 1202, Macro-Tech 2402

EMC Standards:
EN 55103-1:1995 Electromagnetic Compatibility - Product Family Standard for Audio, Video, Audio-Visual and Entertainment Lighting Control Apparatus for Professional Use, Part 1: Emissions
EN 55103-1:1995 Magnetic Field Emissions-Annex A @ 10 cm and 1 M
EN 61000-3-2:1995+A14:2000 Limits for Harmonic Current Emissions (equipment input current ≤16A per phase)
EN 61000-3-3:1995 Limitation of Voltage Fluctuations and Flicker in Low-Voltage Supply Systems Rated Current ≤16A
EN 55022:1992 + A1: 1995 & A2:1997 Limits and Methods of Measurement of Radio Disturbance Characteristics of ITE: Radiated, Class B Limits; Conducted, Class B
EN 55103-2:1996 Electromagnetic Compatibility - Product Family Standard for Audio, Video, Audio-Visual and Entertainment Lighting Control Apparatus for Professional Use, Part 2: Immunity
EN 61000-4-2:1995 Electrostatic Discharge Immunity (Environment E2-Criteria B, 4k V Contact, 8k V Air Discharge)
EN 61000-4-3:1996 Radiated, Radio-Frequency, Electromagnetic Immunity (Environment E2, criteria A)
EN 61000-4-4:1995 Electrical Fast Transient/Burst Immunity (Criteria B)
EN 61000-4-5:1995 Surge Immunity (Criteria B)
EN 61000-4-6:1996 Immunity to Conducted Disturbances Induced by Radio-Frequency Fields (Criteria A)
EN 61000-4-11:1994 Voltage Dips, Short Interruptions and Voltage Variation
Safety Standard:
EN 60065: 1998 Safety Requirements - Audio Video and Similar Electronic Apparatus
I certify that the product identified above conforms to the requirements of the EMC Council Directive 89/336/EEC as amended by 92/31/EEC, and the Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EES as amended by 93/68/EEC.

Signed

Larry Coburn
Title: Senior Vice President of Manufacturing Date of Issue: March 28, 2000

Due to line current harmonics, we recommend that you contact your supply authority before connection.
Operation Manual page 3
 MA Series Power Amplifiers

Table of Contents

Important Safety Instructions .......................... 2 5.1.2 Standby Mode.......................................... 14

Declaration of Conformity ................................ 3 5.1.3 Transformer Thermal Protection................ 14
1 Welcome ................................................... 5 5.1.4 Fuses and Circuit Breakers....................... 15
1.1 Features .............................................. 5 5.2 Advanced Features.......................................... 15
2 How to Use This Manual ....................... 5 5.3 Options.......................................................... 16
3 Setup ......................................................... 6 5.3.1 PIP and PIP2 Modules........................... 16
3.1 Unpack Your Amplifier ........................ 6 5.3.2 Cooling Fan Options.............................. 17
3.2 Install Your Amplifier .......................... 6 5.3.3 Level Control Shaft Lock......................... 17
3.3 Ensure Proper Cooling ........................ 6 6 Troubleshooting.................................................. 18
3.4 Choose Input Wire and Connectors .... 7 7 Theory of Operation.......................................... 19
3.5 Choose Output Wire and Connectors... 7 7.1 Overview........................................................ 19
3.6 Wire Your System ............................... 8 7.2 Circuit Theory................................................. 19
3.6.1 Stereo Mode ................................ 8 7.2.1 Stereo Operation..................................... 19
3.6.2 Bridge-Mono Mode ..................... 8 7.2.2 Bridge-Mono Operation........................... 20
3.6.3 Parallel-Mono Mode .................... 9 7.2.3 Parallel-Mono Operation......................... 20
3.7 Set Input Sensitivity ............................ 10 8 Specifications....................................................... 21
3.8 Connect to AC Mains .......................... 10 9 AC Power Draw and Thermal Dissipation....... 30
3.9 Startup Procedure ............................... 10 10 Service.............................................................. 31
4 Operation .................................................. 10 10.1 International and Canada Service.................... 31
4.1 Precautions ......................................... 10 10.2 US Service.................................................... 31
4.2 Front Panel Controls and Indicators .... 11 10.2.1 Service at a US Service Center............... 31
4.3 Back Panel Controls, Indicators and 10.2.2 Factory Service..................................... 31
Connectors ......................................... 12 10.2.3 Factory Service Shipping Instructions..... 31
4.4 Indicators ............................................ 13 10.2.4 Packing Instructions............................... 31
5 Advanced Features and Options .......... 14 10.2.5 Estimate Approval....................................31
5.1 Protection Systems .............................. 14 10.2.6 Payment of Non-Warranty Repairs........... 31
5.1.1 ODEP ............................................ 14 11 Warranty............................................................. 32
Factory Service Information Form......................... 35

page 4 Operation Manual

MA Series Power Amplifiers

*1 kHz **20 Hz–20 kHz 1 Welcome overheating and overload to keep the
amplifier working when others would fail.
2 How to Use This
MA-602 Power Power

2 ohm Dual (per ch.) 400W 335W Congratulations on purchasing one of the • Complete protection against shorted, Manual
4 ohm Dual (per ch.) 325W 300W renowned Crown® Macro-Tech® power ampli- open, and mismatched loads, overheating,
8 ohm Dual (per ch.) 225W 210W fiers. They are designed to provide enormous DC, high-frequency overload, and full This manual provides you with the necessary
4 ohm Bridge-Mono 750W 650W levels of pure, undistorted power in a rugged, internal fault protection provided by our information to safely and correctly set up and
8 ohm Bridge-Mono 655W 605W low-profile package — making them the choice latest protection scheme: “Quad-Mute.” operate your amplifier. It does not cover every
for pro sound reinforcement. They utilize our aspect of installation, setup or operation that
*1 kHz Power: refers to maximum average power in watts
• Two mono modes (Bridge-Mono and might occur under every condition. For addi-
at 1 kHz with 0.1% THD.
patented ODEP® protection circuitry to keep
**20 Hz–20 kHz Power: refers to maximum average power Parallel-Mono) for driving a wide range of tional information, please consult Crown’s
in watts from 20 Hz to 20 kHz with 0.1% THD. the show going long after other amplifiers have
load impedances. Amplifier Application Guide (available online at
shut down. And with their PIP™ expandability,
Macro-Tech amplifiers can be easily custom- • Dedicated power supply transformers iso- www.crownaudio.com), Crown Technical Sup-
ized with one of our many optional input mod- late channels in Stereo mode for superb port, your system installer or retailer.
ules (see Section 5 for a list of available PIPs). crosstalk characteristics and reliability — We strongly recommend you read all instruc-
*1 kHz **20 Hz–20 kHz
MA-1202 Power Power
Modern power amplifiers are sophisticated
each channel is virtually a separate tions, warnings and cautions contained in this
2 ohm Dual (per ch.) 675W 585W amplifier. manual. Also, for your protection, please send
pieces of engineering capable of producing
4 ohm Dual (per ch.) 480W 450W extremely high power levels. They must be • High damping factor provides superior in your warranty registration card today. And
8 ohm Dual (per ch.) 310W 295W treated with respect and correctly installed if control over low-frequency drivers for a save your bill of sale—it’s your official proof of
4 ohm Bridge-Mono 1,300W 1,130W they are to provide the many years of reliable clean, accurate low end. purchase.
8 ohm Bridge-Mono 970W 895W service for which they were designed.
• PIP (Programmable Input Processor) con-
*1 kHz Power: refers to maximum average power in watts
at 1 kHz with 0.1% THD. In addition, the Macro-Tech 02 Series amplifi- nector accepts accessories that tailor the
**20 Hz–20 kHz Power: refers to maximum average power
in watts from 20 Hz to 20 kHz with 0.1% THD.
ers include a number of features which require amplifier to suit specific applications.
some explanation before they can be used to
• Enhanced PIP2™ (Programmable Input
their maximum advantage.
Processor) connector accepts new acces-
Please take the time to study this manual so sory modules that further tailor the ampli-
*1 kHz **20 Hz–20 kHz
that you can obtain the best possible service fier to suit specific applications, including
MA-2402 Power Power from your amplifier. wideband load current monitoring.
2 ohm Dual (per ch.) 1,050W 850W
1.1 Features • Backed by the industry’s ONLY three-year,
4 ohm Dual (per ch.) 800W 750W
no-fault, fully transferable warranty.
8 ohm Dual (per ch.) 520W 505W • Crown’s Grounded-Bridge™ design deliv-
4 ohm Bridge-Mono 2,070W 1,670W ers large voltage swings without using
8 ohm Bridge-Mono 1,585W 1,485W
easily stressed output-transistor configu-
rations like conventional amplifiers. The
*1 kHz Power: refers to maximum average power in watts
at 1 kHz with 0.1% THD. results are lower distortion and superior
**20 Hz–20 kHz Power: refers to maximum average power
in watts from 20 Hz to 20 kHz with 0.1% THD.
reliability.
• Patented ODEP (Output Device Emulation
Protection) circuitry compensates for

Operation Manual page 5

 MA Series Power Amplifiers

3 Setup

3.1 Unpack Your Amplifier 3.2 Install Your Amplifier 3.3 Ensure Proper Cooling
Please unpack and inspect your amplifier for any CAUTION: Before you begin, make sure your When using an equipment rack, mount units
damage that may have occurred during transit. If amplifier is disconnected from the power directly on top of each other. Close any open spaces
damage is found, notify the transportation company source, with power switch in the “off” posi- in rack with blank panels. DO NOT block front or
immediately. Only you can initiate a claim for ship- tion and all level controls turned completely rear air vents. The side walls of the rack should be a
ping damage. Crown will be happy to help as down (counterclockwise). minimum of 2 inches (5.1 cm) away from the ampli-
needed. Save the shipping carton as evidence of fier sides, and the back of the rack should be a min-
Use a standard 19-inch (48.3-cm) equipment rack.
damage for the shipper’s inspection. imum of 4 inches (10.2 cm) from the amplifier back
See Figure 3.1 for amplifier dimensions.
panel.
We also recommend that you save all packing mate-
You may also stack amps without using a cabinet.
rials so you will have them if you ever need to trans- Figure 3.2 illustrates standard amplifier airflow.
port the unit. Never ship the unit without the factory NOTE: When transporting, amplifiers should be
pack. supported at both front and back.
YOU WILL NEED (not supplied):
• Input wiring cables
• Output wiring cables
Rack for mounting amplifier (or a stable surface for
stacking)
WARNING: Before you start to set up your
amplifier, make sure you read and observe
the Important Safety Instructions at the
beginning of this manual.

LEVEL LEVEL
15 15
12 18 12 18
ODEP
9 21 9 21
ON
6 24 6 24
OFF
SIGNAL / IOC

3.5 in
3 27 3 27

0 30 CH1 CH2 0 30 ENABLE

8.9 cm

19 in
48.3 cm Figure 3.2 Airflow

SIDE VIEW

16 in 2.5 in
40.6 cm 6.35 cm

Figure 3.1 Dimensions

page 6 Operation Manual

MA Series Power Amplifiers

3 Setup

3.4 Choose Input Wire

and Connectors
Crown recommends using pre-built or profes-
sionally wired, balanced line (two-conductor
plus shield), 22-24 gauge cables and connec-
tors.The factory-installed PIP2-FXQ input mod-
ule accepts 3-pin male XLR connectors or TRS
phone connectors. Other PIP modules accept
XLR, phone or Phoenix connectors, or bare
wires.
Regarding the PIP2-FXQ, Figure 3.3 shows con-
nector pin assignments for balanced wiring, and
Figure 3.4 shows connector pin assignments for
unbalanced wiring.
NOTE: Custom wiring should only be per-
formed by qualified personnel. Figure 3.3 Balanced Input Figure 3.4 Unbalanced Input
Connector Wiring Connector Wiring
3.5 Choose Output Wire and Con-
nectors
Crown recommends using pre-built or profes-
sionally wired, high-quality, two-conductor,
heavy gauge speaker wire. Use bare wire, a dual
banana plug or spade lugs on the amplifier end
of each speaker cable (Figure 3.5). To prevent
the possibility of short-circuits, wrap or other-
wise insulate exposed loudspeaker cable con-
nectors.
Using the guidelines below, select the appropri-
ate size of wire based on the distance from
amplifier to speaker.
Distance Wire Size
up to 25 ft. 16 gauge
26-40 ft. 14 gauge
41-60 ft. 12 gauge
61-100 ft. 10 gauge
101-150 ft. 8 gauge
151-250 ft. 6 gauge

Figure 3.5 Output Connector Wiring

CAUTION: Never use shielded cable for
output wiring.

Operation Manual page 7

 MA Series Power Amplifiers

3 Setup

3.6 Wire Your System

Turn down the Level controls (fully counterclock-
wise) and turn off the amplifier before wiring it as
described below.

3.6.1 Stereo Mode

See Figure 3.6. Set the back panel stereo/mono
switch to Stereo.
Figure 3.6 Stereo Wiring
INPUTS: Connect input wiring to both channels.
OUTPUTS: Maintain proper polarity (+/-) on output
connectors.
Connect Channel 1 positive (+) speaker load to
Channel 1 positive terminal of amp; repeat for nega-
tive (-). Repeat Channel 2 wiring as for Channel 1.

3.6.2 Bridge-Mono Mode

See Figure 3.7. Set the back panel stereo/mono
switch to Bridge-Mono.
INPUTS: Connect input wiring to Channel 1 only.
OUTPUTS: Connect the speaker across the positive
terminals of each channel. Do not use the nega-
tive terminals when the amp is being oper-
ated in Bridge-Mono mode.
NOTE: The Channel 2 Level control should Figure 3.7 Bridge-Mono Wiring
be set fully counter-clockwise when operat-
ing the amplifier in Bridge-Mono mode.
CAUTION: Be certain all equipment (meters,
switches, etc.) connected to the mono out-
put is balanced. To prevent oscillations,
both sides of the line must be isolated from
the input grounds.

page 8 Operation Manual

MA Series Power Amplifiers

3 Setup

3.6.3 Parallel-Mono Mode

See Figure 3.8. Set the back panel
stereo/mono switch to Parallel-Mono.
INPUTS: Connect input wiring to Channel 1
only.
OUTPUTS: Add a 14 gauge (or larger) jumper
between the red(+) Channel 1 and Channel 2
binding posts. Connect the speaker positive (+)
lead to the Channel 1 red (+) terminal. Connect
the speaker negative (-) lead to the Channel 1
black (-) terminal.
Crown provides a reference of wiring pin assign-
ments for commonly used connector types in the
Crown Amplifier Application Guide.
NOTE: Use only the Channel 1 level
control.
CAUTION: Parallel-Mono wiring requires
installation of a jumper wire. Do not
Figure 3.8 switch to Stereo or Bridge-Mono mode
Parallel-Mono
until this output jumper wire is removed.
Wiring
NOTE: The Channel 2 IOC indicator will
remain lit when operating in
Parallel-Mono mode.

Operation Manual page 9

 MA Series Power Amplifiers

3 Setup

3.7 Set Input Sensitivity 3.8 Connect to AC Mains

4 Operation
The input sensitivity switch inside the amplifier is Connect your amplifier's power cord to the AC
set to 0.775 volt RMS at the factory. (Factory setting mains power source (power outlet). 4.1 Precautions
for international models is 1.4V). It can be changed
Your amplifier is protected from internal and exter-
to 1.4 volts or a voltage gain of 26 dB. The 26 dB WARNING: The third prong of this connector
nal faults, but you should still take the following
gain setting is equivalent to a sensitivity of 2.2 volts (ground) is an important safety feature. Do
precautions for optimum performance and safety:
for the Macro-Tech 602, 2.6 volts for the Macro- not attempt to disable this ground connec-
Tech 1202 and 3.1 volts for the Macro-Tech 2402. tion by using an adapter or other methods. 1. Before use, configure your amplifier for proper
operation as described in the Setup section of
To change the input sensitivity: Amplifiers don't create energy. The AC mains volt-
this manual. Improper wiring can result in seri-
age and current must be sufficient to deliver the
1. Turn off and unplug the amplifier from the AC ous operating difficulties. For advanced setup
power you expect. You must operate your amplifier
source. techniques, consult Crown's Amplifier Applica-
from an AC mains power source with not more than
tion Guide available online at www.crownau-
2. Remove the input module on the back panel. 10% variation above or below the amplifier's speci-
dio.com.
fied line voltage and within the specified frequency
3. Locate the labeled access hole for the sensitivity
requirements (indicated on the amplifier's back 2. Use care when making connections, selecting
switch (Figure 3.9). The sensitivity switch will not
panel label). If you are unsure of the output voltage signal sources and controlling the output level.
be visible because it is mounted below the hole.
of your AC mains, please consult your electrician. The load you save may be your own!
Use your little finger to reach it.
3.9 Startup Procedure 3. Do not short the ground lead of an output cable
4. Set the switch to the desired position.
to the input signal ground. This may form a
Use the following procedure when first turning on
5. Replace the input module. ground loop and cause oscillations.
your amplifier:
4. Never connect the output to a power supply,
1.Turn down the level of your audio source.
battery or power main. Electrical shock may
2.Turn down the Level controls of the amplifier. result.
SENSITIVITY SWITCH INSIDE ACCESS HOLE
3.Turn on the Power switch. The Enable indicator 5. Tampering with the circuitry, or making unau-
next to the Power switch should glow. The amber thorized circuit changes may be hazardous and
ODEP lights should also be glowing. invalidates all agency listings.
4.Turn up the level of your audio source to an opti- 6. Do Not operate the amplifier with the IOC LED
mum level. constantly flashing bright green.
1.4 V
26 dB 5.Turn up the Level controls on the amplifier until 7. Do Not overdrive the mixer, which will cause
0.77 V the desired loudness or power level is achieved. clipped signal to be sent to the amplifier. Such
signals will be reproduced with extreme accu-
Figure 3.9 Input Sensitivity Switch 6.Turn down the level of your audio source to its
racy, and loudspeaker damage may result.
normal range.
8. Do Not operate the amplifier with less than the
If you ever need to make any wiring or installation
rated load impedance. Due to the amplifier's
changes, don't forget to disconnect the power
output protection, such a configuration may
cord.
result in premature clipping and speaker dam-
For help with determining your system's optimum age.
gain structure (signal levels) please refer to the
Crown is not liable for damage that results from
Crown Amplifier Application Guide, available online
overdriving other system components.
at www.crownaudio.com.

page 10 Operation Manual

MA Series Power Amplifiers

4 Operation

4.2 Front Panel Controls and C. Signal/IOC® Indicators They dim proportionally as energy reserves
Indicators decrease. In the rare event that energy reserves
These green multifunction indicators show sig-
The diagram below shows the controls and are depleted, the indicators turn off and ODEP
nal presence and distortion for each channel.
indicators on the front panel of the Macro-Tech proportionally limits output drive so the ampli-
As signal presence indicators, they flash syn-
02 Series. fier can safely continue operating even under
chronously with the output audio signals to
severe conditions. These indicators can also
A. Dust Filters show their presence. As IOC (Input/Output
help identify more unusual operating condi-
Comparator) indicators, they flash brightly with
The dust filters remove large particles from the tions (see Section 5.1.1).
a 0.1 second hold delay if there is a difference
air drawn in by the cooling fan. Check the filters of 0.05% or more between the input and output E. Enable Indicator
regularly to prevent clogging. The filter ele- signal waveforms. This provides proof of dis-
ments can be easily removed for cleaning by This indicator lights when the amplifier has
tortion-free performance. Note: The Channel 2
gently pulling them away from the front panel. been "enabled" or turned on, and AC power is
IOC indicator stays on in Parallel-Mono mode
available.
B. Level Controls (see Section 3.6.3).
F. Enable Switch
The output level for each channel is set with D. ODEP Indicators
these convenient Level controls mounted on This push button is used to turn the amplifier
During normal operation of the ODEP (Output
the front panel. Each level control has 31 on and off. When turned on, the output is
Device Emulation Protection) circuitry, these
detents for precise adjustment. A security muted for approximately four seconds to pro-
amber indicators glow brightly to show the
option is available to prevent tampering (see tect your system from start-up transients. (This
presence of reserve thermal-dynamic energy.
Section 5.3.3). delay can be changed. Contact Crown's Techni-
cal Support Group for details.)

Figure 4.1 Front Panel Controls & Indicators

Operation Manual page 11

 MA Series Power Amplifiers

4 Operation

4.3 Back Panel Controls, Indicators and Connec- J. PIP Module L. Balanced XLR Inputs
tors
The standard PIP2-FXQ is included with your amplifier. It The factory-installed PIP2-FXQ provides a three-pin
G. Power Cord provides female three-pin XLR input connectors. A vari- female XLR connector for balanced input to each chan-
The power cord has an appropriate plug for the required ety of other PIP modules can be used in place of the nel. The XLR inputs are connected in parallel with the
voltage. 120 VAC, 60 Hz North American Macro-Tech PIP2-FXQ. They add additional features that customize amplifier's phone jack inputs. Because the PIP2-FXQ
602s and 1202s have 14 AWG line cords and NEMA 5- the amplifier for different applications (see Section 5.3.1 does not have any active circuitry, its XLR connectors
15P plugs. Macro-Tech 2402s have 12 AWG line cords for information on available PIP modules). can also be used as "daisy chain" outputs to connect sig-
and NEMA 5-20P plugs. International units are shipped nals from phone jack inputs to multiple amplifiers. Cau-
with an appropriate line cord and plug. See Section 7 for Input Sensitivity Switch (not shown) tion: The Channel 2 input should NOT be used in either
AC power usage. Bridge-Mono or Parallel-Mono mode.
The three-position input sensitivity switch located inside
H. Stereo/Mono Switch the amplifier can be set after removing the PIP module M. Output Jacks
(J). It is set at the factory to 0.775 volts for standard 1-
The three operating modes of a Macro-Tech amplifier are A pair of versatile 5-way binding posts is provided for
kHz output into 8 ohms. It can also be set to 1.4 volts for
controlled by this switch. Stereo mode is used for nor- the output of each channel. The 5-way binding posts
standard 1-kHz output into 8 ohms, or a fixed voltage
mal two-channel operation, Bridge-Mono mode is used accept banana plugs, spade lugs or bare wire. (European
gain of 26 dB (see Section 3.7).
to drive a single channel with a load impedance of at models do not accept banana plugs.)
least 4 ohms, and Parallel-Mono mode is used to drive a K. Balanced Phone Jack Inputs
N. Input Ground Lift Switch
single channel with an impedance less than 4 ohms. Balanced 1/4-inch phone jack input connectors are pro-
Important: Turn off the amplifier before changing the ste- The input ground lift switch is located on the PIP2-FXQ.
vided on the PIP2-FXQ. The phone jacks can be wired for
reo/mono switch (see Sections 3.6.2 and 3.6.3). It is used to isolate the input signal grounds from the AC
either balanced (tip, ring and sleeve) or unbalanced (tip
(chassis) ground to help prevent ground loops that can
I. Reset Switches (Macro-Tech 2402 only) and sleeve) input signals. Caution: The Channel 2 input
result in unwanted hum and noise (see the Crown Ampli-
should NOT be used in either Bridge-Mono or Parallel-
The Macro-Tech 2402 has a back panel Reset switch for fier Application Guide for more information about pre-
Mono mode.
each channel. Each switch resets the circuit breaker that venting ground loops).
protects the channel's power supply from overload.

Figure 4.2 Rear Panel Controls & Connectors

(Note: Reset Switches (Item I) only available on the Macro-Tech 2402 model.)
page 12 Operation Manual
MA Series Power Amplifiers

4 Operation

4.4 Indicators The ODEP indicator for the affected channel will Under conditions where one of the amplifier's
The amber Enable indicator is provided to turn off if a high-voltage power supply is put in high-voltage power supplies is temporarily put
show that the amplifier has been turned on (or "standby" mode, a high-voltage power supply in standby mode, the Signal/IOC indicators will
enabled), and that its low-voltage power supply fuse (or breaker) blows, or a transformer acti- stay on with full brightness. They will resume
and forced-air cooling system are working. It vates its thermal protection circuitry (see Sec- normal operation when the amplifier is no
does not indicate the status of the high-voltage tion 5.1.3). Both ODEP indicators turn off if the longer in standby mode.
power supplies. For example, the Enable indi- amplifier loses AC power, the power switch is
cator will remain lit during unusual conditions turned off or the low-voltage power supply fuse
that would cause the amplifier's protection sys- blows.
tems to put a high-voltage power supply in The green Signal/IOC indicators show sig-
"standby" mode (see Section 5.1.2). nal presence and distortion. As signal presence
The amber ODEP indicators confirm the nor- indicators, they flash with normal intensity in
mal operation of Crown's patented Output sync with the output audio signals. As IOC
Device Emulation Protection circuitry. During (Input/Output Comparator) indicators, they
normal operation, they glow brightly to show flash brightly if there is any difference between
the presence of reserve thermal-dynamic the input and output signal waveforms greater
energy. They dim proportionally as the energy than 0.05%. Because transient distortion hap-
reserve decreases. In the rare event that there is pens quickly, a 0.1 second "hold delay" keeps
no reserve, the indicators turn off and ODEP the indicators on long enough to be easily
proportionally limits the drive level of the out- noticed. The IOC function essentially provides
put stages so the amplifier can continue safe proof of distortion-free performance. Note: The
operation even when conditions are severe. Channel 2 IOC indicator will remain lit when
(For a more detailed description of ODEP, see running in Parallel-Mono mode.
Section 5.1.1.)

Figure 4.3 Indicators

Operation Manual page 13

 MA Series Power Amplifiers

5 Advanced Features
and Options
5.1 Protection Systems 5.1.2 Standby Mode An IQ-PIP module may also temporarily place
Macro-Tech amplifiers provide extensive pro- An important part of a Macro-Tech amplifier's the amplifier in standby mode, typically for
tection and diagnostics capabilities. Protection protection systems is standby mode. Standby power conservation. The standby mode status
systems include ODEP, "standby" mode, fuses protects the amplifier during potentially cata- can be triggered manually. The auto standby
(or breakers), and special thermal protection for strophic conditions. It temporarily removes can be triggered via the control software, in
the unit's transformers. bias in all four output stages, protecting the which case the standby status will be automati-
amplifier and its loads. This advanced protec- cally cancelled when the defined level of input
5.1.1 ODEP signal is detected. If the unit has been placed
tion implementation, called "Quad-Mute," is
Crown invented ODEP to solve two long-stand- new to the Macro-Tech series amplifiers. into a standby state, not auto-standby, this sta-
ing problems in amplifier design: to prevent Standby mode can be identified using the indi- tus must be manually cleared using either
amplifier shutdown during demanding opera- cator table in Section 6, Troubleshooting. IQwic or System Architect control software.
tion and to increase the efficiency of the output
circuitry. Standby mode can be activated in several situa- 5.1.3 Transformer Thermal Protec-
tions. First, if dangerous subsonic frequencies tion
To do this, Crown established a rigorous pro- or direct current (DC) is detected in the ampli- All Macro-Tech amplifiers have transformer
gram to measure the safe operating area (SOA) fier's output, the unit will activate its DC/low- thermal protection. It protects the power sup-
of each output transistor before installing it in frequency protection circuitry and put the plies from damage under the rare conditions of
an amplifier. Next, Crown designed intelligent affected channels in standby. This protects the transformer temperatures rising too high. A
circuitry to simulate the instantaneous operat- loads and prevent oscillations. The unit thermal switch embedded in each transformer
ing conditions of those output transistors. Its resumes normal operation as soon as the removes power to the channel if there is exces-
name describes what it does: Output Device amplifier no longer detects dangerous low fre- sive heat. The switch automatically resets when
Emulation Protection or ODEP. In addition to quency or DC output. Although it is extremely the transformer cools to a safe temperature.
simulating the operating conditions of the out- unlikely that you will ever activate the ampli-
put transistors, it also compares their operation fier's DC/low-frequency protection system, It is extremely unlikely that you will ever see a
to their known SOA. If it sees that more power improper source materials such as subsonic Macro-Tech amplifier activate transformer ther-
is about to be asked of them than they are capa- square waves or input overloads that result in mal protection as long as it is operated within
ble of delivering under the present conditions, excessively clipped input signals can activate rated conditions (see Section 8, Specifica-
ODEP immediately limits the drive level until it this system. tions). One reason is that ODEP keeps the
falls within the SOA. Limiting is proportional amplifier working under very severe conditions.
and kept to an absolute minimum—only what The amplifier's fault protection system will put Even so, higher than rated output levels, exces-
is required to prevent output transistor damage. an amplifier channel in standby mode in rare sively low impedance loads and unreasonably
situations where heavy common-mode current high input signals can generate more heat in
This level of protection enables Crown to is detected in the channel's output. The ampli- the transformer than in the output devices.
increase output efficiency to never-before- fier should never output heavy common-mode These conditions can overheat the transformer
achieved levels while greatly increasing ampli- current unless its circuitry is damaged in some and activate its protection system.
fier reliability. way, and putting a channel in standby mode
helps to prevent further damage. Macro-Tech amplifiers are designed to keep
The on-board intelligence is monitored in two
working under conditions where other amplifi-
ways. First, the front panel ODEP indicators The amplifier's transformer thermal protection ers would fail. But even when the limits of a
show whether the amplifier is functioning cor- circuitry is activated in very unusual circum- Macro-Tech amplifier are exceeded, it will still
rectly or if ODEP is limiting the drive level. Sec- stances where the unit's transformer tempera- protect itself-and your investment-from dam-
ond, ODEP data is fed to the back panel PIP ture rises to unsafe levels. Under these age.
connector so advanced PIP modules like the abnormal conditions, the amplifier will put the
IQ-PIP-USP3 can use it to monitor and control channel of the affected transformer in standby
the amplifier. mode. The amplifier will return to normal oper-
With ODEP, the show keeps going because you ation after the transformer cools to a safe tem-
get the maximum power with the maximum perature. (For more information on transformer
protection. thermal protection, refer to section 5.1.3.)

page 14 Operation Manual

MA Series Power Amplifiers

5 Advanced Features
and Options
5.1.4 Fuses and Circuit Breakers Here are some of their many features: • Full protection against shorted outputs,
The power supplies of the Macro-Tech 602 and mismatched loads, input/output DC,
• Crown's Grounded Bridge design deliv-
1202 are protected by fuses. The power sup- general overheating, high-frequency
ers large voltage swings without using
plies of the Macro-Tech 2402 are protected by overloads and internal faults.
easily stressed output-transistor config-
circuit breakers. With rated loads and output urations like conventional amplifiers. • Dedicated power supply transformers
levels, the fuses (or circuit breakers) should The results are lower distortion and isolate channels in Stereo mode for
only shut down the amplifier in the rare superior reliability. superb crosstalk characteristics and reli-
instance of a catastrophic failure. Other protec- ability—each channel is virtually a sepa-
tion systems like ODEP keep the amplifier • Patented ODEP (Output Device Emulation
rate amplifier.
operational under most other severe condi- Protection) circuitry compensates for
tions. The fuses (or circuit breakers) can also overheating and overload to keep the • Balanced inputs with internal three-posi-
shut down the amplifier in cases where amplifier working when others would tion sensitivity switch and adjustable
extremely low-impedance loads and high out- fail. front-panel level controls.
put levels result in current draw that exceeds • IOC (Input/Output Comparator) circuitry • Full protection from shorted, open and
their rating. Again, this should only be possible immediately alerts of any distortion mismatched loads, general overheating,
when operating outside rated conditions, such exceeding 0.05%, providing dynamic DC, high-frequency overloads, and full
as when the amplifier is used to drive a 1-ohm proof of distortion-free performance. internal fault protection are provided by
load in Stereo mode, or when a signal over- our latest protection scheme: “Quad-
loads the input and is clipped severely. • PIP (Programmable Input Processor)
Mute.”
connector accepts accessories that tailor
All 120 VAC, 60 Hz units and all Macro-Tech the amplifier to suit specific applications. • Efficient heat sinks and a self-contained
2402s have a separate fuse for the low-voltage forced-air cooling system dissipate heat
power supply. All units have separate fuses or • Enhanced PIP2 (Programmable Input
quickly and evenly for extra amplifier
breakers for the high-voltage power supplies. Processor) connector accepts new
protection and greater power output.
accessory modules that further tailor the
Macro-Tech amplifiers do not blow their fuses amplifier to suit specific applications, • Extra rugged, extruded aluminum front
or trip their breakers unless something is including wideband load current moni- panel with ODEP and signal presence/
wrong. In the rare event that an internal fuse toring. IOC indicators for each channel, and an
blows, please refer the unit to a qualified tech- Enable indicator.
nician. If a breaker in a Macro-Tech 2402 trips, • Two mono modes (Bridge-Mono and
try to identify and correct the problem before Parallel-Mono) for driving a wide range • Mounts in a standard 19-inch (48.3-cm)
resetting the breakers with the back panel Reset of load impedances. equipment rack (units can also be
switches. If the problem persists, refer the unit stacked).
• Very low harmonic and intermodulation
to a qualified technician. • Three-Year, No-Fault, Fully Transferable
distortion result in the best dynamic
transfer function in the industry. warranty completely protects your
5.2 Advanced Features
investment and guarantees its specifica-
Macro-Tech amplifiers use cutting edge tech- • High damping factor provides superior
tions.
nology to deliver the ultimate in power and control over low- frequency drivers for a
value for their size, weight and price. They offer clean, accurate low end.
numerous advantages over conventional
designs and provide benefits you can't get in
amplifiers from any other manufacturer.

Operation Manual page 15

 MA Series Power Amplifiers

5 Advanced Features
and Options
5.3 Options

5.3.1 PIP and PIP2 Modules

Versatile PIP (Programmable Input Processor)
modules provide flexible expansion features
that can be added to customize the amplifier.
PIP modules plug into the connector inside the
back panel of the amplifier. PIP modules are
available with a features ranging from error-
driven compressor/limiters to remote control
and monitoring via IQwic or System Architect.
Your amplifier is a PIP2 amplifier, which means
it can take advantage of the many advanced fea-
tures found in PIP2 modules, as well as all
standard PIP modules. Visit the Crown website
at www.crownaudio.com, or contact Crown
Customer Service, for descriptions of available Figure 5.1 PIP2 Adapter Connection
PIP and PIP2 modules.
The modules install easily: For PIP units featur-
ing an edge-connector, first attach the ampli-
fier’s ribbon cables to the PIP2 adapter as in
Figure 5.1. Then carefully slide the PIP card
edge into the adapter's edge connector (Figure
5.2). Finally, insert the combined units into the
amplifier and screw securely into place (Figure
5.2).
.

Figure 5.2 Installing a PIP Module

page 16 Operation Manual

MA Series Power Amplifiers

5 Advanced Features
and Options
For PIP2s featuring ribbon cable connectors, 5.3.2 Cooling Fan Options
simply locate the two connectors on the under- Every Macro-Tech amplifier has a built-in high-
side of the PIP circuit board, then connect the velocity fan that provides optimum cooling. Two
two input ribbon cables coming from the ampli- optional replacement fan blades are available for
fier (see Figure 5.3). Both ribbon cables should special cooling requirements. Crown part C 6594-3
run smoothly from the amplifier to the PIP card. is a quieter, low-velocity fan blade that in many
Insert the PIP and attached cables into the PIP cases can provide adequate cooling. Crown part C
opening in the back of the amplifier, then screw 6593-5 is a reverse air-flow fan blade which
securely into place. changes the direction of the air flow in and out of
WARNING: Disconnect power to the the amplifier (not recommended for the Macro-Tech
amplifier when installing or removing a 2402). Important: The optional replacement fan
PIP module. blades should only be installed by a qualified tech-
nician.

5.3.3 Level Control Shaft Lock

A security accessory, the shaft lock can be used to
secure your amplifier's level controls in situations
where the front panel controls are subject to tamper-
ing. One is needed for each channel. They can be
ordered through the Crown Service/Parts Depart-
ment. For more information, contact your local
Crown dealer or Crown Technical Support.

Figure 5.3 Installing a PIP2 Module Figure 5.4 Installing a Level Control Shaft Lock

Operation Manual page 17

 MA Series Power Amplifiers

6 Troubleshooting
Indicator Status Amplifier Condition
The table in Figure 6.1 shows the possible
states for the ODEP and Signal/IOC indica-
There is no power to the amplifier and all indicators are off, including the Enable light.
tors. It also describes the conditions that ODEP OFF
Possible reasons: (1) The amplifier’s Enable switch is off. (2) The amplifier is not plugged into the power
may be associated with the different indica-
receptacle. (3) The AC circuit breaker has been tripped. (4) The amplifier’s low-voltage power supply
tor states. The Enable indicator will be off SIGNAL / IOC OFF
fuse has blown.
with the first indicator state, "There is no
power to the amplifier." All other conditions
in the table will occur with the Enable indi- Normal operation for a channel with NO audio output. Possible reasons: (1) There is no input signal.
ODEP ON
cator turned on. It is important to note the (2) The input signal level is very low. (3) The channel’s level control is turned down.
possible states of the indicators in the rare SIGNAL / IOC OFF
event that you experience a problem. This
can greatly aid in determining the source of
problems. Please contact your local Crown Normal operation for a channel with audio output. The ODEP indicator will remain at full intensity
representative or our Technical Support ODEP ON
to show that there is reserve thermodynamic energy, and the Signal/IOC indicator will flash with normal
Group for further assistance. intensity to show that the channel has audio output.
SIGNAL / IOC Normal

The channel’s output is exceeding 0.05% distortion. The input signal level is too high and IOC is
ODEP ON
reporting either an input overload or output clipping.
SIGNAL / IOC Bright OR
Channel 2 only: The amplifier is in Parallel-Mono mode. The channel 2 Signal/IOC indicator always
Figure 6.1 turns on to full brightness whenever the amplifier's stereo/mono switch is set to Parallel-Mono mode.
Macro-Tech ODEP
and Signal/IOC Indicator Status The amplifier channel is in standby mode. Possible reasons: (1) A PIP module like an
ODEP OFF
IQ-PIP-Lite has turned off the channel’s high-voltage power supply. (2) The amplifier has just been
turned on and is still in the four second turn-on delay. (3) The DC / low-frequency protection circuitry has
SIGNAL / IOC Bright
been activated. (4) The fault protection circuitry has been activated. (5) The transformer thermal
protection circuitry has been activated.
OR
A channel’s fuse has blown or breaker has tripped. Transformer overload can cause a channel’s
internal fuse for its high-voltage supply to blow in a Macro-Tech 602 or 1202, and it can
cause the channel’s circuit breaker to trip in a Macro-Tech 2402.
OR
ODEP limiting has been activated. Possible reasons: (1) The amplifier’s air filters are blocked and
need to be cleaned. (2) There is insufficient cooling because of inadequate air flow or air that is too hot.
(3) The load impedance for the channel is too low because the output is shorted or the amplifier is
driving too many loudspeakers for the selected stereo/mono mode. (4) The amplifier channel is
continuously being driven to very high output levels.

ODEP limiting is about to begin. Possible reasons: (1) The amplifier’s air filters are blocked and need
ODEP OFF
to be cleaned. (2) There is insufficient cooling because of inadequate air flow or air that is too hot.
SIGNAL / IOC Normal (3) The load impedance for the channel is too low because the output is shorted or the amplifier is
driving too many loudspeakers for the selected stereo/mono mode. (4) The amplifier channel is
continuously being driven to very high output levels.

page 18 Operation Manual

MA Series Power Amplifiers

7 Theory of Operation

7.1 Overview The devices connected to the load are referred A thermal switch embedded in each transformer
Your Macro-Tech amplifier incorporates several to as "high-side NPN and PNP" and the devices protects it from overheating.
advanced technological features including real- connected to ground are referred to as "low-
The low-voltage transformer output is rectified
time computer simulation of output transistor side NPN and PNP." Positive current is deliv-
by diodes D1, D2, D3 and D4 to generate an
stress, low-stress output stages, an advanced ered to the load by increasing conductance
unregulated 24 volts. Monolithic regulators U1
heat sink embodiment and the PIP2 (Program- simultaneously in the high-side NPN and low-
and U2 provide a regulated ±15 volts.
mable Input Processor) expansion system. side PNP stage, while synchronously decreas-
ing conductance of the high-side PNP and low- 7.2.1 Stereo Operation
Custom circuitry is incorporated to limit tem- side NPN.
perature and current to safe levels, making it For simplicity, the discussion of Stereo opera-
highly reliable and tolerant of faults. Unlike The two channels may be used together to dou- tion will refer to one channel only. Mono opera-
many lesser amplifiers, it can operate at its ble the voltage (Bridge-Mono) or the current tion will be discussed later.
voltage and current limits without self- (Parallel-Mono) presented to the load. This fea-
Please refer to the block diagram in Figure 7.1.
destructing. ture gives you flexibility to maximize the power
available to the load. The input signal at the phone jack passes
Real-time computer simulation is used to cre- directly into the balanced gain stage (U104-C
ate an analogue of the junction temperature of A wide bandwidth, multiloop design is used for
and U104-D). When the PIP module is used,
the output transistors (hereafter referred to as state-of-the-art compensation. This produces
the input signal first passes through the PIP's
"output devices"). Current is limited only when ideal behavior and results in ultra-low distor-
circuitry and then to the balanced gain stage.
the device temperature becomes excessive (and tion values.
by the minimum amount required). This pat- The balanced gain stage (U104-C and U104-D)
Aluminum extrusions have been widely used
ented approach is called Output Device Emula- causes balanced to single-ended conversion
for heat sinks in power amplifiers due to their
tion Protection (or ODEP). It maximizes the using a difference amplifier. From there, gain
low cost and reasonable performance. However,
available output power and protects against can be controlled with a potentiometer. The
measured on a watts- per-pound or watts-per-
overheating-the major cause of device failure. error amp (U104-A) amplifies the difference
volume basis, the extrusion technology doesn't
between the output signal and the input signal
The amplifier is protected from all common perform nearly as well as the heat sink technol-
from the gain pot, and drives the voltage trans-
hazards that plague high-power amplifiers ogy developed for Macro-Tech amplifiers.
lator stage.
including shorted, open or mismatched loads; Our heat sinks are fabricated from custom con-
overloaded power supplies, excessive tempera- From the error amp U104-A, the voltage trans-
voluted fin stock that provides an extremely
ture, chain-destruction phenomena, input over- lator stage channels the signal to the Last Volt-
high ratio of area to volume, or area to weight.
load and high-frequency blowups. The unit age Amplifiers (LVAs) depending on the signal
All power devices are mounted directly to mas-
protects loudspeakers from input and output polarity. The +LVA (Q104 and Q105) and the -
sive heat spreaders that are electrically at the
DC, as well as turn-on and turn-off transients. LVA (Q110 and Q111), with their push-pull
Vcc potential. Electrifying the heat spreaders
effect through the bias servo Q318, drive the
The four-quadrant topology used in a Macro- improves thermal performance by eliminating
fully complementary output stage.
Tech's grounded output stages is called the the insulating interface underneath the power
Grounded Bridge. This patented topology devices. The chassis itself is even used as part The bias servo Q318 is thermally coupled to
makes full use of the power supplies providing of the thermal circuit to maximize utilization of the heat sink, and sets the quiescent bias cur-
peak-to-peak voltages to the load that are twice the available cooling resources. rent in the output stage to lower the distortion
the voltage seen by the output devices (see Fig- in the crossover region of the output signal.
ure 7.1). 7.2 Circuit Theory Depending on the polarity of the output signal,
Each channel is powered by its own power D301, D302, D303 and D304 are used to
As its name suggests, the Grounded Bridge transformer T100 or T200. Both channels share remove the charge on the unused portion of the
topology is referenced to ground. Composite a common low-voltage transformer TF-1. The output stage.
devices are constructed to function as gigantic secondary output of T100 is full-wave rectified
NPN and PNP devices to handle currents which With the voltage swing provided by the LVAs,
by D109 and is filtered by a large computer-
exceed the limits of available devices. Each the signal then gains current amplification
grade capacitor. D104 through D107 provide
output stage has two composite NPN devices through the Darlington emitter-follower output
boosted voltage to power LVAs and predrivers.
and two composite PNP devices. stage.

Operation Manual page 19

 MA Series Power Amplifiers

7 Theory of Operation

The bridge-balanced circuit (U104-B) receives a To further protect the output stages, the patented nal applied to the Channel 1 input jack and the load output stage of Channel 2. The Channel 2 balanced
signal from the output of the amplifier, and differ- ODEP circuitry is used. It produces an analog out- connected across the red (+) back panel 5-way input, error amp, translators and LVAs are discon-
ences it with the signal at the Vcc supply. The put proportional to the always-changing safe oper- binding posts, twice the voltage can be output. nected and no longer control the Channel 2 output
bridge-balanced circuit then develops a voltage to ating area of the output transistor. This output stage. Disconnecting the front-end stages from the
The Channel 1 output feeds the Channel 2 error
drive the bridge-balanced output stage. This results controls the translator stage previously mentioned, Channel 2 output causes the Channel 2 IOC circuit
amp U204-A. Because there is a net inversion, the
in the Vcc supply having exactly one half of the out- removing any further drive that may exceed the safe to note that the input waveform (which is not
channel 2 output is out of polarity with Channel 1.
put voltage added to their quiescent voltage. D309, operating area of the output stage. present) does not match the output waveform
This produces twice as much voltage across the
D310, D311 and a trimmer resistor set the quiescent (which is driven by the Channel 1 input signal).
Thermal sensor S100 gives the ODEP circuits vital load. Each of the channel's protection mechanisms
current point for the bridge-balanced output stage. This activates the Channel 2 IOC indicator any time
information on the operating temperature of the heat work independently if a fault occurs.
the amplifier is switched to Parallel-Mono. The
The protection mechanisms that affect the signal sink on which the output devices are mounted.
7.2.3 Parallel-Mono Operation Channel 2 output stage and protection mechanisms
path are implemented to protect the amplifier under
Should the amplifier fail in such a way that would are also coupled through S1 and function as one.
real-world conditions. These conditions are high With the stereo/mono switch set to Parallel-Mono,
cause DC across the output leads, the DC protection
instantaneous current, excessive temperature, and the output of Channel 2 is paralleled with the output In Parallel-Mono mode, twice the current of one
circuit senses this on the negative feedback loop
output device operation outside safe conditions. of Channel 1. A suitable jumper capable of handling channel alone can be obtained. Because the Chan-
and shuts down the power supply until the DC is
high current levels must be connected across the nel 2 ODEP circuit is coupled through S1, this gives
Q107 and Q108 sense current in the output stage removed.
red (+) 5-way binding posts to gain the benefits of added protection if a fault occurs in the Channel 2
and act as a conventional current limiter. When cur-
7.2.2 Bridge-Mono Operation this mode of operation. output stage. The ODEP circuit of Channel 2 will
rent at any one instant exceeds the design criteria,
limit the output of both output stages by removing
the limiters remove the drive from the LVAs, thus By setting the back panel stereo/mono switch to The signal path for Channel 1 is the same as previ- the drive from the Channel 1 translator stages.
limiting current in the output stage to a safe level. Bridge-Mono, the user can convert the Macro-Tech ously discussed, except Channel 1 also drives the
into a bridged, single-channel amplifier. With a sig-

ONLY ONE CHANNEL SHOWN

Figure 7.1 Circuit Block Diagram

page 20 Operation Manual

MA Series Power Amplifiers

8 Specifications

Minimum Guaranteed Power Macro-Tech 602 Macro-Tech 1202 Macro-Tech 2402

120 VAC, 60 Hz Units, Stereo mode, per channel, both channels driven
1 kHz with 0.1% THD
Stereo, 2 ohms per ch. 400 W 675 W 1,050 W
Stereo, 4 ohms per ch. 325 W 480 W 800 W
Stereo, 8 ohms per ch. 225 W 310 W 520 W
120 VAC, 60 Hz Units, Bridge mono mode
1 kHz with 0.1% THD
4 ohms 750 W 1,300 W 2,070 W
8 ohms 655 W 970 W 1,585 W
16 ohms 450 W 620 W 1,035 W
120 VAC, 60 Hz Units, Parallel mono mode
1 kHz with 0.1% THD
1 ohm 700 W 1,300 W 2,080 W
2 ohms 665 W 965 W 1,605 W
4 ohms 450 W 620 W 1,035 W
Performance Macro-Tech 602 Macro-Tech 1202 Macro-Tech 2402
Frequency Response (at 1 watt, 20 Hz - 20 kHz) ± 0.1 dB ± 0.1 dB ± 0.1 dB
Phase Response (at 1 watt, 10 Hz - 20 kHz) ± 10° ± 10° ± 10°
Signal to Noise Ratio below rated full bandwidth power
20 Hz to 20 kHz > 100 dB > 100 dB > 100 dB
A-weighted > 105 dB > 105 dB > 105 dB
Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) at rated power, from 20 Hz to 1 kHz < 0.05% < 0.05% < 0.05%
Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) at rated power, at 20 kHz 0.1% 0.1% 0.1%
Intermodulation Distortion (IMD) 60 Hz and 7 kHz at 4:1, < 0.05% < 0.05% < 0.05%
from 163 milliwatts to full bandwidth power
Damping Factor: 10 Hz to 400 Hz > 1000 > 1000 > 1000
Crosstalk (below rated power, 20 Hz to 1 kHz) > 85dB > 85 dB > 85 dB
Controlled Slew Rate > 13 volts/microsecond > 13 volts/microsecond > 13 volts/microsecond
Input Impedance (nominal) balanced, unbalanced 20 k ohms, 10 k ohms 20 k ohms, 10 k ohms 20 k ohms, 10 k ohms

Operation Manual page 21

 MA Series Power Amplifiers

8 Specifications

Performance (continued) Macro-Tech 602 Macro-Tech 1202 Macro-Tech 2402

Load Impedance (Note: Safe with all types of loads)
Stereo
2-8 ohms 2-8 ohms 2-8 ohms
Bridge Mono
4-16 ohms 4-16 ohms 4-16 ohms
Parallel Mono
1-4 ohms 1-4 ohms 1-4 ohms
Voltage Gain (at maximum level setting, ± 6%)
0.775V sensitivity 35 dB ± 0.5 dB 36 dB ± 0.5 dB 38 dB ± 0.5 dB
1.4V sensitivity 30 dB ± 0.5 dB 31 dB ± 0.5 dB 33 dB ± 0.5 dB
26 dB gain 26 dB 26 dB 26 dB
Required AC Mains 50/60 Hz, 100-240VAC (+10%,–15%) 50/60 Hz, 100-240VAC (+10%,–15%) 50/60 Hz, 100-240VAC (+10%,–15%)
Power Draw at Idle 100 watts or less 100 watts or less 100 watts or less
Ventilation Flow-through ventilation from Flow-through ventilation from Flow-through ventilation from
front to side panels front to side panels front to side panels
Cooling Internal heat sinks with forced-air cooling- Internal heat sinks with forced-air cooling Internal heat sinks with forced-air cooling for
for rapid, uniform heat dissipation for rapid, uniform heat dissipation rapid, uniform heat dissipation
Dimensions
Width EIA Standard 19-inch (48.3 cm) rack mount EIA Standard 19-inch (48.3 cm) rack mount EIA Standard 19-inch (48.3 cm) rack mount
(EIA RS-310-B) (EIA RS-310-B) (EIA RS-310-B)
Height 3.5 inches (8.9 cm 3.5 inches (8.9 cm 3.5 inches (8.9 cm
Depth 16 inches (40.6 cm) 16 inches (40.6 cm) 16 inches (40.6 cm)
Weight
Net Weight 39 lb 9 oz (17.9 kg) 44 lb 1 oz (20.0 kg) 51 lb 12 oz (23.5 kg)
Shipping Weight 44 lb (19.9 kg) 47 lb (21.3 kg) 65 lb (29.5 kg)

page 22 Operation Manual

MA Series Power Amplifiers

8 Specifications

Maximum Power Notes:

All maximum power specifications are based on
0.1% regulated AC mains and an ambient room
temperature of 70°F (21°C). International units
with multi-tap transformers are specified for the
best-case transformer tap (normally 240 VAC, 60
Hz). Although it is an unusual condition, your
amplifier can function well with AC mains volt-
ages up to 10% over the specified line voltage.
With overvoltage conditions, your amplifier may
be capable of delivering instantaneous power
levels up to 20% greater than the specifications
in the matrix.

1. A single cycle sine wave is presented to the

amplifier and monitored for nonlinear distortion.
The average power during the burst is reported.
Loudspeakers must be able to withstand this
level if they are to be safely used with this ampli-
fier.

2. A 40-millisecond sine wave burst (10% duty

cycle) is presented to the amplifier and moni-
tored for nonlinear distortion. The average power
during the burst is reported. This power level is a
measurement of the amplifier’s maximum tran-
sient power than can be perceived by the human
ear.

Figure 8.1 Macro-Tech 602 Maximum Power Matrix

Operation Manual page 23

 MA Series Power Amplifiers

8 Specifications

Maximum Power Notes:

All maximum power specifications are based on
0.1% regulated AC mains and an ambient room
temperature of 70°F (21°C). International units
with multi-tap transformers are specified for the
best-case transformer tap (normally 240 VAC, 60
Hz). Although it is an unusual condition, your
amplifier can function well with AC mains volt-
ages up to 10% over the specified line voltage.
With overvoltage conditions, your amplifier may
be capable of delivering instantaneous power
levels up to 20% greater than the specifications
in the matrix.

1. A single cycle sine wave is presented to the

amplifier and monitored for nonlinear distortion.
The average power during the burst is reported.
Loudspeakers must be able to withstand this
level if they are to be safely used with this ampli-
fier.

2. A 40-millisecond sine wave burst (10% duty

cycle) is presented to the amplifier and moni-
tored for nonlinear distortion. The average power
during the burst is reported. This power level is a
measurement of the amplifier’s maximum tran-
sient power than can be perceived by the human
ear.

Figure 8.2 Macro-Tech 1202 Maximum Power Matrix

page 24 Operation Manual

MA Series Power Amplifiers

8 Specifications

Maximum Power Notes:

All maximum power specifications are based on
0.1% regulated AC mains and an ambient room
temperature of 70°F (21°C). International units
with multi-tap transformers are specified for the
best-case transformer tap (normally 240 VAC, 60
Hz). Although it is an unusual condition, your
amplifier can function well with AC mains volt-
ages up to 10% over the specified line voltage.
With overvoltage conditions, your amplifier may
be capable of delivering instantaneous power
levels up to 20% greater than the specifications
in the matrix.

1. A single cycle sine wave is presented to the

amplifier and monitored for nonlinear distortion.
The average power during the burst is reported.
Loudspeakers must be able to withstand this
level if they are to be safely used with this ampli-
fier.

2. A 40-millisecond sine wave burst (10% duty

cycle) is presented to the amplifier and moni-
tored for nonlinear distortion. The average power
during the burst is reported. This power level is a
measurement of the amplifier’s maximum tran-
sient power than can be perceived by the human
ear.

Figure 8.3 Macro-Tech 2402 Maximum Power Matrix

Operation Manual page 25

 MA Series Power Amplifiers

8 Specifications

Minimum Power Notes:

All minimum power specifications are based on
0.1% regulated AC mains and an ambient room
temperature of 70°F (21°C). International units
with multi-tap transformers are specified for the
worst-case transformer tap (normally 100 VAC,
50 Hz). The standard EIA power measurement
(RS-490) is not identified here because it is
identical to the FTC Continuous Average Power
specification.

1. A 1-kHz sine wave is presented to the ampli-

fier and the output monitored for nonlinear dis-
tortion. The level is increased until the THD
reaches 0.1%. At this level the average power
per channel is reported.

2. A sine wave is presented to the amplifier over

the range from 20 Hz to 20 kHz and the output
monitored for nonlinear distortion. The level at
each frequency is increased until the THD
reaches 0.1%. At this level the average power
per channel is reported.

3. A 1-kHz sine wave is presented to the ampli-

fier and the output monitored for nonlinear dis-
tortion. The level is increased until the THD
reaches 0.05%. At this level the average power
per channel is reported.

4. Continuous power in the context of Federal

Trade Commission testing is understood to be a
minimum of five minutes of operation. Harmonic
distortion is measured as the RMS sum total and
given as a percentage of the fundamental output
voltage. This applies for all wattages greater than
Figure 8.4 Macro-Tech 602 Minimum Power Matrix 0.25 watts.

page 26 Operation Manual

MA Series Power Amplifiers

8 Specifications

Minimum Power Notes:

All minimum power specifications are based on
0.1% regulated AC mains and an ambient room
temperature of 70°F (21°C). International units
with multi-tap transformers are specified for the
worst-case transformer tap (normally 100 VAC,
50 Hz). The standard EIA power measurement
(RS-490) is not identified here because it is
identical to the FTC Continuous Average Power
specification.

1. A 1-kHz sine wave is presented to the ampli-

fier and the output monitored for nonlinear dis-
tortion. The level is increased until the THD
reaches 0.1%. At this level the average power
per channel is reported.

2. A sine wave is presented to the amplifier over

the range from 20 Hz to 20 kHz and the output
monitored for nonlinear distortion. The level at
each frequency is increased until the THD
reaches 0.1%. At this level the average power
per channel is reported.

3. A 1-kHz sine wave is presented to the ampli-

fier and the output monitored for nonlinear dis-
tortion. The level is increased until the THD
reaches 0.05%. At this level the average power
per channel is reported.

4. Continuous power in the context of Federal

Trade Commission testing is understood to be a
minimum of five minutes of operation. Harmonic
distortion is measured as the RMS sum total and
given as a percentage of the fundamental output
voltage. This applies for all wattages greater than
Figure 8.5 Macro-Tech 1202 Minimum Power Matrix 0.25 watts.

Operation Manual page 27

 MA Series Power Amplifiers

8 Specifications

Minimum Power Notes:

All minimum power specifications are based on
0.1% regulated AC mains and an ambient room
temperature of 70°F (21°C). International units
with multi-tap transformers are specified for the
worst-case transformer tap (normally 100 VAC,
50 Hz). The standard EIA power measurement
(RS-490) is not identified here because it is
identical to the FTC Continuous Average Power
specification.

1. A 1-kHz sine wave is presented to the ampli-

fier and the output monitored for nonlinear dis-
tortion. The level is increased until the THD
reaches 0.1%. At this level the average power
per channel is reported.

2. A sine wave is presented to the amplifier over

the range from 20 Hz to 20 kHz and the output
monitored for nonlinear distortion. The level at
each frequency is increased until the THD
reaches 0.1%. At this level the average power
per channel is reported.

3. A 1-kHz sine wave is presented to the ampli-

fier and the output monitored for nonlinear dis-
tortion. The level is increased until the THD
reaches 0.05%. At this level the average power
per channel is reported.

4. Continuous power in the context of Federal

Trade Commission testing is understood to be a
minimum of five minutes of operation. Harmonic
distortion is measured as the RMS sum total and
given as a percentage of the fundamental output
voltage. This applies for all wattages greater than
Figure 8.6 Macro-Tech 2402 Minimum Power Matrix 0.25 watts.

page 28 Operation Manual

MA Series Power Amplifiers

9 AC Power Draw andThermal Dissipation

This section provides detailed information about the amount of power Here are the equations used to calculate the data presented in Figures
and current drawn from the AC mains by Macro-Tech 602, 1202 and 9.1, 9.2 and 9.3:
2402 amplifiers and the amount of heat produced under various condi-
tions. The calculations presented here are intended to provide a realistic Total output power with all x Duty
AC Mains Power channels driven (watts) Cycle
and reliable depiction of the amplifiers. The following assumptions or = + Quiescent Power
Draw (watts) Amplifier Efficiency (.65) Draw (watts)
approximations were made:
• The amplifier’s available channels are loaded, and full power is being
The quiescent power draw of 90 watts is a maximum value and includes
delivered.
power drawn by the fan. The following equation converts power draw in
• Amplifier efficiency at standard 1 kHz power is estimated to be 65%. watts to current draw in amperes:
• Quiescent power draw is 90 watts (an almost negligible amount for AC Mains Power
Current Draw = Draw (watts)
full-power calculations). (amperes) AC Mains x Power
• Quiescent thermal dissipation equals 105btu/hr at 90 watts. Voltage Factor (.83)

• The estimated duty cycles take into account the typical crest factor for
each type of source material. The power factor of 0.83 is needed to compensate for the difference in
phase between the AC mains voltage and current. The following equa-
• Duty cycle of pink noise is 50%.
tion is used to calculate thermal dissipation:
• Duty cycle of highly compressed rock ‘n’ roll midrange is 40%.
• Duty cycle of rock ‘n’ roll is 30%.
• Duty cycle of background music is 20%.
Thermal
Dissipation =
(btu/hr) ( Total output power with all x Duty x .35
channels driven (watts) Cycle
Amplifier Efficiency (.65)
+ Draw (watts) )
Quiescent Power
x 3.415

• Duty cycle of continuous speech is 10%. The constant 0.35 is inefficiency (1.00–0.65) and the
factor 3.415 converts watts to btu/hr. Thermal dissipation in btu is
• Duty cycle of infrequent, short duration paging is 1%.
divided by the constant 3.968 to get kcal. If you plan to measure output
power under real-world conditions, the following equation may also be
helpful:

( )
Thermal Total measured output power x .35
from all channels (watts) Quiescent Power
Dissipation = + Draw (watts) x 3.415
(btu/hr) Amplifier Efficiency (.65)

Operation Manual page 29

 MA Series Power Amplifiers

9 AC Power Draw and

Thermal Dissipation

Figure 9.1 Macro-Tech 602

Power Draw, Current Draw
and Thermal Dissipation
at Various Duty Cycles

Figure 9.2 Macro-Tech 1202

Power Draw, Current Draw
and Thermal Dissipation at
Various Duty Cycles

Figure 9.3 Macro-Tech 2402

Power Draw, Current Draw
and Thermal Dissipation at
Various Duty Cycles

page 30 Operation Manual

MA Series Power Amplifiers

10 Service

Crown amplifiers are quality units that rarely require ser- 10.2.2 Factory Service 10.2.4 Packing Instructions 3. Reset center cushion down over top of product's
vicing. Before returning your unit for service, please con- Crown accepts no responsibility for non-serviceable Important: These instructions must be followed. If they chassis. The foam-in-place packing was molded to
tact Crown Technical Support to verify the need for product that is sent to us for factory repair. It is the are not followed, Crown Audio, Inc. assumes no respon- accommodate different chassis depth sizes. If your
servicing. owner’s responsibility to ensure that their product is ser- sibility for damaged goods and/or accessories that are product's chassis does not completely fill the foam-
viceable prior to sending it to the factory. Serviceable sent with your unit. in-place cavity, you may use a soft but solid packing
This unit has very sophisticated circuitry which should
product list is available at material (such as paper or bubble wrap) behind the
only be serviced by a fully trained technician. This is one
http://crownweb.crownintl.com/crownrma/. 1. Fill out and include the Crown Audio Factory Ser- chassis.
reason why each unit bears the following label:
For more information, please contact us direct. vice Information sheet in the back of this manual. 4. Enclose the completed Crown Audio Factory Service
CAUTION: To prevent electric shock, do not
A Service Return Authorization (SRA) is required for 2. Do not ship any accessories (manuals, cords, hard- Information form (or securely attach it to the outside
remove covers. No user serviceable parts
product being sent to the factory for repair. An SRA can ware, etc.) with your unit. These items are not of carton) and re-seal the shipping pack with a
inside. Refer servicing to a qualified technician.
be completed online at www.crownaudio.com/support/ needed to service your product. We will not be sturdy carton sealing tape.
Complete the Crown Audio Factory Service Information factserv.htm. If you do not have access to the web, please responsibility for these items.
form, in the back of this manual, when returning a Crown call Crown’s Customer Service at 574.294.8200 or 10.2.5 Estimate Approval
product to the factory or authorized service center. The 800.342.6939 extension 8205. 3. When shipping your Crown product, it is important Approval of estimate must be given within 90 days after
form must be included with your product inside the box that it has adequate protection. We recommend you being notified by Crown Audio Inc. Units still in the pos-
or in a packing slip envelope securely attached to the For warranty service, we will pay for ground shipping use the original pack material when returning the session of Crown after 90 days of the estimate will
outside of the shipping carton. Do not send this form both ways in the United States. Contact Crown Customer product for repair. If you do not have the original become the property of Crown Audio Inc.
separately. Service to obtain prepaid shipping labels prior to send- box, please call Crown at 800.342.6939 or
ing the unit. Or, if you prefer, you may prepay the cost of 574.294.8210 and order new pack material. See 10.2.6 Payment of Non-Warranty Repairs
10.1 International and Canada Service shipping, and Crown will reimburse you. Send copies of instructions for “foam-in-place” shipping pack. (Do Payment on out-of-warranty repairs must be received
Service may be obtained from an authorized service cen- the shipping receipts to Crown to receive reimbursement. not ship your unit in a wood or metal cabinet.) within 90 days of the repair date. Units unclaimed after
ter. (Contact your local Crown/Amcron representative or Your repaired unit will be returned via UPS ground.
Please contact us if other arrangements are required. 4. If you provide your own shipping pack, the mini- 90 days become the property of Crown Audio Inc.
our office for a list of authorized service centers.) To mum recommended requirements for materials are
obtain service, simply present the bill of sale as proof of as follows: If you have any questions, please contact Crown Factory
10.2.3 Factory Service Shipping Instruc-
purchase along with the defective unit to an authorized Service.
tions: a. 275 P.S.I. burst test, Double-Wall carton that allows
service center. They will handle the necessary paperwork
and repair. 1. Service Return Authorization (SRA) is required for for 2-inch solid Styrofoam on all six sides of unit or Crown Factory Service
product being sent to the factory for service. Please 3 inches of plastic bubble wrap on all six sides of 1718 W. Mishawaka Rd.,
Remember to transport your unit in the original factory complete the SRA by going to unit. Elkhart, Indiana 46517 U.S.A.
pack. www.crownaudio.com/support/factserv.htm. If you
do not have access to our website, call b. Securely seal the package with an adequate carton Telephone:
10.2 US Service 1.800.342.6939, extension 8205 and we'll create the sealing tape. 574.294.8200
Service may be obtained in one of two ways: from an SRA for you. 800.342.6939 (North America,
c. Do not use light boxes or “peanuts”. Damage caused
authorized service center or from the factory. You may Puerto Rico, and Virgin Islands only)
2. See packing instructions that follow. by poor packaging will not be covered under war-
choose either. It is important that you have your copy of ranty. Facsimile:
the bill of sale as your proof of purchase. 3. Ship product to: 574.294.8301 (Technical Support)
CROWN AUDIO FACTORY SERVICE Using your 'foam-in-place' shipping pack
574.294.8124 (Factory Service)
10.2.1 Service at a US Service Center 1718 W MISHAWKA RD. Note: The foam-in-place packing is molded so that there
This method usually saves the most time and effort. Sim- ELKHART, IN 46517 Internet:
is only one correct position for your product. http://www.crownaudio.com
ply present your bill of sale along with the defective unit
to an authorized service center to obtain service. They 4. Use a bold black marker and write the SRA number
on three sides of the box. 1. Open carton and lift center cushion leaving both
will handle the necessary paperwork and repair. Remem-
end-cushions in place.
ber to transport the unit in the original factory pack. A list 5. Record the SRA number for future reference. The
of authorized service centers in your area can be obtained SRA number can be used to check the repair status. 2. Carefully place your product with the product's front
from Crown Factory Service, or online from panel facing the same direction as arrows indicate.
http://www.crownaudio.com/support/servcent.htm.

Operation Manual page 31

 MA Series Power Amplifiers

11 Warranty
UNITED STATES & CANADA

SUMMARY OF WARRANTY est, insurance, closing costs, and other finance FROM ANY DEFECT IN THE NEW CROWN
charges less a reasonable depreciation on the PRODUCT. THIS INCLUDES ANY DAMAGE TO
Crown International, 1718 West Mishawaka ANOTHER PRODUCT OR PRODUCTS RESULT-
product from the date of original purchase. War-
Road, Elkhart, Indiana 46517-4095 U.S.A. war-

3
ranty work can only be performed at our autho- ING FROM SUCH A DEFECT. SOME STATES DO
rants to you, the ORIGINAL PURCHASER and NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATIONS
rized service centers or at the factory. Warranty
ANY SUBSEQUENT OWNER of each NEW Crown OF INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAM-
work for some products can only be performed at
AR product, for a period of three (3) years from the
YE our factory. We will remedy the defect and ship AGES, SO THE ABOVE LIMITATION OR EXCLU-
date of purchase by the original purchaser (the SION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.
the product from the service center or our factory
“warranty period”) that the new Crown product is
within a reasonable time after receipt of the defec-
free of defects in materials and workmanship. We WARRANTY ALTERATIONS
tive product at our authorized service center or
further warrant the new Crown product regardless
our factory. All expenses in remedying the defect, No person has the authority to enlarge, amend, or
of the reason for failure, except as excluded in
including surface shipping costs in the United modify this Crown Warranty. This Crown War-
this Warranty.
States, will be borne by us. (You must bear the ranty is not extended by the length of time which
ITEMS EXCLUDED FROM THIS expense of shipping the product between any for- you are deprived of the use of the new Crown
CROWN WARRANTY eign country and the port of entry in the United product. Repairs and replacement parts provided
States including the return shipment, and all under the terms of this Crown Warranty shall
This Crown Warranty is in effect only for failure of carry only the unexpired portion of this Crown
taxes, duties, and other customs fees for such
a new Crown product which occurred within the Warranty.
foreign shipments.)
Warranty Period. It does not cover any product
which has been damaged because of any inten- HOW TO OBTAIN WARRANTY DESIGN CHANGES
tional misuse, accident, negligence, or loss which SERVICE
We reserve the right to change the design of any
is covered under any of your insurance contracts.
You must notify us of your need for warranty ser- product from time to time without notice and with
This Crown Warranty also does not extend to the
vice within the warranty period. All components no obligation to make corresponding changes in
new Crown product if the serial number has been
must be shipped in a factory pack, which, if products previously manufactured.
defaced, altered, or removed.
needed, may be obtained from us free of charge.
LEGAL REMEDIES OF PURCHASER
WHAT THE WARRANTOR WILL DO Corrective action will be taken within a reason-
able time of the date of receipt of the defective THIS CROWN WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC
We will remedy any defect, regardless of the rea-
product by us or our authorized service center. If LEGAL RIGHTS, YOU MAY ALSO HAVE OTHER
son for failure (except as excluded), by repair,
the repairs made by us or our authorized service RIGHTS WHICH VARY FROM STATE TO STATE.
replacement, or refund. We may not elect refund
center are not satisfactory, notify us or our autho- No action to enforce this Crown Warranty shall be
unless you agree, or unless we are unable to pro-
rized service center immediately. commenced after expiration of the warranty
vide replacement, and repair is not practical or
period.
cannot be timely made. If a refund is elected, then DISCLAIMER OF CONSEQUENTIAL
you must make the defective or malfunctioning AND INCIDENTAL DAMAGES THIS STATEMENT OF WARRANTY SUPERSEDES
product available to us free and clear of all liens ANY OTHERS CONTAINED IN THIS MANUAL
YOU ARE NOT ENTITLED TO RECOVER FROM
or other encumbrances. The refund will be equal FOR CROWN PRODUCTS. 7/01
US ANY INCIDENTAL DAMAGES RESULTING
to the actual purchase price, not including inter-
SUMMARY OF WARRANTY
Crown International, 1718 West Mishawaka Road,
Elkhart, Indiana 46517-4095 U.S.A. warrants to
you, the ORIGINAL PURCHASER and ANY SUB-
SEQUENT OWNER of each NEW Crown1 product,
for a period of three (3) years from the date of
purchase by the original purchaser (the “warranty
period”) that the new Crown product is free of
defects in materials and workmanship, and we
further warrant the new Crown product regardless

page 32 Operation Manual

MA Series Power Amplifiers

11 Warranty
WORLDWIDE EXCEPT USA & CANADA

of the reason for failure, except as excluded in this ranty work can only be performed at our autho- modify this Crown Warranty. This Crown Warranty
Warranty. rized service centers. We will remedy the defect is not extended by the length of time which you are
and ship the product from the service center deprived of the use of the new Crown product.

3
1 Note: If your unit bears the name “Amcron,” please substitute it
for the name “Crown” in this warranty. within a reasonable time after receipt of the defec- Repairs and replacement parts provided under the
ITEMS EXCLUDED FROM THIS CROWN- tive product at our authorized service center. terms of this Crown Warranty shall carry only the
AR WARRANTY unexpired portion of this Crown Warranty.
YE HOW TO OBTAIN WARRANTY SERVICE
This Crown Warranty is in effect only for failure of You must notify your local Crown importer of DESIGN CHANGES
a new Crown product which occurred within the your need for warranty service within the warranty We reserve the right to change the design of any
Warranty Period. It does not cover any product period. All components must be shipped in the product from time to time without notice and with
which has been damaged because of any inten- original box. Corrective action will be taken within no obligation to make corresponding changes in
tional misuse, accident, negligence, or loss which a reasonable time of the date of receipt of the products previously manufactured.
is covered under any of your insurance contracts. defective product by our authorized service center.
This Crown Warranty also does not extend to the If the repairs made by our authorized service cen- LEGAL REMEDIES OF PURCHASER
new Crown product if the serial number has been ter are not satisfactory, notify our authorized ser- No action to enforce this Crown Warranty shall be
defaced, altered, or removed. vice center immediately. commenced after expiration of the warranty
period.
WHAT THE WARRANTOR WILL DO DISCLAIMER OF CONSEQUENTIAL AND
We will remedy any defect, regardless of the rea- INCIDENTAL DAMAGES THIS STATEMENT OF WARRANTY SUPERSEDES
son for failure (except as excluded), by repair, YOU ARE NOT ENTITLED TO RECOVER FROM ANY OTHERS CONTAINED IN THIS MANUAL FOR
replacement, or refund. We may not elect refund US ANY INCIDENTAL DAMAGES RESULTING CROWN PRODUCTS. 12/01
unless you agree, or unless we are unable to pro- FROM ANY DEFECT IN THE NEW CROWN
vide replacement, and repair is not practical or PRODUCT. THIS INCLUDES ANY DAMAGE TO
cannot be timely made. If a refund is elected, then ANOTHER PRODUCT OR PRODUCTS RESULT-
you must make the defective or malfunctioning ING FROM SUCH A DEFECT.
product available to us free and clear of all liens
or other encumbrances. The refund will be equal WARRANTY ALTERATIONS
to the actual purchase price, not including inter- No person has the authority to enlarge, amend, or
est, insurance, closing costs, and other finance
charges less a reasonable depreciation on the
product from the date of original purchase. War-

Operation Manual page 33

 MA Series Power Amplifiers

NOTES

page 34 Operation Manual

MA Series Power Amplifiers

Crown Audio Factory Service Information

Shipping Address: Crown Audio Factory Service, 1718 W. Mishawaka Rd., Elkhart, IN 46517

PLEASE PRINT CLEARLY

SRA #: __________________(If sending product to Crown factory service.) Model: ____________________________________________ Serial Number: _____________________ Purchase Date: _____________

PRODUCT RETURN INFORMATION

Individual or Business Name: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Phone #: __________________________________________________ Fax #: ________________________________________ E-Mail: _______________________________________________________

Street Address (please, no P.O. Boxes): _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

City: __________________________________________ State/Prov: ________________________________ Postal Code: _________________ Country: _________________________

Nature of problem: ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Other equipment in your system: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

If warranty is expired, please provide method of payment. Proof of purchase may be required to validate warranty.

PAYMENT OPTIONS
I have open account payment terms. Purchase order required. PO#: __________________________________ COD

Credit Card (Information below is required; however if you do not want to provide this information at this time, we will contact you when your unit is repaired for the information.)
Credit card information:

Type of credit card: MasterCard Visa American Express Discover

Type of credit card account: Personal/Consumer Business/Corporate

Card # ______________________________________________ Exp. date: _____________ * Card ID #: __________________________

* Card ID # is located on the back of the card following the credit card #, in the signature area. On American Express, it may be located on the front of the card. This number is required to process the charge to your account. If you do not want to provide
it at this time, we will call you to obtain this number when the repair of your unit is complete.

Name on credit card: ____________________________________________________________________________

Billing address of credit card: __________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

Operation Manual page 35