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iosrjournals.org/iosr-jmce/papers/vol13-issue5/Version-5/D1305052531.pdf
052531.pdf
 Design of Sewage Treatment Plant
I. Analytical and Numerical Model Solutions
Total Population
Designing for Future Purposes, after
Year Started
Target year
For future population
𝑃_𝑛=𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑃𝑜𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑥 𝑒^((𝑘(𝑌_2
−𝑌_1
Pn )" " =) 640 x 12.18
Pn = 7796.7961315586 People
Per Capita Day
Average Water Supply Per Day, A
A = Pn x Per Capita Day = 7796.79613155855 x 160 =

Average Sewage Generation Per Day, Asg

Asg = A x Percentage = 1.247487 x 0.8 =

Peak Factor
Design Flow Capacity, DFC
DFC = Asg x Peak Factor = 0.01155 x 3 =
II. Receiving Chamber/ Collection of Pit:
Retention Time Required
Design Flow Capacity, DFC
Capacity of Receiving Chamber, CRC
CRC = DFC x Retention Time = 60 x 0.03465 =
Assume Liquid of Depth, d
Area, Required for Chamber, Arc
Arc = CRC ÷ d = 2.079 ÷ 3 =
Decide if Rectangular or Circular
Circular 0.7 = LxB
Rectangular B = 1m
L = 2m
Volume Designed, Vd
Therefore:
Use L = 2 m x B = 1 m x d = 3 m + 0.5 (FB)
III. Design of Sewer Chamber
Design Flow Capacity, DFC
Assume the Velocity at Peak Wet Weather Flow, VPW
Assume the Velocity through Screen Peak at Flow, VSP
Inclination of Bars
Clear opening between bars, CB
Size

Assume width of Channel

The net area screen opening required, NA
 NA = DFC ÷ VPW = 0.03465 ÷ 0.6 =
Clear Area, CA
CA = NA ÷ (VSP x Sinx) = 0.05775 ÷ 3.356 =
Number of Opening
= CA ÷ CB = 0.01720683 ÷ 0.02 =
Note:
Use 0 with 10 mm width and 50 mm thick
Width of Chamber
= 1 x 0.02 + 1 x 10 =

Therefore:
Use B = 1 m x 0.5 + 0.5 (FreeBoard)
IV. Grit Chamber
Design Flow Capacity, DFC
Assume Average Detention Period, DP
Aerated Volume, AV
AV = DP x DFC = 0.035 x 180 =
Note: In order to drain the channel periodically for routine cleaning and maintenance
Therefore, Volume of One Aerated Chamber
= AV ÷ Chambers = 6.237 ÷ 2 =
Assume depth
Width to Depth Ratio
Width of Channel
Length of the Channel
Volume of Chamber 3.1185
L= =
(Assume Depth x Width of Channel) 3 x 6
Increase the length by about of percentage to acount for inlet and outlet
Provide Length
Therefore:
Use L = 7.2 m x W = 6 m x d = 3 m
V. Fine Screen
Design Flow Capacity, DFC
Assume the Velocity at Peak Wet Weather Flow, VPW
Area Required
DFC 0.03465
= = =
VPW 0.6
SWD Provided
Assume the Velocity through Screen Peak at Flow, VSP
Assuming the screen bars are placed at the degree to the horizontal
Clear Area
Area Required 0.05775
= = =
(VSP x Siny) 3.408 x 0.64278761
Clear opening

Net Clear width of Channel

Clear Area 0.02636239759
= = =
 = = =
Clear Opening 0.008
No. of Clear Openings
Clear Area 0.02636239759
= = =
Clear Opening 0.008
No. of Bars
Size of the Bars

Width of the Channel

= 3 x 8 + 4 x 10 =

Therefore
Use B = 1 m x 1 m (SWD) + 0.5 m (FB)
VI. Skimming Tank
Design Flow Capacity, DFC
The surface area required for the tank
0.00622 x q
A=
Vr
Where:
q = Rate of flow sewage in cubic meter/day
Vr = Minimum rising velocity of the oily material to be
Vr = 0.25 m/min, are used in most cases
Provide the depth of the skimming tank
The length breadth ration is 1.5:1
Therefore

Skimming Tank Designed

Use L = 0.3 m x B = 0.2 m x d = 3 m + 0.5 m (FB)
VII. Primary Sedimentation Tank
Average Sewage Generation Per Day, Asg
Surface Loading
Detention Period
Volume of Sewage
Provide Effective Depth
Surface Area, SA1
Surface Area, SA2
Therefore, Use greater area
Diameter of the tank
Primary Sedimentation tank designed
Use 2 m diameter x 3.5 m (depth) + 0.5 (FB)
VIII. Aeration tank
Average Sewage Generation Per Day, Asg
No. of Aeration tank
Average of flow of each tank
Asg 0.99798990484
= = =
 = = =
No. of Aeration Tank 2
BOD at inlet
(20% of BOD removed at Grit Chamber)

BOD at outlet
BOD removed in Activated Plant
Mionimum efficieny required in the activated plant

Since the adopted extend aeration process can remove

MLSS (Xi) =
F/M Ratio =
Volume the Tank required, V
Assume the Liquid depth of the tank
The width to depth ratio as

Volume Provided

Use L = 30 m; B = 10 m; d = 4.5 m
i. Check for Aeration Period/HRT
Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT)
HRT = V x 24/Average of flow of each tank
HRT = 64.9305165
Since it lies between 3-6 hrs hence,
ii. Check for Volumetric Loading, VL
VL = Average of flow of each tank x BOD at inlet / Volume tank Req
VL = 88.71 g/m^3
0.08871021 kg/m^3
Since it lies between 1-1.2
iii. Check for Return Sludge Ratio:
Returned Activated Sludge
Qr Xi
= 10^6
Q - Xi
SVI
Where:
SVI = Sludge Volume Index
Settled sludge volume x 1000
=
MLSS
Qr = Sludge Recirulation Rate
Assume the settled sludge volume
SVI = 115
Returned Activated Sludge

Therefore
Use L = 30 m x B = 10 m x d = 4.5 m + 0.5 (FB)
 IX. Secondary Sedimentation Tank
No. of Secondary Clarifier
Average Sewage Generation Per Day, Asg
Recirculate flow
Total Inflow
Provide Hydraulic Detention Period
Volume of tank
Assume Liquid Depth
Area
Surface loading rate at average flow

Use,
Diameter
i. Check for weir loading
Asg 998
= = =
Diamter 8
Weir loading should not exceed 150 m^3/day/m, Therefore
ii. Check for Solids loading
Total Solids in flow
Solid Loading
Total solids in flow 4580.4528
= = =
Area 36.3528
If it lies between 100-150 kg/m^2/day, Hence, it is
Therefore
Use 8 m diameter x 3.5 m depth + 0.5 m (FB)
Stabilization Tank
Total return flow
Detention Time
Provide depth
Volume of wet well
Area

X. Sludge Drying Beds

Total Solids in Sludge
Daily Solids
= Population Serving x Total solids in sludge = 7796.79613156 x
Dry solids loading of
Days in a year
Area of bed needed
Check for per capita area
Area 1536.74851753019
= = =
Population Serving 7796.79613155855
The recommend range is 0.175 to 0.25
Dimensions of bed
slope
No. of Beds
Area 1536.74851753019
= = =
width x Length 6 x 30
Number of Cycles
Assume that 2 months of rainy season in a year and 3 weeks for dying and one week for preparation and
repair of bed
( 12 - 2 ) x 4
= =
4
Specific Gravity
Assume percentage of solids
Depth of application sludge
Vsl x Days in a year
=
No. of Beds x Width x Length x Cycle
where, Vsl
Daily Solids 421.026991104162
= =
P x Specific Gravity x Slope 1000 x 1.025 x 0.07
5.86797200145 x 365
= =
9 x 6 x 30 x 10

Therefore
Use 9 beds of dimensions 6 m x 30 m
ant Plant De
lutions Component
640 persons Receiving Chamber
50 years Sewer Chamber
2020 Grit Chamber
2070 Fine Screen
Skimming Tank
Primary Clarifier
Aeration Tank
Secondary Clarifier
160 LPCD Sludge Drying Bed

1247487.381 LPCD
1.247487381 MLPD
80 % of Supplied Water
= 0.997989905 MLPD
0.01155 cumec
3 Peak Factor

0.03465 cumec
of Pit:
60 seconds
0.03465 cumec

2.079 Cubic Meter

3 m

0.693 Sq. m
Rectangular if Rectangular, L = 2B

6 cu.m

0.03465 cumec
0.6 m/s
3.408 m/s
Minimum for dry weather shall not less than 2fps or 0.6096 m/s . Ma
80 degree
velocity for peak wet weather flow should not exceed 10 fps or
0.02 m
10 mm x
50 mm
1.6 m/s
 0.05775 sq. m

0.017206833 sq.m

0.02002 m
1 m

0.03465 cumec
180 seconds

6.237 cubic meter

2 chambers

3.1185 cubic meter

3 m
2:1
6 m

=
0.17325 m
20 %
7.2 m

0.03465 cumec
0.6 m/s

0.05775 sq. m
0.5 m
3.408 m/s
40 degree

0.026362398 sq. m
8 m
0.008 mm
 3.295299699 m

3
3
50 mm
10 mm

0.064 m
1 m

0.03465 cumec

0.05172552 sq. m

2993.76 cubic meter per day

0.25 m/min
360 m/day
3 m

L= 1.5B
B= 0.2 m
L= 0.3 m

k
0.997989905 MLPD
80 m^3/m^2/day Table 12.1 Design Parameters for Settling Tanks
2 hours
21 cubic meter
3.5 m
6 m^2
12.47487381 m^2
12.47487381 m^2
2 m

0.997989905 MLPD
2
 498.9949524 m^3/day
0.8 x 300

Yo = 240
Ye = 20 mg/l
220 mg/l
0.916666667
91.66666667 %
85-92 % Ok!
MLSS (Xi) = 3000 mg/l Table 14.3
F/M Ratio = 0.4
91 m^3
4.5 m Usually range from from 3 to 4.5 m, based on wastewater engineerin
2.2
9.9 m
B= 10 m
L= 30 m
1350 m^3

Okay!

Okay!

345

0.526717557
53 %
nk
1
997.92 m^3/day
528.8976 m^3/day
1526.8176 m^3/day
2 hrs reference
127.2348 m^3
3.5 m
36.3528 m^2
25 m^3/m^2/day Table 12.1 Design Parameters for Settling Tanks
39.9168 m^2
39.9168
8 m

39.7059752 m^3/day/m
okay!

4580.4528 kg/day

126 kg/day/m^2
okay!

0.36729 m^3/day
15 mins
3 m
5.50935 m^3
1.83645 m^2
B= 1 m
L= 2 m

54 gm/PCD Table 16.1

54 = 421.0269911 kg/day
100 kg/m^2/year
365 days
1536.748518 m^2

0.1971 m^2
Okay!
W= 6 m Typical Sizes
L= 30 m
 0.5 %

9 beds

k for preparation and

10 cycles
1.025
7 %

=
0.07 5.867972001

0.13221048 m
13.22 cm
 Plant Details (SUMMARY)
Component Dimensions
ing Chamber Use L = 2 m x B = 1 m x d = 3 m + 0.5 (FB)
Use B = 1 m x 0.5 + 0.5 (FreeBoard)
Use L = 7.2 m x W = 6 m x d = 3 m
Use B = 1 m x 1 m (SWD) + 0.5 m (FB)
Use L = 0.3 m x B = 0.2 m x d = 3 m + 0.5 m (FB)
Use 2 m diameter x 3.5 m (depth) + 0.5 (FB)
Use L = 30 m x B = 10 m x d = 4.5 m + 0.5 (FB)
dary Clarifier Use 8 m diameter x 3.5 m depth + 0.5 m (FB)
Drying Bed Use 9 beds of dimensions 6 m x 30 m

than 2fps or 0.6096 m/s . Maximum design

should not exceed 10 fps or 3.048 m/s
ed on wastewater engineering book, page 416, "Aeraton Tank Design Consideration"