FOUNDATIONS OF MANAGEMENT

I Unit
Introduction: Definition, nature, scope, importance, Functions of management and manager,
Managerial roles and skills. Evolution of management thought and Management thinkers:
Classical Approach, Neo Classical Approach, Quantitative approach, Behavioral approach,
Systems approach, Contingency approach. Contributions of F.W.Taylor, Henry Fayol, Mary
Parker Follet, Chester Bernard, Max Weber, Peter, F. Drucker, Gilbreths, Henry Gantt,
Abraham Maslow, Herzberg and McGregor.
Unit II
Planning: Importance, types of plans, and process of planning, business forecasting, MBO:
Concept, importance, process, benefits and limitations. Strategic management: Nature,
importance, purpose, types, process and major kinds of strategies, McKinsey's 7-S Approach.
Decision-Making: Importance, types, steps and approaches, Decision Making in various
conditions, Decision tree.

Unit III
Organizing: Concept and process of organizing, Formal Vs Informal organization, And
Organizational structure: Types of Organizational structure, Bases of Departmentalization.
Line &Staff: concept, line-staff conflict. Authority &Power: concept, responsibility and
accountability. Delegation: concept, importance, factors affecting delegation, effective
delegation, Span of Management, Decentralization and centralization, Staffing, importance
and process. Coordination: Concept, importance, difficulties and techniques to ensure
effective coordination.

Unit IV
Control: Concept, importance, characteristics, process of control, types and techniques of
control. Comparative study: Japanese Management and Z-culture of American Companies,
Chinese Style Management, Modern management techniques: an overview of various latest
techniques: Business process Re-engineering, Business outsourcing, knowledge management,
E-Business Management. Note: Relevant Case Studies should be discussed in class.
 MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS
Unit-I
Introduction to Managerial Economics: Managerial Economics: Meaning, Nature, Scope &
Relationship with other disciplines, Role of managerial economics in decision Making,
Opportunity Cost Principle, Production Possibility Curve, Incremental Concept, Scarcity
Concept. Demand: Demand and its Determination: Demand function; Determinants of
demand; Demand elasticity – Price, Income and cross elasticity, Use of elasticity for
analyzing demand, Demand estimation. Demand forecasting, Demand forecasting of new
product. Indifference Curve Analysis: Meaning, Assumptions, Properties, Consumer
Equilibrium, Importance of Indifference Analysis, Limitations of Indifference Theory.

Unit-II
Production Function : Production function Meaning, Concept of productivity and
technology, Short Run and long run production function, Isoquants; Least cost combination
of inputs, Producer’s equilibrium; Returns to scale; Estimation of production function.
Theory of Cost: Cost Concepts and Determinants of cost, short run and long run cost theory,
Modern Theory of Cost, Relationship between cost and production function. Revenue Curve:
Concept of Revenue, Different Types of Revenues, concept and shapes of Total Revenue
,Average revenue and marginal revenue, Relationship between Total Revenue ,Average
revenue and marginal revenue, Elasticity of Demand and Revenue relation.

Unit-III
Market Structure: Market Structure: Meaning, Assumptions and Equilibrium of Perfect
Competition, Monopoly, Monopolistic Competition, Oligopoly: Price and output
determination under collusive oligopoly, Price and output determination under non-collusive
oligopoly, Price leadership model. Supply: Introduction to supply and supply curves. Pricing:
Pricing practices; Commodity Pricing: Economics of advertisement costs; Types of pricing
practices. Factor Pricing: Demand and supply of factors of production; Collective bargaining,
Concept of rent, profit, interest- Rate of return and interest rates; Real vs. Nominal interest
rates. Basic capital theory–Interest rate and return on capital, Measurement of profit.

Unit-IV
Product market: Saving and Investment function, Consumption function, Aggregate supply
and Aggregate demand, Investment multiplier, Foreign trade and budget multiplier. Money
market: Motive for holding money; Liquidity preference, Money demand, Money market
equilibrium. IS-LM Analysis: Derivation of nominal IS-LM and equilibrium. National
Income: Conceptual Framework, Measures of National Income, Methods of Measurement,
Limitations of National Income. Consumption Function: Meaning, and Nature, Determinants
and Measures to Raise Propensity to Consume. Keynes Psychological Law of Consumption -
Meaning, Properties and Implications, Inflation: Meaning, Types, Theories, Causes, Effects
and Control, Unemployment Trade off, Trade Cycles: Concept and Theories of trade cycles.
 QUANTITAIVE TECHNIQUES
Unit I
Introduction to Statistics: Meaning, Definition in singular and plural sense, Features of
statistics, Importance, Functions, Scope and Limitations of Statistics. Measures of Central
Tendency: Mathematical averages including arithmetic mean, geometric mean and harmonic
mean, properties and applications. Positional Averages: Mode and median (and other
partition values including quartiles, deciles and percentile. Graphic presentation of measures
of central tendency. Measures of Variation: Absolute and relative measures. Range, quartile
deviation, mean deviation, standard deviation and their coefficients. Properties of Standard
Deviation and Variance. Moments Concept, calculation and Significance. Skewness:
Meaning, Measurement using Karl Pearson and Bowley Measures. Concept of Kurtosis.

Unit II
Simple Correlation Analysis: Meaning of Correlation: Simple ,multiple and partial, linear and
non linear correlation, correlation and causation ,scatter diagram,pearson’s correlation
coefficient, calculation and properties of coefficient,Rark Correlation. Simple Regression
Analysis: Meaning of Regression, Principle of least square and regression analysis,
Calculation of regression coefficient, properties of regression coefficient, Relationship
between correlation and regression coefficient. Theory of Probability: Meaning of Probility,
Approaches to the calculation of probabability.calculation of event probabbilities, Addition
and Multiplication Laws of Probabbility (Proof not required), Conditional Probability and
Bayes’ Theorem (Proof not required).

Unit III
Probabability Distribution: Binomial Distribution, Poission Distribution and Normal
Distribution with their properties ad applications. Linear Programming; Formulation of
linear programming problems. Solution by Graphic method and by using Simplex method
algorithm including Big-M method. Business applications of LP. Degeneracy. Duality. Post-
optimality analysis. Game Theory: Two-person zero-sum games. Games of pure strategies
and Games of mixed strategies. Rule of dominance. Graphic solution to games. Business
applications.

Unit IV
Transportation: Transportation problem: Initial feasible solution using North-west Corner
Rule; Least Cost Method; and Vogel’s Approximation Method. Testing optimality using
MODI method. Assignment Problems: Assignment problem: Solution using Hungarian
Assignment Method. Project Scheduling: PERT/CPM: Project networks. Scheduling of
projects with known activity times – Critical path and scheduling of activities.
 ACCOUNTING FOR MANAGEMENT AND REPORTING
Unit I
Introduction to Accounting: Accounting as an information system, Accounting Process,
concepts, convention and principles of Accounting, Role of accountant in an organization.
Branches of accounting: Financial, Cost and Management Accounting and their
interrelationships, Exposure to format of schedule VI of Public Limited, Banking and
Insurance Companies.

Unit II
Cost Accounting: Meaning, Objectives, Scope and Classification of costs, Preparation of Cost
Sheet. Marginal Costing –Concept of Marginal Cost; Marginal Costing Vs Absorption
Costing; Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis; Break-Even Analysis; Assumptions and its practical
applications for managerial Decision making with special reference to pricing, make or buy
decisions, selection of Sales-Mix. Standard Costing: Introduction, Variance Analysis, types
of Variances-Materials and Labor Variances. Budgetary Control- Types of Budgets Master
budget Zero base budgeting, Fixed Budget and Flexible Budgets, Zero Base Budget,
Participative Budget and Performance Budget.

Unit III
Financial Statement Analysis: Concepts and objectives, Tools of Financial Analysis: trend
analysis, common size statements, comparative statements, Ratio analysis-Liquidity,
solvency, profitability, turnover ratios, Cash flow statements and funds flow statements.

Unit IV
Recent Developments in Accounting: Introduction to concept of Price Level Accounting,
Human Resource Accounting, Transfer Pricing. Target Costing, Kaizen costing, Activity
based costing, Life Cycle Costing. Financial Reporting and Regulations: Meaning, objectives,
principles and environment of financial reporting; Introduction to Accounting Standards
issued by ICAI, US GAAPs, International Accounting Standards, IFRS, Applicability of
various accounting standards, comparison and the process of harmonization.
 BUSINESS ENVIRONEMENT AND INDIAN ECONOMY
UNIT I
Business Environment: Meaning, Types: Internal Environment; External Environment; Micro
and Macro Environment, Components of Business Environment. Political Environment:
Three political institutions: Legislature, Executive and Judiciary, Fundamental rights,
Directive Principles, Rationale and extent of state intervention. Economic Environment:
Concept, features of various economic systems, New Industrial policy and industrial
licensing, new economic policies, aspects of economic reforms and their effects on business
and emerging economies. Effect of recession on Business and remedies for that, Economic
Planning in India: Objectives, Strategies and Evaluation of current five year plan, Monetary
and Fiscal Policy.

UNIT II
Legal Environment: Company Regulatory Legislations in India, FEMA, EXIM policy,
Competition Law, Right to Information Act 2005. Public Sector in India: Concepts,
Philosophy and Objectives, Performance, Problems and Constraints. Disinvestment and
Privatization, Joint sector and Cooperative sector in India, Deficit Financing and its
implications for the Indian Economy; Analysis of current year Annual Budget.
Consumerism: Role of Consumer Groups with Special Reference to India; Consumer
Protection Act, 1986 with Latest Amendments. Ecological Environment: Concepts of Green
Management, Global Warming, Carbon Foot Printing, The Environment Protection Act 1986.

UNIT III
Technological Environment: Impact of Technology on Business, Technological Policy,
Intellectual Property Rights, Import of Technology, Appropriate Technology, Problems in
Technology Transfer. International Environment: Emergence of Globalization, Control of
Foreign Direct Investment, Benefits and Problems from MNCs. WTO, its role and functions,
Implications for India. Trading Blocks, Foreign Trade: SEZ (Special Economic Zones), EPZ
(Export processing zone), EOU (Export Oriented Units), Dumping and Anti-Dumping
measures. Introduction to Indian Economy: Colonialism and Development of Indian
Economy, Framework of Indian Economy, Demographic Features and Indicators of
Economic Growth and Development, Rural-Urban Migration and issues related to
Urbanization, Poverty debate and Inequality, Nature, Policy and Implications.

Unit IV
Unemployment-Nature, Central and State Government’s policies, policy implications,
Employment trends in Organized and Unorganized Sector Development Strategies in India:
Agricultural- Pricing, Marketing and Financing of Primary Sector, Changing structure of
India’s Foreign Trade. The Economic Policy and Infrastructure Development: Energy and
Transport, Social Infrastructure- Education, Health and Gender related issues, Social
Inclusion, Issues and policies in Financing Infrastructure Development.
 BUSINESS ETHICS AND CORPORATE SOCIAL
RESPONSIBILITY
Unit I
Business Ethics: Characteristics, Principles, Types, Importance, Factors highlighting the
importance of Business Ethics, Myths about Business Ethics. Ethical Values, Theories of
Ethics, Absolutism verses Relativism, Teleological approach, the Deontological approach,
Kohlberg’s six stages of moral development (CMD), Code of Ethics. Business Ethics and
Social Responsibilities of the firm - relationship of the firms with customers, competitors,
stockholders, dealers and suppliers. Ethics v/s Ethos, Indian v/s Western Management,
Globalization and Business Ethics. Emerging issues of Business Ethics.

Unit II
Ethical Dilemma; Characteristics, ethical decision making, ethical reasoning, the dilemma
resolution process. Ethical Considerations in Marketing, Ethics in Accounting and Finance,
Ethical Implications at Top Level. Ethical considerations in Human Resource Management,
Environmental Ethics. Note: Relevant Case Studies regarding ethical issues in Marketing,
HRM, Accounting and Finance and Environment Management should be discussed in the
class.

Unit III
Corporate Social Responsibility: Concept, Definition, Need, Arguments in favour of and
against CSR. Historical Phases of Corporate Social Responsibility, Perspectives of CSR.
Models of CSR, Drivers of CSR, Corporate Governance, Business Ethics and CSR.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Sustainability: Meaning, Need and importance
of Sustainability, Sustainability Case Studies-Triple Bottom Line (TBL). Corporate
Sustainability Reporting Frameworks-Global Reporting Initiative Guidelines, National
Voluntary Guidelines on Social, Environmental and Economic Responsibilities of Business.

Unit IV
Corporate Social Responsibility within the organisation,CSR and Society, Strategic Planning
and CSR, Environmental Aspects of CSR, CSR under the Companies Act,2013, CSR
Practices in India, Case Studies of Major CSR Initiatives. Corporate
Governance:Introduction,Need,Models
 BUSINESS COMMUNICATION FOR MANAGERIAL
EFFECTIVENESS
UNIT - 1
Understanding the Foundations of Business Communication: Business Communication
concept, Communication Models, Communication Process, Characteristics of effective
business communication, Barriers in communication environment, Communication and
Ethics, Cross Cultural Communication; Guidelines for successful collaborative writing,
Social networking technologies in business communication, Importance of listening, business
etiquette & nonverbal Communication

UNIT - II
The Three-Step Writing Process: Importance of analyzing the situation before writing a
message, Information-gathering options, Information organization, Writing Business
Communication: Adapting to your audience, Crafting brief messages, Crafting messages for
electronic media, Writing routine and positive messages, Writing negative messages;
Planning, Writing, and Completing Reports and Proposal and Emails.

UNIT – III
Designing and Delivering Oral and Online Presentations: Developing oral and online
presentations, Enhancing presentations with slides and other visual aids, Just-A-Minute
Presentation, Individual/Group Presentations, Feedback and overcoming Glossophobia,
Group discussion.

UNIT - IV
Writing Employment Messages and Interviewing for Jobs: Employment strategy, planning,
writing and completing your resume, Applying and Interviewing for Employment:
Understanding, preparing and follow-up, Role Play and Simulation games – Employer -
employee and Interviewer – interviewee relationship.