CONFIDENTIAL CS/TEST 1/NOV2020/CSC583

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

TEST 1

COURSE : ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ALGORITHMS

COURSE CODE : CSC583

SEMESTER : OCT 2020 – FEB 2021

TIME : 2 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

1. This question paper consists of FOUR (4) questions.

2. Answer all questions.

Name : MUHAMMAD LUQMAN HASIF BIN SUFIAN

Student No : 2019423306 ..
Group : A4CS2303A ..
Lecturer’s Name : SHAHIRAH BINTI MOHAMED HATIM
..

For Examiner’s Used

Only
1

Total

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SELF DECLARATION
1. I know that plagiarism is wrong. Plagiarism is to use another’s work and pretend that it is one’s own.
2. This assignment/project/test/quiz/final assessment is my own work.
3. I have not involved, and will not allow, anyone to copy my work with the intention of passing it off as
their own work.
4. I acknowledge that copying someone else’s work (or part of it) is wrong and declare that my
assignment/project/test/quiz/final assessment is my own work.

I hereby declare as stated

QUESTION 1

a) Consider the following statement:

“Artificial Intelligence is a science that has defined its goal as making machines do
things that would require intelligence if done by humans.”

i) Define Artificial Intelligence (AI).

(2 marks)
Artificial intelligence is an area of computer science that create a
machine with ability to work, react like a human, making decision
and solving problem.

ii) Discuss on the brief history of AI.

(2 marks)
AI started to be created in 1950 by
scientist from conducting Turing Test.

iii) Discuss THREE (3) advantages of Artificial Intelligence.

(3 marks)
a) AI can help to ease human’s workload.
b) AI can be use in most sectors such as engineering .
c) AI can reduce human’s mistakes during working.

iv) Discuss THREE (3) state-of-the-art in the Artificial Intelligence.

a) Artificial Intelligence (AI) have been widely used in medical industry to PathAI.
b) AI is used to store medical datasets.
c) AI helps doctor to diagnose more easily and accurate.

(3 marks)

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b) Turing Test is a test of a machine’s ability to demonstrate intelligence.

i) Explain the TWO (2) phases of the Turing Imitation game based on the above
figures.

The left picture shows a woman and a man trying to prove that they ar a woman. The
interrogator will determine which is the real woman by asking some questions. In the next
picture, there is a woman and a machine. The machine and the woman will try to prove that
they are a woman. The interrogator will determine which is the real woman. If the machine
successfully fools the interrogator then the machine pass the Turing Test.
(4 marks)

ii) Human level performance can be achieved in certain cognitive tasks by the Turing
Test. Discuss TWO (2) examples of the cognitive tasks.

Machine learning and automated reasoning.

(4 marks)

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QUESTION 2

a) Figure below illustrates the Expert System Development Team.

a) Explain who are A and B, what are their roles are and how they support each other in Expert
System development process?

A is domain expert which is knowledgeable and expert in problem solving in specific area
person and B is knowledge engineer which is a person that is an expert in designing and
building program into the program system that use AI.
(4 marks)
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b) Draw a simple structure of a Rule-Based Expert System. Please ensure important
components are drawn properly

(4 marks)
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c) Given these facts in working memory initially (database):

the animal gives milk

the animal chews its cud
the animal has long legs
the animal has a long neck

and given the following information in the Rule-Based Expert System:

R1 IF the animal has hair

THEN it is a mammal
R2 IF the animal gives milk
THEN it is a mammal
R3 IF the animal has
THEN feathers it is a bird
R4 IF the animal flies
the animal lays eggs
THEN it is a bird

R5 IF the animal is a mammal

the animal eats meat
THEN it is a carnivore

R6 IF the animal is a mammal

the animal has pointed teeth
the animal has claws
the animal's eyes point forward
THEN it is a carnivore

R7 IF the animal is a mammal

the animal has hooves
THEN it is an ungulate
R8 IF the animal is a mammal
the animal chews cud
THEN it is an ungulate AND
it is even-toed

R9 IF the animal is a carnivore

the animal has a tawny colour
the animal has dark spots
THEN it is a cheetah

R10 IF the animal is a carnivore

the animal has a tawny colour
the animal has black stripes
THEN it is a tiger
R11 IF the animal is an ungulate
the animal has long legs
the animal has a long neck
THEN
it is a giraffe
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R12 IF the animal is an ungulate
the animal has a white colour
the animal has black stripes
THEN it is a zebra

R13 IF the animal is a bird

the animal does not fly
the animal has long legs
the animal has a long neck
the animal is black and white
THEN it is an ostrich

R14 IF the animal is a bird

the animal does not fly
the animal swims
the animal is black and white
THEN it is a penguin

R15 IF the animal is a bird

the animal is a good flier
THEN it is an albatross

Establish the animal is a giraffe by using a forward chaining technique that based on the rules. Draw a
simple forward chaining diagram to illustrate the relationships between the rules involved. Determine
the goal, number of rules fired and new facts.
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(10 marks)
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QUESTION 3 0

a) What is Fuzzy Logic? Differentiate it with the Boolean Logic.

Fuzzy logic is a set of mathematical principles for knowledge representation based on degrees of
membership. Fuzzy logic can be partly true and partly false at the same time while Boolean logic is
either true or false value.
(4 marks)

b) Discuss a simple application that implements Fuzzy Logic.

Sets of tall men where men’s height is measured and recorded. Next, calculate the degree of
membership from the data. Lastly, a graph is plotted where y-axis represents height while x-axis
represents degree of membership.

(4 marks)
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QUESTION 4 1

a) Explain Artificial Neural Network.

ANN is a model of reasoning based on human’s brain where it consists of neurons.

(2 marks)

b) Discuss the difference between ANN and deep learning. You may use diagram to illustrate
your answer.

ANN can learn and make decisions almost like humans while deep learning learn and make
decisions based on data.

(4 marks)

c) Consider the following diagram:

The node has three inputs, X = ( X1, X2, X3 ) that receive only binary signals (either 0 or 1) and
the corresponding weights to the three inputs are:

W1 = 3
W2 = -5
W3 = 1

And the activation function information given as:

Calculate the output value ( Y ) for each of the following input patterns:

Pattern P1 P2 P3 P4
X1 0 0 1 0
X2 1 1 1 0
X3 0 1 0 1
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2
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3

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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