D.T.P.

for Publications
 Syllabus
UNIT–I
D.T.P for Publications: Introductions to Printing, Types of Printing, Offset Printing, Transparent
Printout, Use of Desk Top Publishing in Publications, Importance of D.T.P in Publication,
Advantage of D.T.P in Publication, Laser printers – Uses, Types and Advantage in publication.
UNIT–II
Introductions to Page Maker: Different page format / Layouts, News paper page format, Page
orientations, Columns & Gutters, Printing in reduced sizes. PageMaker Icon and help, Tool Box,
Styles, Menus etc., Different screen Views, Importing text/Pictures, Auto Flow, Columns.
Master Pages and Story Editor, Menu Commands and short-cut commands, Spell check, Find &
Replace, Import Export etc., Fonts, Points Sizes, Spacing etc., Installing Printers, Scaling
(Percentages).Use of D.T.P. in Advertisements, Books & Magazines, News Paper.
 Syllabus
UNIT – III Introduction to CorelDraw
Introduction to CorelDraw Use and importance in Designing, Introduction to Screen and Work
Area .Introduction to Tools of CorelDraw, Managing Palettes ,Working with Images, Patterns and
Textures ,Working with Shapes, Colours and Fills, Image Editing.
Page Setup and Designing, Using Styles and Templates, Working with Text, Formatting Text, Text
Attributes. Designing Different Page Layouts, Column Layout, Working with Layers. Special Effect
to Objects and Texts, Contour Tool, Layout for News Paper and Magazines. Preparation of
Visiting Cards & Invitation Cards, Logo Design and Brochure design.
UNIT- IV Introduction of PhotoShop
Introduction to Adobe Photoshop & Documents, Various Graphic Files and Extensions, Various
Colour Modes and Models. Introduction to Screen and Work Area, Photoshop Tools & Palettes ,
Using Brushes , Rubber Stamp Options , Using the Editing Tool ,The Smudge Tool, Selection Tools
,Use of Layers , Applying Filters ,Working with Images
Colors
The human eye can detect millions of colors.
No instrument or device invented can
reproduce all of the colors the eye can see.
A computer monitor can display only a small
percentage of these colors, and a printing
press can reproduce fewer colors still.
Introduction to Printing
Printing is a process for production of texts and images, typically
with ink on paper using a printing press.
The art and science of making a large number of duplicate
reproductions of an original copy is termed as printing.
History of Printing- Woodblock Printing
Woodblock printing known as
xylography today, was the first method
of printing applied to a paper medium.
Early Chinese printing technique
included block printing.
First the text was written out on paper.
Then that paper was placed face down
on a wood block. The impression on the
block was used to carve out the text.
History of Printing- Movable Type Printing
Movable-type using clay was invented in the Northern Song
dynasty around the year 1041 by Bi Sheng.
Metal movable type appeared in the late Song and Yuan. Bronze
movable types were used to print banknotes and official
documents.
Oldest book to be printed by movable metal type: JIKJI
Usage of movable type in China never exceeded 10 percent of
all printed materials while 90 percent of printed books used the
older woodblock technology.
The metal type pieces were more durable and the lettering was
more uniform, leading to typography and fonts.
In some places of China, movable type printing is still being
used.
Johann Gutenberg, of the German city of
Mainz, developed European printing
technology in 1440, with which the classical
age of printing began…
History of Printing- Flat bed Printing Press
A printing press is a mechanical device for applying pressure to an inked
surface resting upon a medium (such as paper or cloth), thereby
transferring an image.
Flatbed press, printing press employing a flat surface for the type or
plates against which paper is pressed, either by another flat surface acting
reciprocally against it or by a cylinder rolling over it.
The systems involved were first assembled in Germany by Johannes
Gutenberg in the mid-15th century.
Printing methods based on Gutenberg's printing press spread rapidly
throughout first Europe and then the rest of the world.
Friedrich Koenig steam powered press, 1814
History of Printing- Lithography
Lithography is a method for printing on a smooth surface.
Lithography is a printing process that uses chemical
processes to create an image.
Most books, indeed all types of high-volume text, are now
printed using offset lithography.
Offset Lithography becomes common.
◦ more affordable and cost effective print job for your color
printing requirements.
◦ What printers usually do is to offset the ink (thus, the name)
from metal plates to a rubber cylinder and then transfer it onto
the paper stock.
1904- The first comic book is published
History of Printing
Photocopier- 1960s
Dot matrix printer- 1968
Inkjet Printer
Laser Printer- 1969
3D printing…

Laser printers use fine ink powder and heat the powder on the paper. Inkjet
printers spray liquid ink on paper through microscopic nozzles. Dot Matrix works
having pins pushed against an ink soaked ribbon to paper.
Do you know?
It was a Britisher who started the first newspaper in our country. On January 29, 1780
James Augustus Hickey launched the “Bengal Gazette”.
The first language newspaper in India was started in Kannada language, the “Kannada
Samachar”.
“The Times of India” (1861) was started as a paper supporting the British.
“The Hindustan Times” was started later, in 1923.
There are 41 such newspapers in the country that have crossed 100 years of
publication and are still in circulation. They are called centenarian newspapers. Among
English dailies, four have crossed this mark: The Times of India, The Hindu, The Tribune
and The Statesman.
Printing Processes
There are a wide variety of technologies that are used to print stuff. The main
industrial printing processes are:
Offset lithography
Flexography
Digital printing: inkjet & xerography
Gravure
Screen printing
Offset Lithography
In offset lithography a printing plate, which is most
often made from aluminum, contains an image of
the content that needs to be printed.
When the plate is inked, only this image part holds
ink.
The inked image is subsequently transferred (or
offset) from the plate to a rubber blanket and then
to the printing surface.
The process can be used to print on paper,
cardboard, plastic or other materials, but these have
to have a flat surface.
For higher volume work offset presses use rolls of
paper.
Offset Lithography
Offset is nowadays the most widely used printing technique for an extensive
range of products such as books, newspapers, stationery, corrugated board,
posters, etc.
Flexography
In flexography the content that needs to be printed is
on a relief of a printing plate, which is made from
rubber.
This plate is inked and that inked image is
subsequently transferred to the printing surface.
The process can be used to print on paper as well as
plastics, metals, cellophane and other materials.
The inks used in flexography dry quickly by
evaporation and are safe for use on wrappers that
come directly in contact with foods.
Flexo is mainly used for packaging and labels and to a
lesser extent also for newspapers.
 Digital Printing
Digital printing can be done in various ways. Two technologies dominate the industry:
Inkjet
In an inkjet printer the image that needs to be printed is created by small droplets of ink that are
propelled from the nozzles of one or more print heads.
Inkjet devices can print on a wide range of substrates such as paper, plastic, canvas or even doors and
floor tiles.
Inkjet printing is used a lot for posters and signage. It is also economical for short run publications such
as photo books or small runs of books.
 Digital Printing
Xerography
In xerographic printers, such as laser printers, the image
that needs to be printed is formed by selectively applying a
charge to a metal cylinder called a drum.
The electrical charge is used to attract toner particles. These
particles are transferred to the media that is being printed
on.
Laser printers are not only used in offices but also for small
run printing of books, brochures and other types of
document. These printers are also used for transactional
printing (bills, bank documents, etc) and direct mail.
Digital printing is increasingly utilized for print jobs that
were previously printing using offset, flexo or screen
printing.
 Gravure
Also known as rotogravure, this is a technique in which an image is engraved into
a printing cylinder.
That cylinder is inked and this ink subsequently transfers to the paper.
Gravure is used for high volume work such as newspapers, magazines, and
packaging.
Gravure is gradually losing market share to offset for publication printing and to
flexo for packaging applications.
Screen printing
As its name implies, this printing technique
relies on a screen, which is a woven piece of
fabric.
The advantage of screen printing is that the
surface of the recipient does not have to be
flat and that the ink can adhere to a wide
range of materials, such as paper, textiles,
glass, ceramics, wood, and metal.
Desktop Publishing
Desktop Publishing (DTP) is the creation of electronic forms of information such as
documents, presentations, brochures, books, or even website content using computer
programs.
With the explosive growth of smartphones and mobile PCs, the way people consume
information has changed dramatically over the last decade.
Modern DTP software enables output that caters dynamically to all screen sizes,
without the need to republish the same for each device or form factor.
Desktop publishing enhances visual communication and streamlines the process of
disseminating information of all kinds.
Desktop publishing enhances communication by making it possible to efficiently
produce printed and electronic—online or onscreen—documents, without the expertise
and expensive equipment that was once required.
Desktop Publishing
The main function of DTP is to produce a document on a desktop,
that is, in a minimum space environment as compared to the
conventional publishing.
The concept of DTP originated from a convergence of advances in
the computer, information and printing technologies.
What is Desktop Publishing?
Desktop publishing (DTP) is the process of combining and assembling text and
graphic images electronically on a computer screen to output professional-
looking publications such as flyers, newsletters, brochures, business forms,
books and magazines.
Desktop Publishing is available to everyone
Before the mid-1980s, only trained graphic designers and high-end
commercial printers and service bureaus produced the printed products
available to the public.
That changed with the introduction of Aldus Pagemaker, the Mac computer
and a Postscript printer in 1984 and 1985.
The combination of affordable software and desktop computers enticed
people who had never before been able to create their own publications.
Desktop publishing software allows the user to rearrange text and graphics on
screen, change typefaces and resize graphics on the fly.
Desktop Publishing Workflow
The following steps describes a "typical" desktop publishing work flow:
The document text is typed into a computer.
The final document text is proofread and corrected as needed.
Graphics, if any, are assembled from computer software programs or existing graphics
are electronically scanned into the desktop system computer for processing.
The typesetting and layout of the document text and graphics are done electronically.
A camera-ready copy of the document is produced on the desktop system's printer.
The camera-ready copy is proofread, and corrections, if needed, are made
electronically.
Traditional printing processes are used to produce multiple copies of the publication.
Components of DTP System
Any DTP system is a combination of both hardware and software components.
The requirement of hardware and software varies depending upon the nature
of the document to be published.
Factors to be considered while going for a DTP system include:
◦ total volume of work
◦ page size
◦ graphics
◦ cost.
Types of Printers
Impact Printers
Non-Impact Printers
Evaluating Printers
There are four criteria for evaluating printers:
Image quality
Speed
Initial cost
Cost of operation
DTP Printers
Desktop publishing (DTP) relies on two primary hardware
components:
a computer, supplemented by various input devices including scanners and
cameras
a printer that can produce high quality typographical and pictorial output.
The key technological feature of a DTP printer is high resolution.
DTP printers use laser and ink-jet technologies and rely on marking
techniques that organize the entire page into a very fine-grained
matrix.
DTP Printers
Laser printers have revolutionized the publishing world by providing near
typeset quality of the output.
Introduction of laser printers with personal computers (PCs) in the 1980s
enabled good quality printed matter at cheaper rates and in a lesser time.
It allows the production of all types of documents including figures and
graphs, in whatever format one wants.
The speed of laser printers has increased tremendously from past years.
But, if the pages contain graphics, the speed comes down further.
Laser Printers
LASER stands for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.
Laser printers uses electrostatic printing process.
Laser printers are used to produce high quality images and graphics.
It utilizes a laser beam to produce an image on drum.
It uses heat and pressure to bond particles of toner to paper.
Laser printers provide resolutions from 300 – 1200 dpi and higher.
Laser printers produce higher-quality print than ink jet printers, but are more
expensive.
How Laser Printers Work?
DTP Software
The software used in DTP should be flexible, user-friendly and easy to use.
An ideal DTP software should combine most of the facilities of a word
processor with those of a good graphics program.
True DTP software includes WYSIWYG (what you see Is what you get) display,
the ability to mix text with graphics (both colour, and black and white), and
better control of page layout with-typographical capabilities.
The final layout of the pages on the screen should resemble the printed page.
An ideal DTP program should have compatibility with all dot matrix and laser
printers.
The program should also contain decorative features such as outlines, borders,
geometric shapes, spraying with airbrush, etc. which can be added as and when
needed.
Advantages of Desktop Publishing
 Enhanced appearance with page layouts
Easy customization for any type of document
Reduced production time and costs
Improved readability
Increased control over design
Advantages of Desktop Publishing explained..
A page layout refers to the process of arranging or re-arranging text/graphics on a page. A customer should
read your content and then take the next step of buying your products/services. With the help of DTP, you
can improve the page layout and create an effective design by balancing the contrast, space and colors that
would grab the attention of your customers. An enhanced appearance with an attractive page layout on
your sales brochure, booklet or flyer is sure to bring about an increase in sales.
DTP can revolutionize the way in which your customers, suppliers, investors and employees think about your
company. Through desktop publishing, you can improve and customize any type of document that you want
to target towards a specific audience. Whether it is a press release, menu, graph, statement, proposal,
newsletter, flyer, catalog, schedule or name tags, you can effectively use desktop publishing to customize
any document for your business.
Advanced desktop publishing usually requires investments on specialized publishing software like
QuarkXpress, Adobe Photoshop, Adobe InDesign or Illustrator. However, when you outsource DTP, you will
not have to make any investment on DTP equipment (Computers and printers) or the software and regular
upgrades. This will minimize your production cost, while giving you access to top-notch quality desktop
publishing services.
Desktop Publishing in Workplace
Examples of typical items that businesses set up internally and either print or send
out to a commercial printer include:
Brochures, flyers, and posters
Booklets
Newsletters
Business cards and letterhead
Forms
Financial documents
HR documents
Invoices, inventory sheets, memos, and labels
Desktop Publishing in Home
Desktop publishing in the home is usually limited to small-run print projects for the
family. Any family with a desktop computer, software and a printer can produce many
projects. Examples include:
Greeting cards
Postcards
Digital scrapbooks
Decorative labels
Family calendars
Some DTP Software
Adobe Pagemaker
Adobe Framework
Adobe Illustrator
Adobe InDesign
Adobe Photoshop
Apple pages
Banner Mania
Corel Ventura
CorelDraw
Tips on DTP
Always think of your design from the reader's point of view.
Don't try too hard. DTP offers so many design tricks that it is tempting to include them all, but
too many effects are often counter-productive. Generally speaking, less is more.
Good design is not about covering as much of the page as possible.
Make the most of the images you are given, but be wary of turning to clipart. A good image
can make a design, a weak one can ruin it.
Get to know your fonts. You probably have hundreds on your system, each with different
effects and different practical uses, but how many do you actually use?
Within any single job, however, you should stick to only two contrasting but complementary
faces. Use different styles of these fonts (italic, bold and compressed) to add variety.
Get the right software. Each DTP program has its own strengths and weaknesses and caters to a
slightly different market.
End of Chapter