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Department of Computing: CLO3 (Design & Implement Various Pieces of OS Software)

This document provides instructions for Lab 11 on file systems in the CS330 Operating Systems course. It includes an introduction to file structures, the objectives of understanding file structures, and required tools. It then describes file structures and how operating systems define and support different structures. It lists some key system calls like open, read, write, and close. An example C program is provided that uses these calls to copy one file to another. Finally, it outlines the task of writing a simple grep-like utility in C to search for a string in a file, and submission guidelines are given.

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89 views

Department of Computing: CLO3 (Design & Implement Various Pieces of OS Software)

This document provides instructions for Lab 11 on file systems in the CS330 Operating Systems course. It includes an introduction to file structures, the objectives of understanding file structures, and required tools. It then describes file structures and how operating systems define and support different structures. It lists some key system calls like open, read, write, and close. An example C program is provided that uses these calls to copy one file to another. Finally, it outlines the task of writing a simple grep-like utility in C to search for a string in a file, and submission guidelines are given.

Uploaded by

Danial Ahmad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of Computing

CS 330: Operating Systems


BSCS -7AB
Lab 11: File System

CLO3(Design & implement various pieces of OS software)

Date: 3-12-2019
Time: 9.00 AM – 12:00 PM and 02:00 PM – 05:00 PM
Instructor: Dr. Pakeeza Akram

CS330: Operating Systems Page 1


Lab 11: File Systems
Introduction

A file is a named collection of related information that is recorded on secondary storage such
as magnetic disks, magnetic tapes and optical disks.In general, a file is a sequence of bits,
bytes, lines or records whose meaning is defined by the files creator and user.

Objectives
Understand the file structures.

Tools/Software Requirement
 gcc

Description

File structure is a structure, which is according to a required format that operating system can
understand. A file has a certain defined structure according to its type. A text file is a
sequence of characters organized into lines. A source file is a sequence of procedures and
functions. An object file is a sequence of bytes organized into blocks that are understandable
by the machine. When operating system defines different file structures, it also contains the
code to support these file structure. Unix, MS-DOS support minimum number of file
structure.

Before proceeding to task you are supposed to go through the following system calls: -

i) open

ii) read

iii) write

iv) close

Let’s continue with our first system call open()  whose purpose is to open file for reading or
writing or to create new file. In order to demonstrate other system calls here's the example code
for program that copies input file passed as first argument into output file passed as second
argument:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#define BUF_SIZE 8192

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {

CS330: Operating Systems Page 2


int input_fd, output_fd; /* Input and output file descriptors */
ssize_t ret_in, ret_out; /* Number of bytes returned by read() and write() */
char buffer[BUF_SIZE]; /* Character buffer */

/* Are src and dest file name arguments missing */


if(argc != 3){
printf ("Usage: cp file1 file2");
return 1;
}

/* Create input file descriptor */


input_fd = open (argv [1], O_RDONLY);
if (input_fd == -1) {
perror ("open");
return 2;
}

/* Create output file descriptor */


output_fd = open(argv[2], O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0644);
if(output_fd == -1){
perror("open");
return 3;
}

/* Copy process */
while((ret_in = read (input_fd, &buffer, BUF_SIZE)) > 0){
ret_out = write (output_fd, &buffer, (ssize_t) ret_in);
if(ret_out != ret_in){
/* Write error */
perror("write");
return 4;
}
}

/* Close file descriptors */


close (input_fd);
close (output_fd);

return (EXIT_SUCCESS);

Tasks
Task 1:

Write a simple grep like simple utility in the C programming language. Approach the
problem by following these steps:

a) Your task is to write a simple grep like utility in the C programming language. You
can name it “mygrep”. grep is basically used for searching. For example, “mygrep foo
myfile” command returns all the lines that contain a string matching the expression
"foo" in the file. Your code will be checked by running such a simple command.

CS330: Operating Systems Page 3


It is easy to get overwhelmed with the complexity of grep. Note that we are looking
for a simple version that can search for a specific string in a single file. You may
consult grep man page if you are looking to get more info about it

Deliverables:

Submit your code as well as README file. In your README, briefly describe how your algorithm
works.

Submission Guideline:
Submit your source code in a document and instead of submitting separate   README file
write down the required explanation in your document with the heading README.

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