© Add a period. A hdd. _ Take out. Grammar) Handbook} Jenny wrote a letter to her friend. Irregular Verbs, Read Jenny's letter. See page 486. Dear Bella, yy A ee 4") How was your Fourth of July? I had the best holiday! Every year, our family goes to the lake. The weather was really cares ml ate hot, so we swam. Then we eated” ¥ Identify the " ” , feelings Jenny dinner by the lake. Finally, it was shows in her letter, © = : time for the fireworks I liked ¥ Identify an giant irregular verb. the purple fireworks the best! Tell how revisions 4 improved her Your friend, we writing. 7 | Jenny e Per ed nr 299Pee edYING Have you ever seen a beetle with such bright colors? For years, people have been trying to explain nature through stories. Here are some questions people have tried to answer: >» Why does a zebra have stripes? » Why is the sky blue? Talk About) lt Work with a partner. Think of some questions you have about nature. Write your questions on the chart. 301ACSC Cry Vocabulary Use the picture and sentence to learn each word. her friend's feelings. Describe how you feel when you are ashamed. They always boast that they are the best team. What are some things people might boast about? | People had to dash to get out of the rain. How do you move when you dash somewhere? uperineyestebook SoG Iagehe oe Falla PhteAtsauence Mute mages | heard Sandy holler for her dog. When else might someone holler? 302There was plenty of fresh corn at the picnic. What is something you have plenty of? > There are many between my brother and me. What is the opposite of similarities? Winning the race was a great victory for our team. Tell about a victory you have had. Grandpa used his wisdom to help me solve my problem. Tell how you Know someone has wisdom. eat AbOR 7 Bit Pick three words. Write three questions for your partner to answer. Use the online visual glossary (eames natn) Ses inagedtan: eva nage) BlenenageiAy 303m) Essential Question 6 How can we understand a nature? y. st Read about how the sun and the moon ended up in the sky.Characters: This play is based on Narrator an African folktale that Son tells how the moon and Moon, Sun's Wife sun ended up in the sky. Water Narrator: Long ago, Sun, Moon, and Water lived together on Earth. (Sun and Moon are eating breakfast at home.) Sun: I will visit my good friend Water today. Moon: That sounds enjoyable, but why doesn’t Water ever visit us? Do you feel ashamed or embarrassed to invite Water here? Sun: No, I am proud of our house. I will invite Water today!(Sun visits Water at the beach.) Sun: Water, why don’t you ever visit us? Water: Your house can’t hold me and my family. Sun: That’s nonsense! Moon and I will enlarge our house, so there will be plenty of room for everyone! Water: Then I will visit you. Sun: Wonderful! Please holler loudly, so I hear you when you arrive. Now I must dash home quickly to start the work. (Sun rushes home.) Narrator: Sun and Moon raced to make their home larger. They added rooms and raised the roof higher. The new house was completely different and had no similarities < Q ’ to their old home. They felt it was a victory, or a win, for now their friend could visit. ~ Water: Sun and Moon, I have arrived!Sun: Isn’t this the largest home you've seen? Moon: Sun, it’s not polite to brag, so please don’t boast to our guest. Water, come inside. Narrator: Water splashed through the door carrying colorful fish, frogs, and crabs. As the water began to rise, Sun and Moon climbed onto furniture. Then they scrambled onto the roof. . Sun: Moon, I’m not sure about the wisdom of \ 4 inviting Water. Perhaps this wasn’t a smart idea! vIn / , Moon: No, Sun, it was the right thing to do but , J ' we must fly to safety! Narrator: Sun and Moon flew to the sky, where they remain today and still shine down ° on Water. Make Connections oe What does this folktale explain about nature? EsseNTIAL QUESTION How is this story different from what you know about the sun and moon? text To seLFRe Cech Visualize When you visualize, you form pictures in your mind about the character, setting, and plot of the story. §O Find Text Evidence “As read page 307 of “Why the Sun and Moon Live in the Sky,’ can visualize what is happening in the story. ‘Sun In this the largest home you've seen? ‘Moon: Sun, not polite to brag so please dow boast to cur guest Water, come inside [Narrator Water splashed through the door carrying colors, frogs, and crabs. As the ‘water began tose, Sun and Moon climbed onto furniture. Then they scrambled onto the roo ‘5. Sun:Moon Ym not suze about the Wi8dom of sowing Wier Perhaps this wasn mart idl */ , Moon: No, Sun, it was the right thing todo bt ‘we must ly tosafety! Lread that water. splashed through colorful fish, frogs and crabs. This helps me visualize what is happening in the story. Narrator: Sun and Moon flew to the sky, 4 __where they emain today and stl shine down, pit ABORA 7, What was it like when Sun and Moon enlarged their house? Reread page 306 and tell what you visualize. 308Ce ae) dT Theme The theme of a story is the main message the author wants to tell the reader. To find the theme, think about what the characters say and do. Find Text Evidence On page 305 of “Why the Sun and Moon Live in the Sky,” Moon points out that she and Sun are good friends with Water. This is a clue that the theme is about friendship. Clue Moon points out that they are good friends with Water, but Water never visits. Theme Friends sometimes do difficult things for each other. er Reread the play. Find another clue to the theme and list it in the graphic organizer. Use the interactive graphic organizer 309Literature Drama “Why the Sun and Moon Live in the Sky” is a drama that tells a folktale. A drama: + is a play that can be acted out on stage. + has parts that characters speak aloud. + can have a lesson to be learned )) Find Text Evidence ~~ I can tell that “Why the Sun and Moon Live in the Sky” is a drama, It is written with parts for the characters. =aaea 7 | _ Story Structure anAticanfolialetat | © / I see that each character iter camel j sun ended up in they. vf has dialogue. Dialogue Narstor Lng go Sun, Moon and Water ved is the words that each sogeher on Ech . en cr ee eres eee character says in a drama. Sun wil vs ny god rend Water dy 4 “Moon: That sounds enjoyable, but why doesn’t ott ABORA re Sumueaeepulietie— em eT | Sa Water today! Reread the play with a partner. Then talk about the lesson learned from this drama of a folktale. 310Mere Eee lr hy Root Words To understand the meaning of a word you do not know, try to separate the root word from its ending or suffix, such as -ed, -ly, or -able. D Find Text Evidence “I'm not sure what enjoyable means so | separate the root word enjoy from the suffix -able. | know that enjoy means “like” and the suffix -able means ‘able to.’ | think enjoyable means “something you like to do.” That sounds|enj oyable} but why doesn’t Water ever visits us? eo ABORA 7 sr Use root words to figure out the meanings of these words in the drama. quickly, page 306 added, page 306 ke tw 3nWriting Traits © Readers to... To develop a character, writers tell the character's experiences and thoughts. Reread the passage from “Why the Sun and Moon Live in the Sky.” Peer Ideas Sun: Moon, I’m not sure about the Tell how the wisdom of inviting Water. Perhaps writer develops characters. What can you tell about Moon: No, Sun, it was the right thing the characters to do but we must fly to safety! from these details? this wasn’t a smart idea! 312|__ A SSSSSSSSS iing morte Writers & Frank wrote a new ending for the drama. Read Frank’s ending. Student Model Sun and Moon Move to the Sky Moon: Water brought too many made friends. They smakedia big mess in our new house! You must ask them to leaves) Lam sorry. Sun;,I have a better idea. Let's move to a new house. look up in the sky! We can have a big = house there. Come, Moon, let's go! == Make a capital letter: @ Add a period. A Add, _® Take out. Crammar) Handbook} Irregular Verbs, See page 486. e Identify how Frank developed characters. vf Identify an irregular verb. ¢ Tell how revisions improved his writing. CPTI i Write online in Writer’s Worksp J 313re What excites us about nature? ners about grade 2 topics and texts with peersNature can be very exciting! This whale jumps out of the ocean many times a day. Some people write poems about what they see in nature. There are lots of nature topics to write about. The Outdoors - The Seasons Living Things es NX Talk with a partner about what excites you about nature. List your ideas on the chart.So Vocabulary Use the picture and sentence to learn each word. Sam enjoyed looking at the pale yellow flowers. What is the opposite of pale? There are drops of water on the plant. Where else have you seen drops of water? excite The dancers will excite the audience. What can excite you when you go outside? outdoors a We played soccer outdoors. us| Name something you can do outdoors that you cannot do inside. 316Poetry Words alliteration | like to read a poem with because | like to say the same beginning sound in words. Say three words with the same beginning sound. free verse In free verse, the words do not need to rhyme. Which would you rather write, a free verse or rhyming poem? Tell why. repetition Poets who repeat words or phrases in a poem are using Why might a poet want to use repetition in a poem? simile “Bill was as fast as a cricket” is an example of a simile because it uses the word as to compare two unlike things. Name the two things that are being compared. nm Pick three words and write a question about each for your partner to answer. 317' What excites us about nature? Read how poets describe things in nature. seater cary oreSnow is falling from the sky. It drops on the ground. It’s bright, bright white, just like cold milk. It looks so soft and smooth. | hate to ruin it with my feet, but | have got a plan. | stand up tall and close my eyes, and then straight back | fall. | slide my arms up and down. | move my legs in and out. I stand up to see what | have made, A four-foot shape in the snow — Of me! by Dana Williams %Nature Walk | When you take a walk in the fall, leaves are like a blanket on the ground. They crunch under your feet with each step you take. When you take a walk in the fall, the temperature begins to drop. The air feels as cool as raindrops on your cheek. It smells like clean cotton towels. When you take a walk in the fall, the outdoors will excite you. It’s a wonderful time! by Sarah Miller {eves ln PterPhtadcGey naps a) ADRs 320Outdoors on a clear day, look up in the sky. What do you see there? Look! | see a giant polar bear. Look! I see a pale flower growing. Look! | see a buffalo and her baby. Wait...it’s changing. Now I see a cowboy on his horse Galloping, galloping across the sky. | wonder where he'll ride? by Juanita Marco Make Connections Talk about how nature excites the poet of each poem. Which poem do you like the most? How does it excite you about nature? Design Pv MarshFree Verse Free verse poetry: + tells a poet’s thoughts or feelings. + does not rhyme. + can have similes. )) Find Text Evidence I can tell that “In the Sky” is a free verse poem. It tells the author's thoughts and feelings about the clouds. It also does not rhyme. Poe This is a free verse poem. The lines do not end with words ‘Outdoors on a clone day, , that rhyme. ook up in the sky. What do you see there? Look! | see a giant polar bear Look! | see @ pale flower growing. Look! | see 2 buffalo and her baby. Wait..it's changing. Now | see a cowboy on his horse Galloping, galloping across the sky. | wonder where hell ide? by tuaitamar ‘Make Connections Reread the poems “Snow ‘snc me Shape” and “Nature J cmitacteyosabornerones: KE Walk.” Explain why each % *- poem is an example of a free-verse poem. 322Cee) dT Theme The theme is the main message or lesson in a poem. Identifying key details in a poem can help you figure out the theme. Find Text Evidence I'll reread “Nature Walk” and look for clues to figure out the theme of the poem. Clue leaves crunch under your feet a Clue the temperature drops Lee | Clue air smells like clean towels a Theme There a lot of exciting things to experience in nature in the fall. Reread “In The Sky.” Find the clues and list them in the graphic organizer. Use the clues to figure out the theme of the poem. 323ease Repetition Repetition is the use of repeated words and phrases. Poets use repetition to make a poem sound like a song or to stress the poem's meaning. §O Find Text Evidence When | read “In the Sky” aloud, | can hear repetition. Reread the poem and listen for words that are repeated. The poet repeats the word look. It is followed by an exclamation mark. The repetition of this exclamation shows the excitement of finding shapes in the clouds. — i iii Reread “Nature Walk.” Listen for words and phrases that are repeated. Talk about how the repetition adds meaning to the poem. Outdoors on a clear day, look up in the sky. What do you see there? Look! Giant polar bear. Look! | see a pale flower growing. Look! | see a buffalo and her baby. Wait...it’s changing. Now I see a cowboy on his horse Galloping, galloping across the sky. I wonder where he'll ride? 324Vere ety BSTC} e e Similes A simile compares two different things using the words like or as. Find Text Evidence To find a simile, | need to look for a comparison of two unlike things. In “Nature Walk,” the speaker compares leaves to a blanket on the ground. Perey) Nature Walk When you take a walk in the fall, leaves are like a blanket on the ground. Continue reading “Nature Walk.’ What other similes does the poet use? What two things does the poet compare in each simile? 325Readers to... Writers use sensory words to help the reader know how something looks, sounds, smells, tastes, or feels. Reread “Nature Walk.” Eee ; ee a ae Word Choice Identify the When you take a walk in sensory words in the fall, the poem. What leaves are like a blanket sense does each on the ground. word appeal to? They crunch under your feet with each step you take. When you take a walk in the fall, the temperature begins to drop. The air feels as cool as raindrops on your cheek. It smells like clean cotton towels. 326® Check speling. A Add _» Take out. Writers | - Steven wrote a free verse poem. Contractions Read Steven's revisions. See page 491. Day to Night I like to watch the sky change from day to night. sinks The sun goes-dewt behind the tall trees. turn pink and orange The clouds, « b } chirp w Identify sensory Crickets spake_nois® loudly. words Steven used. v Identify the My eyes feel heavy. contraction. ¢ Tell how revisions I can't Keep them open. improved his Goodnight, Gighi® sky. writing.Let’s Make Difference a. The Big Idea How can people make a difference? “The world is like a great big puzzle and our job in life is to figure out where our piece fits. Mine just happens to fit with clean water. ” — Ryan Hreljac Ryan's Well Foundation: aes | AG y * 4 NX \ 7 &£ i] vy ye 3 a ai< tan Weekly Concept Being a Good CitizenCitizens These girls are raising money to buy playground equipment for a park in their neighborhood. They are good citizens. Citizens have rights and responsibilities. > A citizen shows responsibility by keeping their neighborhood clean. » A citizen has rights, such as the right to go to school. Talk About It, @S) I Talk with a partner about other ways you can bea good citizen. Then write your ideas on the web.} } } & ‘ 3 ota mages bere Kempt he 332 Vocabulary Use the picture and sentence to learn each word. champion Maya won the game and became the new champion. What is a synonym for champion? COomInEE) The boy determined which 4 ib } books to check out at the library. Who determined what you wore to school today? The fireman talked about issues of fire safety with the children. What are some issues in your classroom? Zack and Jon made promises to tell the truth and stay friends. Why should you Keep your promises?It is my responsibility to clean my room every week. What is a responsibility you have at home? Going to school is one of your rights as a citizen. B What other rights do you have? | volunteered to help plant flowers in the garden. Tell about a time you volunteered to help someone. | wonder who got the most votes in our class election. When do people use votes to decide things? estabona yy Your Turn Bee Pick three words. Write three questions for your partner to answer. Go Digital! 333 i i : :> Essential Question What do good citizens do? Read about a boy who chooses to be a good citizen. 334My best friend Paul and I were excited to go to the park after school. The park had a new fort. The Parks Department let the kids choose what kind of equipment to build, and the fort got the most votes. After school, Mom and I met Paul and his dad at the park. Paul and I raced to the top of the tower. “I win. I’m the champion,” I shouted. “Look, Paul! Someone left the newest GameMaster here. It’s mine now Paul raised his eyebrows and looked thoughtful. “Wyatt, you cannot keep that GameMaster,” he said. “You have a responsibility to return it. It is your duty!” l asked, “Haven’t you ever heard the saying, ‘finders keepers, losers weepers’? I have rights. I found it, so I am claiming it.”336 “You can do whatever you want, Wyatt, but you know it’s wrong to keep it,” Paul said. Then he added, “Whenever there are issues like this at school, you’re the one who helps solve the problems. Now you aren’t taking your own advice.” Then Paul added, “I volunteered my thoughts. If you don’t want to take the help I offered, there’s nothing I can do.” Paul was right. I couldn’t keep the game because it wasn’t mine. The person who lost it would be upset. I cleared my throat and said in my best deep voice, “I’ve determined that you're right!” “I'm delighted you decided to do the right thing,” said Paul.We told my mother what happened. She walked around the park with us so we could try to find the owner of the game. Soon we saw a boy and his Mom looking for something. He looked hopeless, and he burst into tears when we asked him if the game was his. “Yes,” he wailed, “I lost my GameMaster a little while ago. I should have been more careful Afterward, Mom and I walked home. I was glad I returned the toy to the boy. So, I made a promise to myself to always try to do the right thing. Now that is a vow I can keep! fj Make Connections How are Paul and Wyatt good citizens? ESSENTIAL QUESTION What is something you do to be a good citizen? text to seLr338 Comprehension Strategy Summarize To summarize a story, you tell only the most important events of the story in your own words. This helps you remember what you have read. ) Find Text Evidence After reading page 335 of “A Difficult Decision,” 1 can summarize what happens at the beginning of the story. Po EE aul Lread that Wyatt finds a hand-held. game at the park and he wants to keep it. His friend, Paul, wants Wyatt to find Vytee ie Summarize the middle and end of the story. Remember to tell the important events in your own words.ension Skill Point of View A character telling the story has feelings about the events. This is the character’s point of view. The words |, my, me, and mine tell who is speaking. )) Find Text Evidence When | read the second paragraph on page 335 of “A Difficult Decision,” | can tell Wyatt is talking. | will look for clues to his point of view. ee Wyatt thinks he should keep a game he found. Your Turn Reread the page 335 of “A Difficult Decision.” Fill in the graphic organizer to show Paul's point of view. Use the interactive graphic organizer 339Literature | Realistic Fiction “A Difficult Decision” is realistic fiction. Realistic fiction: + has characters that talk and act like real people. + has a setting that could be a real place. + can be told in the first person. )) Find Text Evidence “I can tell that “A Difficult Decision’ is realistic fiction. Wyatt and Paul could be real people. | also see that it is told by Wyatt, in the first person. page 335 Story Structure yb tend Pande tego _ tothe park ater school. The park had ane ot + The story uses first “The Paka Deparment eh hho what | ~ i ero ate person point of view. | srdiscadetihepark The character uses |, Taulandtines tochetp ofthe ower les , — my, and me to tell his sine thoughts and feelings. Paul aise his eyebrows and looked VT oN CT) Find two examples of how you know this story is realistic fiction. 340Vocabulary Strategy (+ Suffixes To understand the meaning of a word you do not know, separate the word from a suffix, such as -ful or -less, to figure out the word's meaning. §© Find Text Evidence !am not sure what thoughtful means. The root word is thought, which has to do with thinking about something. | see the suffix -ful, which means “full of.” | think the word thoughtful means “having a lot of thoughts.” Paul raised his eyebrows and looked thoughtful] Use suffixes to figure out the meaning of the following words in “A Difficult Decision.” careful, page 337 hopeless, page 337 341a (@) Readers to... Writers use descriptive details to tell about the characters, setting, and events. Reread the passage from “A Difficult Decision.” Bra Mites d itl Paul raised his eyebrows and at descriptive io details does the looked thoughtful. “Wyatt, you writer include cannot keep that GameMaster,” he to help you said. “You have a responsibility to understand return it. It is your duty.” Wyatt's actions? 342Writers 2 QV Maggie wrote a letter to her friend. Read Maggie's writing. Breer Dear Talia, Yesterday was fun! My family and I went to the park. We worked with other people to pick up ratte wore gloves and used long poles to stick the trash. The park looked.good” when we were finished! Your friend, ee Maggie a = Make a capital letter © Add a period. A Add, _» Take out. Grammar) Handbook} Pronouns See page 488. o Identify descriptive details Maggie used. o Identify the pronouns. Tell how revisions improved her writing. | Peet ged C2 ; 343Weekly Concept Cooperation Works! Essential Question How do people get along? Ola Go Digital! NZLet's Cooperate! These kids are playing a game that takes cooperation. They have to interact and work together to make the parachute go up. To cooperate you need to: » Listen and pay attention to those around you. » Work together to do the task. Talk) About\It) (¢#) Talk with a partner about How We 5 Cooperate things you do that take cooperation. Then write your ideas on the web.= sry BANG rages 346 Vocabulary Use the picture and sentence to learn each word. The kids told jokes and amused each other. Describe something that has amused you. Runners must cooperate to win a relay race. When have you had to cooperate at school? | would describe my cat as small § and fluffy. Describe what you are wearing today. The funny clown entertained me. Name something that has entertained you.gination Ryan used his imagination to pretend he was in space. Tell about something you see in your imagination. Mia likes to chat and interact with her friends at lunch. Who do you like to interact with? The boy was patient and waited for his friend. Tell about a time you have been patient. It was peaceful in the quiet library. What is the opposite of peaceful? [Your Turn Pick three words. Write three questions for your partner to answer. CC ee eA ete J Spe aor pertimagesety mans 347cossae Cr CC® Genre « Fiction = Essential Question ~ How do people get along? Read about a girl who has a problem on the soccer field.AR A ia Kelly couldn’t wait until soccer season began. She could not be patient because she just loved racing to get the ball. She would use her imagination to picture the ball, and then she would fly toward it. Kelly practiced at home during the calm, peaceful mornings. At the first team practice, Kelly greeted her friends. She liked to chat and interact with them. Then she saw a new girl. “That’s Selena. She’s a really fast runner,” reported Kelly’s friend Tara. At first, Kelly held her tongue and said nothing. She was worried. She had always been the fastest runner on the team. Then she said, “T can beat her.” When practice started, Coach Troy had everyone line up for races. Kelly was nervous and had butterflies in her stomach. #0900000 0000POO SOSOSHSSHOSHHHHHHHHON “On your mark, get set, GO!” the coach shouted. Kelly ran as fast as she could but she noticed Selena getting ahead of her. Kelly tried her best but couldn’t match Selena. Later, Kelly watched as Selena entertained some girls by bouncing the ball on her head. The girls laughed, but Kelly was not amused. That night, Mom could tell Kelly was upset. “Can you describe what’s wrong?” she asked. “Anew girl named Selena beat me at the races. It stinks to get beaten!”said Selena. “1 know that’s disappointing for you,” Mom said. “But it also sounds like good news for your team.” Kelly thought about her Mom’s words. She cared about the team, but she liked being the fastest.POOSOOGEHHHHOHHHHHHHOOS At the next practice, the team played a game. Kelly and Selena were on the same team and Selena was goalie. She quickly blocked a goal. Then Kelly got the ball and thumped it hard toward the net. She scored the winning goal! After practice, Selena said to Kelly, “You were really great today.” “Thanks, so were you. I think our team can be great if we cooperate and work together,” said Kelly. “| think you’re right about that,” said Selena. “I'd love to keep playing,” Kelly said. “Want to come over to my house and practice?” Make Connections How does Kelly learn to get along with Selena on the soccer field? essential QUESTION Compare Kelly's problem to a time you have had to work to get along with others. text To seLrRe Cee Ci: hy Summarize To summarize a story, you tell only the most important events of the story in your own words. Use details from the story to summarize the story. )) Find Text Evidence “After reading page 349 of “Soccer Friends,” | can summarize what happens at the beginning of the story by retelling the key events and details. eee Kelly couldn’ wait until soccer season began. She could not be patient because she just loved racing to get the bal She would use ‘er faagination to picture the ball end then she would fy toward it Kelly procticed at home during the calm, peaefll mornings [At heist team practice, Kelly groced her fends. Sh ied to chat and ire with Chem, “Then she saw anew ge. “That's Selena, She's a realy fast runner” reported Kelly's fren Tara, At first, Kelly held hee tongue and sid nothing She was Worried. She had awaysbeen the fastest runner onthe team, Then she sid, Lean eather” Lread that Kelly is worried that the new. girl on her soccer team will be a faster. runner than she is. Reread and summarize the middle and end of the story. Remember to tell the important events in your own words. 352Comprehension Skill Point of View Point of view is what the characters think and how they feel about the events in a story. Look for clues about a character's point of view in the text. {© Find Text Evidence ~~ On page 350, Kelly is upset that she lost the race to Selena, Kelly says, “It stinks to get beaten.” This is Kelly's point of view. [—eheracter [Glue] __rointof view] Kelly “It stinks to | Kelly feels upset that she get beaten.” | lost the race to Selena. Your Turn Rereading page 351 of “Soccer Friends.” Fill in the graphic organizer with Selena’s and Kelly's points of view. OT eee ear ec 353Literature | e e Fiction The story “Soccer Friends’ is fiction. Fiction: + has made-up characters and events. + has a problem and a solution. )) Find Text Evidence I can use what | read to tell that “Soccer Friends” is fiction. The characters and setting are made up. There is also a problem and a solution. page 349 Story Structure In the beginning of the story, I see there is a problem. Kelly is worried that the new girl on the soccer team might be faster than she is. ° ° Kelly couldn't wit unl seser season hogan. She could not be pale bocsse she jst loved racing to get the ball Se wold se to pictare the bal, an hen realy at ear” ponte Kal nT At frst Kelly hold he tongue an sad pathing She was worted. She had always been ‘8e fastest runner onthe team. Thon she sid, toon eather” ‘When practic started, Coach Toy na everyone line up fr races ‘ ©) Katy was nervous and had Continue rereading the story. Tell the solution to the problem. 354Te aie hy Idioms Idioms are words or phrases that have different meanings than the real meanings of the words. Look for clues in nearby words or sentences to find the meaning of an idiom. Q)) Find Text Evidence “Tread that Kelly would ‘fly toward the ball.’ | know people cannot fly so this must be an idiom. Another sentence tells how Kelly enjoys racing to get the ball. | think this idiom means that Kelly moves quickly. She would use her imagination to picture the ball, and then she wouldfly toward Use context clues to figure out the meanings of these idioms in “Soccer Friends.” Kelly held her tongue, page 349 Butterflies in her stomach, page 349 355Writers use short and long sentences to add interest to their writing. Reread the passage from “Soccer Friends.” LSS Ad Sentence Fluency ®OOOOOOSOSOEEEESD Identify short At the next practice, the team and long sentences the writer used to make the writing was goalie. She quickly blocked played a game. Kelly and Selena were on the same team and Selena interesting. a goal. Then Kelly got the ball and thumped it hard toward the net. She scored the winning goal! 356== Make a capital letter Cramman)Handbook} Kent wrote a fiction story. Pronouns See Read Kent's story. page 488. ge Our Class Play CE a] a Our class put on a play for 3 . q the school. the play was “The a Three Billy Goats Gruff.” We Came <= all had parts in the play. I was og ¥ Identify long and a theM#e littlest billy goat groft short sentences ° Kent used. e We all worked together to, ‘the ¥ Identify the pronoun /. és aaa Tell how revisions <* lines a lot. It was a really improved his is writing. <* great show! gq? Write online in Writer’s WorkspaceWeekly Concept Our Heroes Essential Question | @ What do heroes do?What is a hero? A hero is someone who is looked up to by others because of his or her achievements and courage. A rescue worker is a hero to many people. > Rescue workers risk their lives. » Rescue workers save other people’s lives. (Ga Talk with a partner areas about who you think are Them a Hero heroes. Tell what they have done that make them heroes. Write your ideas on the chart.Use the picture and sentence to learn each word. agree’ Grandma and | agree to play a card game. What is the opposite of agree? This hard math problem is We eset tome. We about something that is challenging to you. | dig in my backyard to discover buried treasure. What are some things you would like to discover? hake lage fe Maren Photography Fike nas Chai RarUSDA Naa Resouces Consent Seve heroes Fire fighters are heroes that | help people. What things make people become heroes? { 360Adam has an interest in music. Tell about an interest of yours. My class likes to perform songs at school. Describe a time you saw someone perform in a movie or play. | like to study the planets. What things do you like to study? | hope | succeed in winning the game. What should you do if you do not succeed at something? east bOR 7. Cc Pick three words. Write three questions for your partner to answer. 361 bringom PblshingSupesioki*) Shared Read Keniry ling Essential Question What do heroes do? Read about a man who took action to improve the lives of others.Who are your heroes? For many farm workers, César Chavez is a hero. He is the brave man who spent his life helping them. Childhood César Chavez was born in Arizona. His parents taught him about learning, hard work, and respect. César worked on the family farm as a young boy. He helped care for the farm animals. His mother and grandmother taught César about caring. Many people came to their door asking for food, and his kind family always shared. César had a strong interest in education. This desire to learn was sometimes hard on him. Spanish was his first language, but he needed to learn and study English. At school, he was punished for speaking Spanish. His mother taught César to find peaceful ways to solve problems. These lessons helped him succeed later in life. He would win struggles without fighting. 363 Side riety maneHard Times When César was ten, it did not rain for a long time. This drought caused the plants on the farm to die. Without crops to sell, César’s family couldn’t afford to keep the farm. Then César’s family moved to California where there was no drought. His family traveled from farm to farm and worked the crops. César and his family would quickly discover that migrant farm workers had difficult lives. Their challenging jobs forced them to work long hours for little money. The workers bent over all day tending the crops. The work they had to perform made their backs hurt and their fingers bleed. If workers complained, farm owners fired them. e of César Chavez’s Life 1937 1962 1991: Chavez family moves Started (César gives speeches to California, National Farm about treating workers Worker’ Assoc. fairl 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 1927 1942 1965 1993 1994 Gsarisborn on César finishes 8th Heconvinces Césarhelped He wins the US. March 21. grade, begins full theworkersto farmworkers Medal of Freedom. time farm work. haveastrike. until he dies on April 23. 364Changing Lives César knew the migrant workers were not treated fairly so he decided to take action. He told the migrant workers he had a plan. It was time for grapes to be harvested, or picked. César told the workers to stop working. This was a called a strike. The grapes began to rot. With no grapes to sell, the landowners lost money. Finally, the owners talked to César. They promised better pay. After that, the workers began picking the crops again. César Chavez worked for the rest of his life to improve farm workers’ lives. Would you agree that he is a hero? Make Connections ” How do César Chavez's actions ® make hima hero? essenriat question How have you ever tried to help others? rext To seLrResell hi Summarize Summarizing is using your own words to tell the most important events in a selection. This can help you remember new ideas in a selection. §O Find Text Evidence ' After reading page 365 of “César Chavez,” I can summarize what happens in the section “Changing Lives.” Lread that César ere tes talked to other farm. ar (eee leer ted uly 0 he deed to ake acon He sd hemes erie facie workers and they. Ik was time for grapes to be harvested, ot had a strike. When Eo areppe ein mee eo the owners promised rot, With no grapes to sell, the landowners lost money. Finally, the owners talked to César, They promised better pay. After that, the workers began picking the crops again. ca Summarize the section called “Childhood.” Remember to tell the important events in your own words. better pay, the strike ended. Margret Ln og Slade Pry mages 366Ce uae) Sequence The sequence tells the order of ideas in a selection. We can use the words first, next, then and /ast to tell the order of what happens. 52) Find Text Evidence ~~ As tread “César Chdvez,”| think about how the ideas and information are organized in the text. They tell the sequence of events in César’s life. First César Chavez was born on a farm in Arizona. sy Reread “César Chavez.” Fill in the graphic organizer to help you identify the sequence. eer ea 367Informational Text Biography “César Chavez” is a biography. A biography: + is the true story of a real persons life. + is written by another person. )) Find Text Evidence “can tell that “César Chdvez” is a biography because it tells about the life of César Chdvez. Another clue is that it has a timeline of his life. Text Features + Boldprint shows words that are important to understanding the topic. Then Can’ famy ved o Calor where there was no drought Hay teva rm farm farm and worked the ropa esa and is fay would uly act shat mgzant fam workers ad diel ves, Their _eiallengiing jobs forced them to work long hours forte mone. The worker bet over l day tending the cops. The work they ha 6 peo |) mace thi backs rt an hel fingers led. I | one +A timeline shows dates of important events in the order in which they happened. Reread the timeline. Tell about events that happened in César Chavez's life. 368Vocabulary Strategy (¢ Synonyms Synonyms are words that have almost the same meaning. Mad and angry are synonyms. A synonym can be a clue to the meaning of another word. 2 Find Text Evidence On page 363 of “César Chavez,” | read the word caring. In the last sentence of the same paragraph, | read the word kind. Caring and kind are synonyms. His mother and grandmother taught him about{caring, Many people came to César’s door asking for food, and his|kind| family always shared. Find a synonym for these words in “César Chavez.” harvested, page 365 challenging, page 364 Morgaetinimar 369int ic iic@ Organization = WReaders to... When writers tell facts about a person's life, they tell important events in order, or sequence. Reread the passage from “César Chavez.” pea Organization . It was time for grapes to be How does the . grap . auidror WED harvested, or picked. César told sequence to the workers to stop working. This organize their was a called a strike. The grapes writing? began to rot. With no grapes to sell, the landowners lost money. Finally, the owners talked to César. They promised better pay. After that, the workers began picking the crops again. Mage Ucar 370D5 Jonathan wrote a biography. Read Jonathan's writing. BS OT ST] Aunt Angela My aunt, Angela, has always helped other people. First, when she was only ten, she had a lemonade stand. She did not Keep the money. Instead, she F| Today, gave it to her school, She volunteers at the hospital. She is always doing things for other people. I admire her. J, Make a small letter A Add. > Take out. q]_ New paragraph, Possessive Pronouns See page 489. Your Turn ei wo Identify a sequence word. v Identify a possessive pronoun. Tell how revisions improved his writing. Pee eg 371Weekly Concept Preserving Our Earth > Essential QuestionProtecting the The Earth has many resources, such as water, air, land. These children are protecting the Earth from pollution. Here are some other ways we can protect Earth’s resources. > Save water. Turn off the faucet while brushing your teeth. > Keep the air supply clean. Have your parents turn off the car when they are waiting for someone. Talk/ About It) (@3) Talk about ways you can help protect Earth’s resources. Write your ideas on the chart.ACSC Cry 374 Vocabulary Use the picture and sentence to learn each word. curious lam curious to find out what is in the box. Tell about something you are curious about. Lily waved from a distance, but her friend did not see her. Tell about something that is at a distance from you right now. Water and trees are important What are some other Earth resources? The bird looked tiny on top of the enormous rhinoceros. What is another word for enormous?The girls gently patted the puppy at the shelter. Show how you would gently pat a kitten. Julia smiled proudly when she finished her painting. Tell about a time you did something proudly, It rarely rains in the dry desert. What word is the opposite of rarely? The teacher has a supply of colored pencils for the class. What else is there a supply of in | the classroom? ait BOR 7, cm ET Pick three words. Write three questions for your partner to answer. (ere ‘ ttn ekemannDaa sone moses: Googe inages Corey Hocus Des ne) 37533 Shared Read Jafar ~ How can we protect the Earth? Read to find out about saving Earth's resources.“Look! The community center is having an art contest,” said Grace. She was holding a flyer. Mrs. Simon read the flyer aloud. Everyone agreed they would like to enter the art contest. Mrs. Simon said, “Our classroom supply of art materials is low because it’s the end of the year. Ill check with Mrs. Rice to see what she has.” Mrs. Rice, the art teacher, didn’t have any art materials. “I won’t be getting a supply until next year,” she said. The whole class was disappointed. “How can we enter the art contest without art materials?” asked Grace. “Maybe we can raise some money. We could have a bake sale,” suggested Hal. “T don’t think there’s time,” Mrs. Simon said. “Let's use the paper in the recycling bin,” Pablo said. Pablo did not often raise his hand. He rarely spoke up, so everyone was surprised when he offered an idea. 377SMA NI Hal said, “I’m curious about your idea. I want to learn why you would use old paper.” “So we can save Earth’s resources,” replied Pablo. “When we use recycled paper, we use natural materials and save trees.” “We can also use this old string and these wire hangers,” added Grace. Now the class had to decide what to do with the materials. Pablo had another idea. “We can fold the paper into cranes. Then we can attach the cranes to a frame to make a mobile.” Mrs. Simon taught the children how to fold the paper into cranes. Then everyone helped attach the cranes to the mobile.AA evr re — Zi % laBe gs On the day of the art contest, the paper crane mobile hung in the enormous community center room. The huge space was crowded with art projects. From far off, the class spotted their project. The crane mobile swayed gently as people walked past. From a distance, the paper cranes appeared to be softly flying. The judges checked each art project. They looked closely at the crane mobile. The paper crane mobile won the | prize for the most creative use of materials. | ji As the class proudly accepted their prize, they could not stop grinning. Grace exclaimed, “We made our art project, and we saved the Earth at the same time!” Make Connections What do the children do at school to help protect the Earth? essenriat QuesTION Tell about a way you can help protect Earth’s resources at school. text To seLr va r ; 379Re Cech Make Predictions Use what you already know and what you read in the story to predict what might happen next. Then you can confirm or revise your prediction. )) Find Text Evidence ~~ On page 377 of "The Art Project,” | read that the class has no art materials. | predicted that they would ask kids to bring in the art materials. Then | read on to check my prediction. EE CELEd Lread that the. al sid, “Vm BBG about your Wes. kids thought they want to learn why yu would se ld paper” Soe con save ETSI * replied I r I aoa materials. This ee oe made me revise my Now the lass had to devi what do with prediction. Reread page 378. What did you predict the children would do with the materials? Tell if you confirmed or revised your prediction.Ce ae) dT Problem and Solution The plot is often about the problem in the story. The solution is how the characters solve the problem by the end of the story. ind Text Evidence On page 377 of “The Art Project,” learned the problem in the story. On page 378, | learned that Pablo suggested a step to solving the problem. Problem The class does not have art materials to make an art project. Steps to Solution Pablo suggests reusing a paper from the recycling bin. : yr Continue reading the story. Fill in two more steps to the solution and the solution on the graphic organizer. a 381Literature Fiction “The Art Project” is fiction. Fiction: + tells a story about imaginary characters and events. + includes a problem and solution. + often includes dialogue. Find Text Evidence | know that “The Art Project” is fiction. It tells a story that includes a problem and a solution. It also has dialogue. The characters talk to each other. page 377 Story Structure “Lt Te commis antcontes sid Grnce. She was oling ger: Dialogue is the words estore aaa that the characters speak. Mis Simon sid, “Our assoc BB of at ‘nae low beemue ifs end of he en: The words are set inside Teheck wih Rc toe wht he as quotation marks. anata asked Grace “Maybe we can raise sme money. We could havea bake sale," suggested Hal ou nBORa ye eee : en ee Your Turn Sr ©) Hetately spoke up, so everyone was surprised 7 a reece Find two more examples showing how you know this story is fiction. 382Are Eel Cr hy Homophones Homophones are words that sound the same, but have different spellings and different meanings. L Find Text Evidence ~~ When I read the sentence on page 377, I'm not sure what the word “whole” means. | know that hole, spelled h-o-l-e, means “an empty space in something.” Whole, spelled w-h-o-l-e, means “entire.” | think the second meaning makes sense. The|whole|class was disappointed. et ABORA 7 Ci sr Tell the meaning of the homophone as it is used in each sentence in “The Art Project.” see, page 377 won, page 379 risen Sra 383Writing Traits BUCK (<3 @2 Readers to... Writers use linking words to show how ideas work together. These ideas can show a cause and an effect. Reread the passage from “The Art Project.” Pee Word Choice Mrs. Simon read the flyer aloud. What linking word does the author use to show a cause said, “Our classroom supply of art Everyone agreed they would like to enter the art contest. Mrs. Simon and effect? materials is low because it’s the end of the year. I’ll check with Mrs. Rice to see what she has.” 384@® Check spelling. _® Take out. A Add, Writers Jade wrote a fiction piece. Grammar) Handbook} Read Jade's writing. Contractions See page 491. New paragraph. we SE A Gift for Mom #4 Sue wanted to get her mother a gift, but she also wanted to help the environment. } ; She Gesidid to make a gift. @} Sue painted an old pot bright ; and green, but she planted a small o Identify a linking word Jade used. o Identify a contraction. Tell how revisions improved her writing. Sm > Write online in Writer’s Worksp / 385 lilyISue made a gift that her ; and } mom liked, thaP'it didn’t harm ; the environment!Gl Rights and Rule Sp) Essential Question > Why are rules important?These children are going on a class trip. They are following the school’s rules. They form two lines and listen to their teacher. Why do we have rules? > Rules help keep us safe. By staying together, these children will not get lost. Talk About lt, dboutraesyon |__| Pac about rules you Important have at home. Then discuss why these rules are important. List your ideas on the chart. te £ 2 2 : 5 £ 387388 ACSC Cry Vocabulary Use the picture and sentence to learn each word. exclaimed “What a surprise!” James How do you think James felt when he exclaimed this? The mail is finally at Liam's house. Why might Liam be happy that the mail has finally arrived? Charlie and Dylan want to form a chess club. What kind of club would you like | to form? Ben learns about the history of his family. What do you Know about the ig history of your family?favorite public place. What public places do you visit in your town? We must follow the rules of our school. Give an example of one of the rules of your school. The children united to win the game. Why is it important that they united in the game? writers The writers were busy finishing their stories. saeny aoe Who are some of your favorite writers? & Pick three words. Write three questions for your partner to answer. Your Turn i g : i § Go Digital! Use the online visual glossary 389Why are rules important? Read about how America became an independent country and developed it’s own rules. ~ —— j = a “390 Dennis DegnanicisOn the Fourth of July, skies across the United ; The Changs viet pay, States light up. It’s 9S Visit Philadelphia, Independence Day! The holiday celebrates the Declaration of Independence. In 1776, this statement was written to tell the King of England that the colonies were free from his rule. The colonies would be united to form a new country together. Janet Chang, 8, recently visited Philadelphia with her family. Philadelphia was the first capital of the United States. The Changs went there to learn about their country’s history or past. Busy Building First, they went to Independence Hall. “That’s where the Declaration of Independence was signed,” Janet exclaimed. She was excited to be there. oxisety nage 391i i 2 3 Ten years after the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution was written in Independence The signers of the Declaration of Independence. Hall. The writers of the Constitution created new rules for the country. Rules are important. They help to keep order in a country and give people rights. One new rule was that people could state their opinion. Ringing for Freedom The Changs later visited the Liberty Bell. It is said that the famous bell rang on July 8, 1776. That’s when the first public reading of the Declaration of Independence took place. The bell also chimed to announce important events, such as when a President was elected.CUCU eeu Why It Is Cool !texplains the rules that were created for our nation, One area tells of the right to say what you want and the Fight to vote. The National Constitution Center Independence Hall This is where the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution were written. You can see the chair that George Washington sat in as he signed the Constitution. Betsy Ross Home Itis said that Betsy Ross made the first American flag. You can tour her home to see how she lived and worked. Memorable Moments Finally, Janet and her family explored Franklin Court. This is where Benjamin Franklin lived and worked. Franklin was one of the writers of the Declaration of Independence. He also helped frame the Constitution. To remember their visit, the Changs mailed a postcard from Franklin’s post office. “I'll never forget this day!” Janet said. Make Connections What is one rule of our country? Why are rules important? EsseNTIAL QUESTION How is this rule the same or different from your rules at school? texto seLr 393Pe Cell bi Make Predictions Use what you already know and what you read in the selection to help you predict what you will learn about. As you read, you can confirm or revise your predictions. Q Find Text Evidence After reading the title “Visiting the Past,” | predicted the selection would be about a family visiting an important place from the past. ceca In 1776, this statement was written to tell the King of England that the colonies were free from his rule. The colonies would be “united to form a new country together Janet Chang, 8, recently visited Philadelphia with her family. Philadelphia read that the Chang family visited Philadelphia to learn about the past. ‘was the first capital of the United States. ! confirmed my The Changs went there to learn about a their country’s history or past. prediction. BBoldi a When you read the subheading “Ringing for Freedom’, what did you predict would happen? Tell if you confirmed your prediction. 394Cause and Effect A cause is an event that makes something happen. An effect is what happens because of that event. {O Find Text Evidence On page 391, | learn that Janet Chang and her family go to Philadelphia. That is a cause. | will read to find out the effects of their trip. The Chang family They see many visits Philadelphia historic places. (iow ten Reread page 392. Fill in the graphic organizer with a cause and effect. 395Informational Text Expository Text “Visiting the Past” is an expository text. Expository text: + gives facts and information about a topic. + can have photos, captions, and charts. Find Text Evidence | know “Visiting the Past” is an informational text because it gives facts about real places in the United States. It also has a chart that tells about these places. page 393 Text Features A chart is a list of facts or information that is shown in rows. CeeeueuuN, ‘Make Connections P wnarisone ute of ou Explain what you learned from looking at the chart. 396Me Eater hy Multiple-Meaning Words As you read, you may find words that could mean more than one thing. Look at the other words in the sentence to help you figure out which meaning is correct. Find Text Evidence On page 391 of “Visiting the Past,” | see the word form. | know a form can be “a piece of paper.” It can also mean “to make something.” When | read the sentence, the meaning “to make something” makes sense. The colonies would be united to|form|a new country together. a se Find these words in “Visiting the Past.” Write the correct meaning based on the sentence the word is in. order, page 392 state, page 392 397Writing Traits D Voice | Writers use a formal voice when the reader is a person such as a teacher. An informal voice is used when the reader is a family member or friend. Reread the passage from “Visiting the Past.” Voice Identify the On the Fourth of July, skies formal or across the United States light up. informal voice in It’s Independence Day! The holiday thisiparadraphe celebrates the Declaration of Why did the writer choose Doe this voice? In 1776, this statement was written to tell the King of England that the colonies were free from his rule. The colonies would be united to form a new country together. 398