RIZAL COLLEGE OF TAAL
Calle G. Marella, St. Taal, Batangas
General
Mathematics
Quarter I – Module 5:
Inverse Functions
SELF – LEARNING MODULE
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Subject Teacher: Ms. Roselle D. De Ocampo
Assistant Principal: Ms. Jerlyn V. Lopez
Principal: Mrs. Jacqueline T. Mortel, Ed.D
Office Address: Calle G. Marella, St. Taal, Batangas
For the learner:
Welcome to the General Mathematics–Grade 11 Self-Learning Module (SLM) on
Inverse Functions!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
This module has the following parts:
Objectives: This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies you
are expected to learn in the module.
Motivation: This part includes an activity that aims to check what you
already know about the lesson to take. It also includes a brief
drill or review to help you link the current lesson with the
previous one.
Instruction: This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson. This
aims to help you discover and understand new concepts and
skills.
Practice: This comprises activities for independent practice to solidify
your understanding and skills of the topic.
Enrichment: In this portion, another activity will be given to you to enrich
your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned. This also tends
retention of learned concepts.
Evaluation: This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of mastery in
achieving the learning competency.
OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson, the students must be able to:
1. determine the inverse of a function of one-to-one function in
particular;
2. represents an inverse function through its: (a) table of values,
and (b) graph;
3. find the domain and range of an inverse function.
4. solves problem involving inverse functions.
MOTIVATION
My Opposite!
Directions: For each operation in the first column, record the inverse
operation in the second column.
Operation Inverse
1. Add 8
2. Subtract 10
3. Multiply by 5
4. Divide by 6
5. Square
6. Raise to the third power
7. Fifth root
8. Fourth root
INSTRUCTION
Inverse Functions
Recall:
A relation is a set of ordered pairs. The domain of a relation is the set of first
coordinates. The range is the set of second coordinates. A function is one-to-one if no
horizontal line intersects its graph more than once.
A one-to-one function is a function in which for each value of y in the range of f, there
is just one value x in the domain of f such that y = f(x).
In other words, f is one-to-one if f(𝑥1 ) = 𝑓(𝑥2 ) implies 𝑥1 = 𝑥2 .
✓ A relation reversing the process performed by any function f(x) is called inverse
of f(x).
This means that the domain of the inverse is the range of original function and that
the range of the inverse is the domain of the original function.
Original Function Inverse Relation
✓ If f is a one-to-one function, then the inverse of f denoted by 𝑓 −1 is the function
formed by revising all the ordered pairs in f. Thus,
𝑓 −1 = {(𝑦, 𝑥)⃒ (𝑥, 𝑦) is in f
From the definition, the following properties of an inverse function follows:
Properties of an Inverse Function
If the 𝑓 −1 inverse function exists,
1. 𝑓 −1 is a one-to-one function; f is also one-to-one.
2. Domain of 𝑓 −1 = Range of f.
3. Range of 𝑓 −1 = Domain of f.
Example 1:
Find the inverse of the function described by the set of ordered pairs {(0, -2), (1, 0),
(2, 2), (2, 0), (3, 4), (4, 6)}.
Solution:
Switch the coordinates of each ordered pair.
{(0, -2), (1, 0), (2, 2), (2, 0), (3, 4), (4, 6)} Original Function
{(-2, 0), (0, 1), (2, 2), (0, 2), (4, 3), (6, 4)} Inverse Function
Example 2:
Find the inverse of the function f = {(3, 2), (−3, − 1), (−6, 3), (6, −1)}.
Solution:
We interchange the coordinates of each ordered pair to obtain 𝑓 −1 .
𝑓 −1 = {(2, 3), (−1, −3), (3, −6), (−1, 6)}
Notice that 𝑓 −1 is not a function, since the first element −1 is matched to two elements,
−3 and 6.
Note: One-to-one functions have inverse functions.
A function that is not one-to-one has an inverse, but the inverse is a relation rather
than a function as shown in Example 2.
To find 𝑓 −1 (𝑥 ):
1. Replace f(x) with y.
2. Interchange x and y.
3. Solve for the new y from the equation in Step 2.
4. Replace the new y with 𝑓 −1 (𝑥 ).
Example 3:
Given f(x) = 2x + 3, find 𝑓 −1 (𝑥 ).
Solution:
Replace f(x) with y. f(x) = 2x + 3
y = 2x + 3
Interchange x and y. x = 2y + 3
Solve for the new y. x – 3 = 2y or 2y = x – 3
𝑥−3
y=
2
𝑥−3
Replace the new y with 𝑓 −1 (𝑥). 𝑓 −1 =
2
Example 4:
Find the inverse of the function f(x) = 3x + 6
Solution:
To find the inverse of a function defined by an equation, we interchange the independent
variable x and the dependent variable y. Note: f(x) = y; hence,
f(x) = 3x + 6
y = 3x + 6
Interchanging x and y to find 𝑓 −1 , we have
x = 3y + 6
Solving for the new y, we obtain
x – 6 = 3y Divide both side by 3 to get y
1
𝑥−2= 𝑦
3
Replacing the new y with 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) because the inverse is a function, we have
1
𝑓 −1 (𝑥 ) = 3 𝑥 − 2
Property
The two functions f and g are inverses of each other if
f(g(x)) = x for every x in the domain of g and
g(f(x)) = x for every x in the domain of f.
That is, f(g(x)) = g(f(x)) = x or
if g(x) = 𝑓 −1 (𝑥 ), then
f(𝑓 −1 (𝑥)) = 𝑓 −1 (𝑓(𝑥)) = 𝑥
Example 4:
Show that the following functions are inverses of each other.
1
f(x) = 2x + 5 and g(x) = 2 (𝑥 − 5)
Solution:
a. We find the composite function of f of g. b. We find the composite function g by f.
1
f(g(x)) = 𝑓 [2 (𝑥 − 5)]
g(f(x)) = g(2x + 5)
1 1
= 2[2 (𝑥 − 5)] + 5 = (2𝑥 + 5 − 5)
2
=x–5+5 1
=x = (2𝑥)
2
=x
Since f(g(x)) = g(f(x)) = x, then f and g are inverses of each other.
