Scribd
Upload
523 views12 pages

Problems in PSA

The document describes 4 problems involving calculating per unit values for electrical systems. Problem 1 involves calculating generator reactances on a common base. Problem 2 involves calculating per unit values for a system with a generator, transformers, transmission line and motors. Problem 3 similarly calculates pu values for another system with a generator, transformers, line and motor. Problem 4 involves drawing an impedance diagram and calculating currents.

Uploaded by

rameshsme
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
523 views12 pages

Problems in PSA

The document describes 4 problems involving calculating per unit values for electrical systems. Problem 1 involves calculating generator reactances on a common base. Problem 2 involves calculating per unit values for a system with a generator, transformers, transmission line and motors. Problem 3 similarly calculates pu values for another system with a generator, transformers, line and motor. Problem 4 involves drawing an impedance diagram and calculating currents.

Uploaded by

rameshsme
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

Problem #1:

Two generators rated 10 MVA, 13.2 KV and 15 MVA, 13.2 KV are connected
in parallel to a bus bar. They feed supply to 2 motors of inputs 8 MVA and 12
MVA respectively. The operating voltage of motors is 12.5 KV. Assuming the
base quantities as 50 MVA, 13.8 KV, draw the per unit reactance diagram.
The percentage reactance for generators is 15% and that for motors is 20%.

Solution:

The one line diagram with the data is obtained as shown in figure P1(a).

Selection of base quantities: 50 MVA, 13.8 KV (Given)

Calculation of pu values:
XG1 = j 0.15 (50/10) (13.2/13.8)2 = j 0.6862 pu.

XG2 = j 0.15 (50/15) (13.2/13.8)2 = j 0.4574 pu.

Xm1 = j 0.2 (50/8) (12.5/13.8)2 = j 1.0256 pu.

Xm2 = j 0.2 (50/12) (12.5/13.8)2 = j 0.6837 pu.

Eg1 = Eg2 = (13.2/13.8) = 0.9565 ∠00 pu

Em1 = Em2 = (12.5/13.8) = 0.9058 ∠00 pu

Thus the pu reactance diagram can be drawn as shown in figure P1(b).

Problem #2:

Draw the per unit reactance diagram for the system shown in figure below.
Choose a base of 11 KV, 100 MVA in the generator circuit.
Solution:

The one line diagram with the data is considered as shown in figure.

Selection of base quantities:

100 MVA, 11 KV in the generator circuit(Given); the voltage bases in other


sections are: 11 (115/11.5) = 110 KV in the transmission line circuit and 110
(6.6/11.5) = 6.31 KV in the motor circuit.

Calculation of pu values:

Calculation of pu values:

XG = j 0.1 pu, Xm = j 0.2 (100/90) (6.6/6.31)2 = j 0.243 pu.

Xt1 =Xt2 = j 0.1 (100/50) (11.5/11)2 = j 0.2185 pu.

Xt3 =Xt4 = j 0.1 (100/50) (6.6/6.31)2 = j 0.219 pu.


Xlines = j 20 (100/1102) = j 0.1652 pu.

Eg = 1.0∠00 pu,   Em = (6.6/6.31) = 1.045∠00 pu

Thus the pu reactance diagram can be drawn as shown in figure P2(b).

Problem #3:

A 30 MVA, 13.8 KV, 3-phase generator has a sub transient reactance of 15%.
The generator supplies 2 motors through a step-up transformer - transmission
line – step-down transformer arrangement. The motors have rated inputs of 20
MVA and 10 MVA at 12.8 KV with 20% sub transient reactance each. The 3-
phase transformers are rated at 35 MVA, 13.2 KV -∆ /115 KV-Y with 10 %
leakage reactance. The line reactance is 80 ohms. Draw the equivalent per unit
reactance diagram by selecting the generator ratings as base values in the
generator circuit.

Solution:
 

The one line diagram with the data is obtained as shown in figure P3(a).

Selection of base quantities:

30 MVA, 13.8 KV in the generator circuit(Given); The voltage bases in other


sections are:

13.8(115/13.2) = 120.23 KV in the transmission line circuit and

120.23(13.26/115) = 13.8 KV in the motor circuit.

Calculation of pu values:

XG = j 0.15 pu.

 
Xm1 = j 0.2 (30/20) (12.8/13.8)2 = j 0.516 pu.

Xm2 = j 0.2 (30/10) (12.8/13.8)2 = j 0.2581 pu.

Xt1 =Xt2 = j 0.1 (30/35) (13.2/13.8)2  = j 0.0784 pu.

Xline = j 80 (30/120.232) = j 0.17 pu.

Eg = 1.0∠00 pu;  Em1 = Em2 = (6.6/6.31) = 0.93∠00 pu

Thus the pu reactance diagram can be drawn as shown in figure P3(b).

Problem #4:

 
A 33 MVA, 13.8 KV, 3-phase generator has a sub transient reactance of 0.5%.
The generator supplies a motor through a step- up transformer - transmission
line – step-down transformer arrangement. The motor has rated input of 25
MVA at 6.6 KV with 25% sub transient reactance. Draw the equivalent per
unit impedance diagram by selecting 25 MVA (3φ), 6.6 KV (LL) as base
values in the motor circuit, given the transformer and transmission line data as
under:

Step up transformer bank: three single phase units, connected ∆–Y, each rated
10 MVA, 13.2/6.6 KV with 7.7 % leakage reactance and 0.5 % leakage
resistance; Transmission line: 75 KM long with a positive sequence reactance of 0.8 ohm/ KM
and a resistance of 0.2 ohm/ KM; and The Step down transformer bank: three single phase units,
connected ∆–Y, each rated 8.33 MVA, 110/3.98 KV with 8% leakage reactance and 0.8 % leakage
resistance;

Solution:

The one line diagram with the data is obtained as shown in figure P4(a).
3-phase ratings of transformers:

T1: 3(10) = 30 MVA, 13.2/ 66.4√3 KV = 13.2/ 115 KV, X = 0.077, R = 0.005
pu.

T2: 3(8.33) = 25 MVA, 110/ 3.98√3 KV = 110/ 6.8936 KV, X = 0.08, R =


0.008 pu.

Selection of base quantities:

25 MVA, 6.6 KV in the motor circuit (Given); the voltage bases in other
sections are: 6.6 (110/6.8936) = 105.316 KV in the transmission line circuit
and 105.316 (13.2/115) = 12.09 KV in the generator circuit.

Calculation of pu values:

Xm = j 0.25 pu; Em = 1.0∠00 pu.

XG = j 0.005 (25/33) (13.8/12.09)2 = j 0.005 pu; Eg = 13.8/12.09 = 1.414∠00


pu.

Zt1 = 0.005 + j 0.077 (25/30) (13.2/12.09)2 = 0.005 + j 0.0765 pu. (ref. to LV


side)
Zt2 = 0.008 + j 0.08 (25/25) (110/105.316)2 = 0.0087 + j 0.0873 pu. (ref. to HV
side)

Zline = 75 (0.2+j 0.8) (25/ 105.3162) = 0.0338 + j 0.1351 pu.

Problems

1. Determine the reactances of the three generators rated as follows on a


common base of 200 MVA, 35 KV: Generator 1: 100 MVA, 33 KV, sub
transient reactance of 10%; Generator 2: 150 MVA, 32 KV, sub transient
reactance of 8% and Generator 3: 110 MVA, 30 KV, sub transient reactance
of 12%.

[Answers:  XG1 = j 0.1778, Xg2 = j 0.089, Xg3 = j 0.16 all in per unit]
 

2. A 100 MVA, 33 KV, 3-phase generator has a sub transient reactance of


15%. The generator supplies 3 motors through a step-up transformer -
transmission line – step- down transformer arrangement. The motors have
rated inputs of 30 MVA, 20 MVA and 50 MVA, at 30 KV with 20% sub
transient reactance each. The 3 -phase transformers are rated at 100 MVA, 32
KV-∆ /110 KV-Y with 8 % leakage reactance. The line has a reactance of 50
ohms. By selecting the generator ratings as base values in the generator
circuit, determine the base values in all the other parts of the system. Hence
evaluate the corresponding pu values and draw the equivalent per unit
reactance diagram.

[Answers: X G = j 0.15, Xm1 = j 0.551, Xm2 = j 0.826, Xm3 = j 0.331, Eg1=1.0


∠00, Em1 = Em2 = Em3 = 0.91∠00, Xt1 = Xt2 = j 0.0775 and Xline = j 0.39 all in
per unit]

3. A 80 MVA, 10 KV, 3-phase generator has a sub transient reactance of 10%.


The generator supplies a motor through a step -up transformer - transmission
line – step-down transformer arrangement. The motor has rated input of 95
MVA, 6.3 KV with 15% sub transient reactance. The step-up 3-phase
transformer is rated at 90 MVA, 11 KV-Y /110 KV-Y with 10% leakage
reactance. The 3-phase step-down transformer consists of three single phase Y
-∆ connected transformers, each rated at 33.33 MVA, 68/6.6 KV with 10%
leakage reactance. The line has a reactance of 20 ohms. By selecting the 11
KV, 100 MVA as base values in the generator circuit, determine the base
values in all the other parts of the system. Hence evaluate the corresponding
pu values and draw the equivalent per unit reactance diagram.

[Answers: XG = j 1.103, Xm = j 0.165, Eg1=0.91∠00, Em= 1.022∠00, Xt1 = j


0.11, Xt2 = j 0.114 and Xline = j 0.17 all in per unit]

4. For the three-phase system shown below, draw an impedance diagram


expressing all impedances in per unit on a common base of 20 MVA, 2600 V
on the HV side of the transformer. Using this impedance diagram, find the HV
and LV currents.

[Answers:    Sb = 20 MVA; Vb=2.6 KV (HV) and 0.2427 KV (LV);


Vt=1.0∠00, Xt = j 0.107, Zcable = 0.136 +j 0.204 and Zload = 5.66 + j 2.26, I =
0.158 all in per unit, I (hv)= 0.7 A and I (lv) = 7.5 A]

You might also like