5-8 Chemical analysis – Trilogy
1.0 This question is about pure substances and mixtures.
1.1 Which two substances are mixtures?
[2 marks]
Tick two boxes.
Air
Copper oxide
Diamond
Stainless steel
Water vapour
1.2 Draw one line from each context to the correct meaning.
[2 marks]
Context Meaning
A substance that has had nothing
added to it
Pure
A single element or a single
substance in
compound
chemistry
A complex mixture with specific
properties
Pure
A substance that can be separated
substance in
by distillation
everyday life
A substance that can be separated
by filtration
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2.0 This question is about chemical analysis and chromatography.
2.1 What is the test for chlorine gas?
[1 mark]
Tick one box.
A glowing splint relights
A lighted splint gives a pop
Damp litmus paper turns white
Limewater turns milky
2.2 What is the test for hydrogen gas?
[1 mark]
Tick one box.
A glowing splint relights
A lighted splint gives a pop
Damp litmus paper turns white
Limewater turns milky
2.3 A manufacturer of children’s drinks adds food colourings to the drinks.
Suggest why.
[1 mark]
Tick one box.
To make the drink healthier
To improve the appearance of the drink
Because they are expensive
Because they make the drink fizzy
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2.4 Chromatography was used to compare three colours used as food colourings.
What do these results tell you about these three colours?
[3 marks]
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
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3.0 A student collected and measured the volume of the hydrogen gas produced in a
reaction.
The apparatus the student used is shown below.
3.1 Give the name of the apparatus labelled X.
[1 mark]
_____________________________________________________________________
3.2 State the resolution of the apparatus labelled X.
Include the unit.
[1 mark]
__________________________________________________ unit: ______________
3.3 The student’s results are shown in the table below.
Experiment Volume of hydrogen collected in
one minute in cm3
1 49.3
2 50.2
3 35.1
4 48.9
Calculate the mean volume of hydrogen collected in one minute. Give your answer to 3
significant figures.
[2 marks]
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Mean volume = __________________ cm3
3.4 State what the student did to reduce the effect of random errors in the experiment.
[1 mark]
_____________________________________________________________________
3.5 A teacher collected two tubes full of hydrogen gas.
She tested tube A for hydrogen as soon as she took the bung out.
She tested tube B for hydrogen a few seconds after taking the bung out.
Explain why tube B gave a different result to tube A.
[1 mark]
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
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4.0 A farmer has had his prize goat kidnapped! A ransom note, written in marker pen, has
been left. The police arrest two suspects and search their houses. They find a marker
pen at each house which could have been used to write the note. They decide to use
paper chromatography to see whether the ink in the marker pens match the ransom
note.
4.1 Describe how you would use chromatography to test whether the ink in the marker
pens matches the ink on the note.
[4 marks]
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
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4.2 The chromatogram shown below was taken from the suspects’ marker pens.
Calculate the Rf value for ink spot A. Give your answer to 3 significant figures.
[3 marks]
Rf value for ink spot A _________________
4.3 Explain why the inks move by different amounts during paper chromatography.
You should refer to the stationary and mobile phases in your answer.
[4 marks]
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
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4.4 The ink on the ransom note had an Rf value of 0.41.
Was the ink taken from the ransom note the same as the ink taken from marker pen A?
Explain your answer.
[3 marks]
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
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MARK SCHEME
Qu No. Extra Information Marks
Air 1
1.1
Stainless steel 1
(Substance in chemistry) 1
A single element or a single compound
1.2
(Substance in everyday life) 1
A substance that has had nothing added to
it
Qu No. Extra Information Marks
2.1 Damp litmus paper turns white 1
2.2 A lighted splint gives a pop 1
2.3 To improve the appearance of the drink 1
• Colours 1 and 2 contain only one colour 1
/ dye
2.4 • Colour 3 contains two colours / dyes 1
• Colour 3 is a mixture of colour 1 and a 1
different dye (that is not colour 2)
Qu No. Extra Information Marks
3.1 Gas syringe 1
3.2 5 cm3 Both value and unit required for the mark 1
49.3 50.2 48.9 1
(treat expt 3 as anomaly)
3
3.3 Award 2 marks for an answer of 49.5 1
49.5 (cm3)
(cm3) without any working.
Allow 1 mark for an answer of 45.9 (cm 3)
3.4 Repeated the experiment 1
3.5 Idea of mixing with oxygen / air Allow gas leaked out 1
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Qu No. Extra Information Marks
Any four from: 4
• Use chromatography paper
• Draw pencil line on paper
• Add a drop of ink from each marker pen
4.1 to the line
• Place in solvent
• Solvent level to be below pencil line
• Leave to run
• Compare with ink from ransom note
(Distance moved by A) 3.7cm and 9.2 cm Allow values in range 3.6 – 3.8 cm and 1
(Distance moved by solvent) 9.1 – 9.3 cm
Distances must be verified on print out
from school
3.7 1
4.2
9.2
0.402 Accept 0.402 without working shown for 1
3 marks
Allow ecf from incorrect measurement to
final answer for max of 2 marks if given
to 3 significant figures
• Separation depends on the amount of 1
time substances spend in the mobile
and stationary phase
• Ink that travels towards the top has a 1
greater attraction to the mobile
phase/solvent
• Ink that stays near to the starting 1
4.3 position has a greater attraction to the
stationary phase/paper
• So A has a greater attraction to the 1
mobile phase / solvent
or
So C has a greater attraction to the
stationary phase / paper
Yes/No (No mark awarded)
• Rf value is close Distances must be verified on print out 1
• But not the same from school 1
4.4 • If yes: Difference likely due to small 1
errors in measurement
If no: Rf values should be the same for
the same substance
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