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ILOCOS SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL – SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

WITHERING FLOWERS: LIVED EXPERIENCES OF ELDERS IN A

HOMECARE FACILITY

____________________

A Qualitative Research

Presented to
The Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics (STEM)
Ilocos Sur National High School
Senior High School
Vigan City, Ilocos Sur

____________________

In Partial Fulfilment of the

Requirements for the Subject
Practical Research 1

____________________

by:

PATRICIA LEIGH ARABE

KISHA MAE R. ARCONADO
CHRISTINE JANE R. RABAGO
JERIC KEVIN A. TABUDLO

2020
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CERTIFICATION

This qualitative research entitled, “WITHERING FLOWERS: LIVED

EXPERIENCES OF ELDERS INSIDE A HOMECARE FACILITY” prepared

and submitted by Raizza Ysabelle Rabe , Anjhel Altuna, Erin Phoebe Flandez

and Rasdy Panundi, Jr., in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject,

Practical Research 1, Second Semester, School Year 2019-2020, has been

examined and is recommended for acceptance and approval for Oral Examination.

DORIDEN DE CLASSICA FABRE, MAN

Adviser
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APPROVAL SHEET

Approved by the Panel of Examiners for oral examination with the grade of

_________________.

PETER JOHN A. FRIAL, EdD

Chairman

EUGENE R. AGUILAR, MAME GAYLORD BRENT R. RABANG, BSED

Member Member

Accepted and approved in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the

subject, Practical Research 1, Second Semester, School Year 2019-2020.

PETER JOHN A. FRIAL, EdD

Subject Group Head
Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics (STEM)

ROMULO Q. QUITEVIS
Principal IV

Date: March 12,202

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

“People are blessings from God to us…”

The researchers are dependent persons. They look forward to someone else

who are always lending their hands in times when they need them the most. In fact,

when they sum up all these blessings there’s no perfect way to thank them. The

researcher, then, would like to express their deepest gratitude to the following who in

one way or another had a very good contribution for the success of their research:

Romulo Q. Quitevis, Principal IV of Ilocos Sur National High School

(ISNHS), for his motivation, support, concern and untiring effort in giving the

researchers the approval for the completion of the study;

Ferdinand Concepcion, PSWD Officer of Balay Taripato, Sta. Monica,

Magsingal, Ilocos Sure for allowing them to conduct interview and gather

information to the informants for better understanding and deeper analysis for the

research;

Dr. Peter John A. Frial, Subject Group Head of the Science, Technology,

Engineering, Mathematics (STEM) and Research Chairman, for his paternal concern,

full guidance, suggestions, recommendations, time, all-out support

Mr. Eugene R. Aguilar and Mr. Gaylord Brent Rabang, panel members,

for their intellectual ideas, suggestions, recommendations, technical assistance and

skillful expertise that contributed for the development and improvement of the study;
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Dr. Doriden De Classica A. Fabre, research adviser and one of the panel

members, for her continuous motivation, guidance and support in the conduct of the

study;

To the informants of the study, for their knowledgeable insights and

experiences which they’ve shared to the researchers;

Mr. and Mrs. Roland R. Rabe, Ms. Maricar Fernandez, Mr. and Mrs.

Jamie Ernie Flandez and Mr. and Mrs. Rasdy Panundi Sr., their parents for the

inspiration, love and endless support and guidance for them to continue reaching

their aspirations;

The people whose names were inadvertently included but who contributed to

the development and success of the study; and

Above all, to Almighty God, for his infinite love, miracles, and unending

blessings, for without him, we will not be having this far.

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DEDICATION
This masterpiece is sincerely dedicated
Our Almighty Father, who is the gave us strength, love and determination
to focus and finish this study.

.
We wholeheartedly thank our friends, from the deepest part of our hearts,
For they gave us a helping hand
For cheering us up
For reaching their support

To our dearest parents,

who never failed to assist us and give us their all-out attention,
the people who gave us a push to this success,

To our beloved teachers, classmates and schoolmates,

who serve as our second parents and siblings,
who never failed to extend their arms when needed,
partners in developing ourselves for our betterment,

To our beloved Alma Mater, the Ilocos Sur National High School,
which became our second home and our comfort zone,
which opened its way to new opportunities and possibilities,
and to all, whom we shared our success and failures,
from the deepest part of hypothalamus…
sincerest gratitude
God bless.

R.Y.C.R.

A.F.A.

E.P.F.F

R.P.A.J
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ABSTRACT

The study aimed to determine the lived experience of an elderly inside a

home care facility, their emotional behaviors and their common illnesses. It aimed to

know the reasons why they are admitted, their concerns, and how the caregivers

handle, minimize their hardships and cope up with them.

The study made use of qualitative approach particularly availability sampling

among the respondents in the chosen facility located in the province. These

respondents served as the primary informants who were selected because of their

variations when it comes to their role in the facility. The use of open-ended interview

in local dialect and participation observation provided a free listing of their verbatim

accounts were noted and recorded as primary narratives.

Taking into account of the result of the study, the findings are revealed as

follows: (1) on balay taripato and its origin, informants knowledge are based on their

outlook and experiences .They revealed that Congressman Deogracias Victor

Savellano is the brainchild of Balay Taripato with the purpose of rescuing the

elders who is abandoned and neglected, lost and less fortunate in the community or

barangay; the informants also revealed various reason why they are being admitted

and activities are being conducted inside the facility; (2), on elder’s emotional

behavior, the informants all agreed that the elders are very fragile when it comes to

emotional aspect. The elders sometimes show their sensitivity and childishness. They

revealed the causes that trigger their emotional behaviors. The caregiver should

know how to handle the elders properly and think of ways for the elders to relieve
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their stress and discomfort. The informants answered that establishing rapport is the

key when dealing with the them. Trust between the elders and the caregivers must be

present. Patience is required when dealing with the elders. and (3) On illnesses and

relief, the informants revealed the resident’s common illnesses based on their data

are hypertension, diabetes, asthma. The residents are being monitored by the doctors

and the caregiver provides weekly check- up for them. The informants agreed that

cooperation and teamwork is the key first and foremost when doing tasks. Caregivers

treat the elders like a family to make them feel like they are not a burden despite of

their situation.

It evokes that the knowledge and awareness of the informants about

homecare and aging is efficient. The caregivers must require to have knowledge

about caregiving itself and be sensitive about the elder’s feelings, behavior and their

illnesses. Thus, it serves as an eye-opener to people to realize how some of the elders

is treated differently in the society. And it is also a way to raise awareness that

having knowledge about aging and its effect is significant in dealing with them

because nowadays families are focused on the nuclear family that some even forgot

their elders.

Keywords: Homecare Facility, knowledge and awareness to old age, aging and its

effects

.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Title Page…………………………………………………………………………… i

Certification………….……………………………………………………..………. ii

Approval Sheet…..….……………………………………………………..………. iii

Acknowledgment……….….….…………………………………………..……….. iv

Dedication……..……………………………………………………………..……. vii

Abstract……..……………………………………………………………………...viii

Table of Contents……….…………………………………………………..……….ix

Chapter I: THE PROBLEM

Introduction..….….….…………………………………………………….……1

Statement of the Problem..………………………………………………..…….5

Research Question…..…………………….……………………………………5

Scope and Limitations…….….. …………………….…………………………6

Operational Definition of Terms………………...…………………..…………6

Review of Related Literature………………………………….……………….7

Conceptual Framework……………………………………………….. ….…..22

Methods..……………………………..…………………………………….….24

Research Design…..……………………………………………………….…..24

Study Locale and Informants… ………...…………………………………….25

Data Gathering Procedure, Tools, and Analysis…………………………. …..26

Interviews….…………..……………………………………………….….….27

Data Analysis…………………………..……..…..……….……………....….29
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Ethical Issues………………………….….……………………………….……..….30

Chapter II: PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND DISCUSSION

On Balay Taripato and its Origin.………………..………………...…...…..31

On Elder’s Behavior ……………….…..….…… ……… ……………….…..35

On Illnesses and Relief....…..….….…..….………………...………………... 37

Chapter III: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION

Summary..……………………………………………………………......….41

Conclusion….……………….…………………..……………………..... …42

Recommendation…..…..……………………………………………...…….44

Bibliography…………………………………………………………………...…....45

Appendices..………………………………………………………………………...48

Curriculum Vitae…………….……………………………………….…….…....….60
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Chapter I

THE PROBLEM

Introduction

Nowadays, elderly people go to Home Care Facilities and became an option

for their loved ones, as they find it difficult to balance between taking care of their

relatives and their own personal time. The idea of taking care of someone can be

stressful. It can push a person's patience to limits and sometimes, test someone’s

capacity. This became a choice for some to send their elderly relative to Home Care

Facilities to have someone to take care of them and must be assisted by well-trained

caregivers and specialists

Everyone is getting older. This is unavoidable because the time itself

continues to be a sign of how long a person has lived in the world. From childhood,

everyone has learned to run fast, play to tiredness, carry heavy things and much

more. But now, as time goes by, one can gradually diminish one's abilities as he/she

begins to age. Nothing lasts and everything will end just like the life of a person.

Throughout life, learn to value oneself. That's all it can do when a person's term is

near. With the advent of technology, society has decided to build a home for the

elderlies or the so-called Home Care Facility.

Home Care Facilities provide personal and more intimate form of care for the

elderlies. The professional caregiver tries to reach the satisfactory of the elders by

giving them the customized care and providing their needs. This facility can be a

replacement or alternative accommodation when the elderlies can no longer live at

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home because of lack of care and attention. Homecare facilities offers assistance for

the elderlies in daily living, health care and vulnerability. To reach the standard of a

home-based environment and clinical place to live is challenging for the caregivers.

People are admitting their elderly loved ones to homecare facilities forgetting

the tradition of Filipinos about family ties. This is because of the false impression

that disregard the rule of a typical Filipino household setup wherein the elderlies live

with their children, married or single for protection and financial support (R. Abad,

2016)

There are large variety of reasons why a senior is being admitted or put to a

homecare facility. Some common reason are that the elders live alone and has no

relatives that can look for them, elders requires monitoring of health because of

physical or cognitive disabilities and require 24 hour medical care. It can be the

dysfunction of family dynamics such as family wars or abandonment due to lack of

time in providing personal care. Homecare became an option for the elders to be

assisted in everyday life (Kane 2018).

People in old ages experience and face various of social changes. Many

experiences depression and loneliness in old age due to living alone, lack of family

relationship and limited connection to their culture of origin, which result of poor

performance in participating in community activities. It is unavoidable to lose

connection to their networks and it will be hard to build relationship in a new

environment (Singh, Misra, 2009).

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Homecare Facility implements programs and activities that are suitable for

the elders. These can help them to engage in social activities such as knitting and

gardening. Providing social and emotional support can lessen depression and

improve their level of communication.

Public and emotional life do change as you age. Narrow connections leading

to misunderstandings and causes of strife. Emotion behavior is more likely to merge.

Negative thinking is dominant and social roles change. It will affect the elderlies the

way they think about life. Their perception will be negative and will result in a

decline in their immunity. The quality of life of an elderly person depends on the

people that surrounds the elderly in the community (Khaje-Bishak, Payahoo, and

Jafarabadi, 2014).

Emotional behavior resurfaces as you grow older. Depression,loneliness, and

isolation can cause the elders to have a sleeping and eating disorder. The elders may

not be able resume usual activities and most likely preferred to be isolated. An elder

can sometimes be paranoid because of the feeling fear over the lack of control over

her situation or unfamiliarity of environment. Elders are usually hostile and sensitive

especially when thing did not go according to their plan, leading them start

arguments, verbal attacks, and acting out but elders can release their emotions.

Elders cry, become enraged, or be overly critical or sarcastic (Hilger 2009).

Patience is an important virtue that a caregiver must possess in situations like

these. It is important for a caregiver to understand that the elders are not always in

complete control of their actions and, with that in mind, to give the person extra time
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to calm down and make different decisions.One must be open and understanding

about their situation and help them minimize and ease the emotional pain that the

elders are suffering.

Loneliness is the root to other illnesses and diseases. It increase the build up

of plaque in arteries that cause for the cancer cells to spread, causing inflammation to

brain leading to Alzheimers diseaase

As a person grow older, the body is prone to many illnesses or diseases

especially those who are 65 years old and above are usually exposed to germs and

bacteria, making their body to weakened. Age is not only a number of years of a

person's existence but it is also the physiological and psychological changes that an

individual's body goes through.

Several factors are associated with Alzheimer’s that affects its memory,

reasoning, communication and behavior. Some are also associated with Dementia

that decrease the ability to think and remember and it is enough to decrease a

person's daily function.

A person who is suffering from Dementia can be very tiring for the entire

family. It can be dangerous for the younger ones in the household and for the elderly

themselves that’s why this became one of the main reasons why an elderly is being

admitted that needs a professional care. Dealing with this affect, the people around

them feel risky to take care of them because of their behavior which they can be

aggressive and emotional (Gilbert 2017).

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Its longevity is escalating due to preferred lifestyle, prevention and treatment

of diseases. Care industry is one of the high regulated industries. Having someone to

be able to understand knowledge based on aging, death and dying, disease processes

has a positive contribution to our community.

Social awareness is one of the positive attributes. It will generate disciplinary

approach to community and medical field. Once an elderly went to Home Care

Facility, it will hopefully increase the quality of care services provided to the

elderlies. The elders deserve to have a high-quality service when placed to this kind

of facility. Family members also deserve contentment and peace of mind when their

loved ones are being admitted.

With advancements in medicine and technologies, it can save and prolong a

human life. Old age has taken on a new meaning in societies with the means to

provide high-quality medical care (Abad, 2016).

The objective of this study is to know how the facility deliver human and

social services which will ultimately benefit the elderlies. It also seeks to know how

the elderlies adjust to their environments and how they continue their daily lives

inside the facility and being away to their own families.

Research Questions

This qualitative study sought to give more knowledge about this research.

These include the following questions:

1) What is a Home Care Facility?

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2) What are the common reasons why the elders have emotional behaviors?

3) What are the common illnesses of the elders who stays in the facility?

Scope and Limitations

According to the PhilAtlas.com (2017), Magsingal is a coastal municipality

in the province of Ilocos Sur. The municipality has a land area of 84.98 square

kilometers or 32.81 square miles which constitutes 3.27% of Ilocos Sur's total area.

Its population as determined by the 2015 Census was 30,792. This represented

4.46% of the total population of Ilocos Sur province, or 0.61% of the overall

population of the Ilocos Region. Based on these figures, the population density is

computed at 362 inhabitants per square kilometer or 938 inhabitants per square mile.

This study seeks to know how the elderly manage their time inside the

facility, how does the caregiver handle their behavior. This involves interviews to the

facilitators and the elderly people present. This selection of the participants is only

limited to 10 participants because of the mass amount of people in the said facility.

This study was conducted in the municipality of Magsingal, Ilocos Sur on Balay

Taripato.

Operational Definition of Term

For clearer and better understanding of the study, the following words were

defined in the context of the study:

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Assistance. The act of helping or backing someone providing the need of an

individual Behavior. The way an individual act toward others or oneself.

Environment. The setting or surrounding in which a person lives

Facility. A place that provide service that benefits an individual

Dementia. A chronic disorder that involve memory disorder, change of

personality and reasoning

Alzheimer’s. A mental illness due to degeneration of the brain that usually

occur during middle or old age

Mobility Disability. Disability that is associated with social isolation, fall,

depression

Cognitive Aging. This refers to the short term memory loss and reasoning

impairments that occur to older people

Related Literature and Studies:

This section presents the review of the related studies pertaining to the

research with variables covering the current situation of the elderly and customs of

the facility. The conceptualization of this action research was facilitated through the

aid of various books and studies related to the problem stated. This section contains

the following areas related to this study:

1. on homecare and caregiving,

2. on elder’s loneliness
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3. on elder’s sociability

4. on elder’s common illnesses

On Home Care and Caregiving

A lack of establishment care means that elderlies are often cared by the

family members at home. This irregular care is dynamic because there are

insufficient social security and establishment care available for the elderlies. Though

assisted living is expected of Filipino families, those people who belong to the lower

socioeconomic status may be financially affected in providing enough care to a

sickly loved one. There are current policies to protect the well-being of a caregiver.

Therefore, policies should also handle the demands of Filipino irregular

caregivers by negotiating the paid family leave or even payment to family caregivers

who's in need. In added to that, Filipino family caregivers are less probable to

employ services, culturally customized support services could also useful in reliving

any caregiver's strain (Duaqui 2013).

According to Bayudan et al. (2013), a significant area of policy focus for

elderlies is in social welfare. The Philippines has a social problem in poverty rate

that is diagnostic to weak worker education, absence of skilled work, living in a rural

area, and the high reliance burden that the working-age population must bear.

Because of the large percentage of young adults and children in the

Philippines, there is a high dependency ratio, which means that elderlies are not able

to redeem for withdrawal because they may have young dependents.

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In addition, according to Villegas (2014), elderlies may have to sacrifice their

pocket assets to care for younger family members. Another significant issue is that

almost a district of Filipinos living in poverty are elderlies who do not have the

pocket means mandatory to sustain an acceptable quality of life. Although 1.3

million elderlies in poverty may modify for a monthly pension, the amount compares

to about 12 U.S dollars for Filipinos aged 77 years or older.

Agreeing to Bayudan et al. (2013), the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program

(PPPP) is another martial that acts as a security net for families who are below the

point for poverty and goal to stop the cycle of intergenerational poverty. Needy

households may modify for up to 600 Philippine pesos, providing the peculiarly

primary to pregnant mothers and families with children. Increase of the PPPP

benefits the needs of the elderlies and their families may help to ease the negative

effects of poverty to the community by expansion of the financial grant, PhilHealth

insurance and employment facilitation to elderlies. By improving the access to the

health care services for the quality of life by the elderlies who may have health

problems especially because some elderlies are prone to chronic and infectious

diseases. Providing health service benefits the elderlies by discounted

pharmaceuticals and vaccinations. Therefore, it depends on the health services

providers of the availability of these resources.

Researching options for care for an aging relatives or family can be a tough

decision. It requires a change of way of living or so -called lifestyle., overwhelming

and goes through a lot of thinking to decide what is best for the elderly relatives. For

some family, moving to a homecare facility or a residential care became the best
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solution and option as it allows the elderly relatives to have the attention that the

relatives or family no longer provides.

According to Pardue-Spears (2017), the primary benefit of a homecare is to

provide a place that an elderly is comfortable and familiar to reside. It provides bed

for them to sleep, clean bathroom and can continue to do the daily routines that the

elder used to do. Being familiar to the surrounding can be very benefit the elders

who are especially suffering or diagnosed from progressive conditions such as

dementia or Alzheimer’s that affect the memory of an individual.

Homecare facility is quickly to know how to adapt to what is the best for

client and what the residents wants. Instead of adjusting to routines and schedules, a

homecare facility can be customized based on the evaluation and planning, and how

maintenance and high quality the establishment based on preferences. Whether if the

elderly is only assisted for a day or requires to live in the establishment’s care for a

lifetime.

The homecare facility’s personal nature is to allow the elders to be the

caregiver’s primary focus. The facility ensure that the elders are safe and

comfortable. The caregiver’s job is to provide a level of attention and care because a

caregiver is commonly tending for a single patient and their needs are much met

faster. Dependence is a big concern for seniors that is why considering a care option

is common. The advantage of a homecare is that the elders can be controlled to many

aspects. The caregivers can help them get to engaged to social activities, monitor and

support the elders in their daily lives.

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Homecare facility provide a peace of mind. The facility can assure that the

elders are in good hands and the family will no longer worry about the elders getting

injured or falling when doing activities especially when the elders are out of one’s

sight. With a good homecare facility, the family will also have communication with

the establishments or the caregiver itself to provide updates about the care the

caregivers are providing and the well-being of the residents.

On contrast, homecare has its disadvantage, large adjustments can be made

by older people and can cause depression because the elders think that this their last

step before they face death in the sense that they could never return to their own

home. Also, new schedule will take place and the elders will lose their freedom. The

facility is compliant and they lose their own decision or opinion. Another reason is

the seniors will be far from their relatives. Visiting to homecare facilities that is away

to their homes can be a burden.

According to Kimura Browne (2009), like many other Asian Cultures,

Filipinos value the caring for the older family members. Moreover, Filipinos share

the same obligation to care for Family members likely in Asian cultures. Both males

and females share decision making and financial problem. Family members

contributed to the family by various means. The quality life of an elderly generally

reported positive health, participation and financial security. Therefore, Filipinos

reported higher socioeconomic status and educational attainment to tend better

quality of life to the elderlies.

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In addition, increasing age was correlated with better well-being in Filipinos.

Elderlies can develop methods to cope with distressing events through challenges

they experienced. Higher access to the community can directly correlated to the

quality of life. Residing in rural areas lacked the same access to the elderlies the

same in urban areas (De Leon, 2014).

Elderlies may also reframe stereotypes and find positive aspects of aging by

growing older as time passed by and a period of personal fulfillment. Instead of

associated with aging, elderlies can view adulthood where new relationships can be

created and becoming as an opportunity to engaged in their communities, (Esteban,

2015).

Overall, elderlies report satisfaction in life. Moreover, social and financial

differences may act as a hindrance. To improve, services should equally available in

elderlies living in a needy household or low income. Access community and health

support services should be reduced to elderlies who needs assistance. Offering

wellness programs to the communities can improve the health of elderlies, (Tariga

and Cutamora, 2016).

On Elder’s Loneliness

The essence of being human is existing within a social structure wherein

interacting, spending time with others, talking, and laughing takes place. At some

point in life, human experiences loneliness, and this feeling does not last long.

However, loneliness takes a different role on the elders, whether the loneliness is

caused by losing a loved one or distance from family and friends.

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Loneliness is the effect of losing social and physical contact can lead to

unhealthy physical and mental health, leading to early death. It increased the risk of

hypertension, stress- eating, malnutrition, drinking, depression and heart diseases.

Elders who are placed in homecare facilities also experienced decline in activities.

Seniors also experienced disorientation and loneliness when admitted.

The risk factors for elderly loneliness are targeted to seniors who lives alone,

have poor economic situation, outlook on health, and who has infrequent contact to

family and friends. The older the individual, the lonelier the individual is and women

are most likely to experience loneliness (Sage Minder, 2020).

According to Cacioppo (2018), a key scientific question is whether social

isolation is two different process that affects the health separately, whether loneliness

provide a way for isolation has and affect to the health. Isolation and loneliness do

not usually go together. Some elders still feel loneliness even when surrounded by

family, on the other hand, some can be alone yet do not feel loneliness. Social

isolation is the objective physical separation from people while loneliness is the

subjective distressed of being alone or separated.

Seniors who live alone and have no relatives to rely are usually the ones who

experience isolation and loneliness which can affect their health. The caregiver

provides a familiar face, friendly conversations, and human connection that have an

over-all impact on health and well-being.

According to Spears (2017), companionship is very important and has a lot of

benefits for the elders. It can longer their lifespan, lower the risk of heart diseases,
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fast recovery, protection against dementia and peace of mind. Elders who suffer from

loneliness can cause health problems. Elders in homecare facilities can be

accompanied. Companionship provide assistance with daily task such as

housekeeping, personal care, and also provide a meaningful human connection that

improves the quality of life.

People who have elderly relatives, friends and neighbors are encouraged to

be cautious or aware of the effects and help identify seniors who really needs

assistance. Supporting, encouraging and establishing meaningful relationships and

social connections and engaging frequently to activities such as participation to

community and volunteerism can be valuable. Home visitations can help lessen the

loneliness that the seniors feel. As population continue to grow and age, helping one

another to stay active will also help us to stay healthy.

According to Dunne (2018), most people also need companionship especially

for the elderlies that badly needs attention. But at times, everyone became

preoccupied with their own lives and forgets to interact with older people resulting in

inanimate and loneliness of elderlies. They feel like no one wants to talk to them and

overthink about it. Elders are usually deprived of social interaction and that is the

burden of an adult's feelings. Loneliness has a lot of effect on the elderlies and makes

it worse if not taken care of immediately.

In addition, loneliness is a negative emotion that can be experienced anytime.

It is not only about the lack of interacting with other people but also the effect it has

on those around them. There are two basic causes of loneliness. First, the external
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factors which means lack of social network. Through it, the elderlies feel that they

are connected to modern technology and are able to keep up with today's youth.

Second, the internal factors such as psychological or behavioral (Solanki, 2016)

Moreover, elderlies thought they were out of the world, as if there were a

barrier between them and the youth which hurt their feelings. Loneliness is never

new in the world. Many people knew and experience it especially the elderlies who

can no longer care for themselves. Loneliness does not choose the people who will

experience it. The socialization and awareness of today's youth makes it difficult for

them to share the sadness the elders experience with others. Seniors are able to

communicate well but do not know the difference. In fact, they insist and force it into

their mind that they are alright and there is no problem (Singer, 2018).

According to Kevin (2018), there are six steps in preventing slower

loneliness. First, try to have fun around. Do not confine to things that are difficult to

overcome loneliness. Anything that helps feel a little more connected to the world is

always worthwhile. Second, prioritize the health. Distance from stressful situations

to make things better. Third, advices to learn everything. Fourth, appreciate. Don't

sink the mind to the past and just move on. Let go of the hatred and be contended.

Fifth, look for great volunteering. These are events that promotes socialization.

Sixth, adopt a pet. Caring for an animal can reduce the loneliness especially for

elderlies who can imagine that they have something in life.

On Elder’s Sociability
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According to Susasini (2018), sociability is the human tendency to look out

for companionship, social relationship and friendship. It is the human urge to

communicate to other humans, devoid of material advantages.

Sociability is especially important for elderlies who are losing their social

interaction with others. Social Isolation is their main problem that others cannot

solve. With the elderlies experiencing no connection to their family and remain a

painful and scary affair. It will be difficult for them to communicate and be content

with it. Elders will not try again because of the pain they experienced when they lost

contact to their loved ones. Also, it will have a negative impact on their side which is

why elders are afraid to interact anymore with anyone (Singh and Misra, 2009).

Besides this, sociability is a human nature. Without it, society loses its

meaning. Just like the elderlies, they also need people who can communicate with

them. Because of this, they are able to share their thoughts in life. Sociability is

considered one of the needs of the elderlies because that’s all they can do for now.

As they grow older, senior’s ability to do something that is too heavy is much for

them and their body is no longer capable of it. Accompany is what they want that

will give them satisfaction and avoid the sadness they have been longing for (Reddy,

2018).

Also, in the absence of interaction, the elderlies can think of different things,

either positive or negative. As they age goes by, their main focus is on facing death.

Elders overthink and cause them not to be able sleep at night, not eating at the right

time, losing their appetite especially if no one wants to talk to them. Elders begin to
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think of committing suicide acts to end their misery. Trying to be conclusive but in

reality, they still think they are lacking. Social media is the answer to all but it is

futile because there is still a gap between the old and today’s generation which the

elderlies cannot break. Being lonely brings them hardship and pain that cannot easily

take away (Subramaniam, 2017).

An elder can easily feel alone. Seniors felt like they are the only person in the

world. They are simply choosing to go for the good of others and not minding

themselves. Older people are vulnerable and sensitive in small things but also quick

to chase. Due to the age gap of an adult and today’s youth the connection slowly

begun to gradually decreased. The simplest reason is when the person cannot have a

grasp on the chosen topic. Older people are the happiest when talking about their

past experiences and maturity stage leading the younger ones to lose interest or

won’t be able to relate

According to Ahmad et al. (2011), the oldest people are the ones who rarely

participate in organized social activities. Possible explanations include poverty,

difficulty in transportation, in need of accompany, ageing, withdrawal from social

life, and lack of freedom. However, Willie-Tyndale et al. (2016) did not find an

association with age. This may be because the measurement of social participation

included ‘being visited by friends regularly’ as well as ‘gathering to socially

organized activities’. Old people are likely to have informal socialization than to

attend organized meetings because the elder’s participation is affected by disabilities

from certain chronic conditions, such as cardiovascular diseases, arthritis and

diabetes.
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According to Linda (2009), elders who live in isolation relates to substandard

health when living alone. Having small social circle or network affect the health and

decrease the support from the people around the elders, leading to the to loneliness.

Health in physical aspect connected to social isolation are equal to the people who

smokes and are overweight. The declined in physical health does not only affect the

elders but all ages. Social isolation can have two category which is social

disconnectedness and perceived isolation.

Social disconnectedness refers to the absence of contact to the people and to

their social circle. Disconnectedness is also poor interaction socially with others and

having limited engagement of participation to social activities. Meanwhile, perceived

isolation about how an individual feel about their connection to other people, the

feeling of being supported by other people. The feeling of loneliness and support is

seen low. The intimacy with others is felt due to lack of social connection that an

individual would like to have.

Talking is something that everybody enjoys. As for an elderly, having

someone close at hand that can engaged in conversations with can make a huge

difference in the elder’s lives. Older generations have that skills that are dying, but

they would love to pass on to younger people. This includes skills such as

embroidery and knitting, merely showing these can boost their self-esteem.

Activities are more fun when elders have someone to share their hobbies with the

presence of other adults or children. It will help the elderly into getting engage to

socializing and having the maximum amount of fun and excitement every day

(Comfort Keepers, 2014).

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On Elder’s Common Illnesses

According to Scogin (2009), depression and suicide are one of the major

problems that need to be addressed in elderlies. Just like adults or teenagers who

experience depression have similarities to elderlies as suicide. It is well-known that

elderlies have the highest suicide rates for the most unlikely reason. It is also known

that there is a cure for this, the geriatic depression but it does not work or reduces

depressed elderlies because they prefer to be treated psychologically than

medications. That is why the number of depressed elderlies continues to rise.

Geriatic depression is a common disease of the elderlies for the same reason,

whether mental or emotional. But if neglected and sustained such a disease, it is no

longer normal to them. It would be worse if not taken immediately. There is no

reason why people are experiencing this disease and it is still a puzzle to the society.

The following are considered to be worsening depression: limited mobility, lack of

social interaction, facing mortality, the mindset of retirement, financial problems,

abused, deaths of loved ones, and lastly, chronic medical conditions (Legg, 2017).

Loneliness is the root and fertilizer to other diseases. Its biology can increase

the build-up of plaque in the arteries, promotes growing and spreading of the cancer

cells, cause inflammation to the brain leading to Alzheimer's disease. It weakened the

immune cells that are having trouble combating viruses leading the elders to became

more vulnerable to contagious diseases (Cole 2015).

According to Skoog (2011), most research on mental disorders have been

concerned with dementia and to some extent with depression. On other mental
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disorders, such as anxiety disorders have received less attention. Ageing can

diminish an individual’s capacity to think, cognitive disability and reason

impairments usually begin to resurface.

Stroke, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, cancer, dementia, and

chronic pain are the physical conditions further increase the risk of depression. The

following risk factors for depression in elderlies are: many medicines need to be

taken, pressure from the body (from amputation, cancer surgery, or heart attack),

family history of major depressive disorder, fear or overthinking of death, being

alone, social isolation, past suicide attempt(s), presence of chronic or severe pain,

depression, loss of a loved one and abuse, (Goldberg, 2018).

In fact, the elderlies have some problems while undergoing the treatment.

The stigmas of older people are more active than in younger ones. Some family

members of depressed elders considered these symptoms to be normal and part of the

aging process. Elderlies sometimes afraid of treatment because of money or afraid of

what will be the effects if the cure is not successful. Drug abuse and alcohol

consumption can worsen depression especially if the elder lost a loved one and

suffered severely reason to discontinue the treatment (Goldberg, 2018).

Hearing loss is a product of ageing that leads to the difficulty of hearing. It

can affect speech processing that cause verbal communication to be difficult. The use

of hearing aid could help but unfortunately older people who use this device is only

limited. Health insurance often offer coverage to this kind of device. Muscles

strength and its mass also begin to decline. Immune system weakened causing the
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elder’s capacity to fight infection lessen. Walking speed also shows which is normal

to people under the process of ageing due to disease. Speed measurement can be the

basis to predict to fall disability, ambulation and risk of mortality.

Sensory and cognitive changes and weaknesses begun to show to older

people. Cardiovascular diseases, falling and having a hard time with the activities are

usually common but not universal. Hearing and loss of vision is a sign of decline in

immune function which is part of the normal ageing meanwhile cardiovascular

problems, dementia and osteoporosis are chronic conditions that occur at the age of

85. Arthritis and diabetes and its related mobility disability increase as the population

ages and become overweight. Caregiver’s services, assistive of technologies and

programs are recommended.

Cardiovascular disease remains as the top cause of death of adult and seniors.

Aging include vascular remodeling and stiffness increasing risks to cardiac and

cerebrovascular events cognitive impairment and organ damage. One of its risk

factors is Diabetes that is link peripheral arterial and neuropathy disease.

Osteoarthritis is the most common chronic illnesses, a common cause of pain and

disability. Obesity is one of its factors which increase the risk of hip and knee

arthritis, Jaul and Barron (2017).

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Conceptual Framework

The framework show how the elders spend their daily life in the Home Care

Facilities and how the said facility manage their behavior and provide their need

Home Figure 1. The Conceptual Framework

Care
Faciliti
es in
mana
Home Care Facilities in
ging Emotio
managing the elders
the nal
elders Behavi
ors and
Comm
on
The Life of an illnesse
Elderly Inside a s
Homecare Facility

Magsingal, Ilocos Sur

As shown in Figure 1, the participants of the research involve the facility and

the elderly. The researchers determine the ways of the facility on how they provide

human and social services, handle inconveniences and provide elder’s neccessities.

The researchers also determined to know the activities, behaviors, common illnesses

and how do the facility minimize the hardships and cope up with the elders.
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Methods

This portion presents a discussion of the research design, the sample of the

study, data gathering tools, procedures, data analysis and ethical issues which utilize

in the study.

Research Design

The research is a case study about the life of an elderly in a Home Care

Facility. The case focused in exploring further knowledge about Home care facilities

and its management and awareness to the elderly’s current situation.

The elders and professional caregiver who served as the primary participants

are those who stay on the facility- it is located to Magsingal, Ilocos Sur. In order to

provide non-biased results, the researchers conduct an interview to both staffs and

elderly. The use of interview in local dialect and naturalistic observation served as

research tools in which the informants were observed and interviewed in their natural

setting. Participant observation was voluntarily conducted privately after obtaining

their consent.

The Researchers beyond investigate the ageing process and the involvement

of the facility. Similarities and differences among the informants were examine in

order to have better understanding about the life of the elders inside the homecare

facility in the municipality. The researchers conducted through interviews to some

informants to authenticate their views about Home Care Facility, behaviors, illnesses

and in handling the elders.

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Study Locale and Informants

This approach is based on open-ended questions and intends to build and

explore the participant’s response to the questions and provide information as well as

depth understanding toward the elderly people in Home Care Facility. This interview

is the life history, details of the experience, and reflection on the meaning. (Seidman,

1991)

Among the barangays in the area, one barangay is involved in this study

namely: Manor a barangay located alongside in the national highway.

Table 1: Profile of Informants

Informants Age Group Gender Status

A Middle Age Female Single

B Adults Male Single
C Adults Male Single
D Adults Male Married
E Adults Male Married
F Adults Female Married
G Adults Male Married
H Old Female Single
I Old Female Widowed
J Old Female Widowed

The profile of the twenty (10) respondents includes their age group, gender

and status. The informants were selected for this study through careful consideration

based on the following criteria:

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a. should be a part of the institution

b. knowledgeable on different practices of the facility

c. should not have disabilities (lose of hearing, mobility disability

cognitive aging etc.)

d. willingly to participate in the interview

Data Gathering, Procedure, Tool and Analysis

Semi-structured interview and observation to the participant’s actions and

environment was used. The interview guide that the researchers prepare was used in

collecting reliable data. Unstructured interview wherein the researchers asked

questions that are not made beforehand but related to the topic is present to seek

deeper and further understanding.

Audio recording was used in conducting interview. Translation of the

question was made. Transcription of the audio was done for better understanding.

Analyzation and interpretation were done to give the data deeper meaning.

Throughout the interview process in this study, dialogues were adopted and valued.

The researcher wanted interview dialogues to be explanatory and liberating, to flow

naturally and collect information about what the informants believes and observed.

Effort made to establish a relaxing, non-threatening, nor judgmental environment to

allow the participants to reflect openly on his/her standards. The gathered data where

analyzed to determine every elder's living problems, every service that they provide

for our elders in home care facility and the factor in the growing success of good

assisted living facilities.

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Interviews

For this study, qualitative interviews were the primary method of data

collection for three reasons. Qualitative interviewing is appropriately used when

“studying people’s understanding of the meaning in their lived world” (Kvale, 1996,

p. 105).

In fact, interviewing is the best technique to used “to find out those things we

cannot directly observe feelings, thoughts, and intentions” (Merriam, 1998, p. 72).

Qualitative interviews result in thick descriptions of the subject being studied

(Rubin & Rubin, 1995). Interviews also allow for triangulation of information

obtained from other sources (Lincoln & Guba, 1985).

For this study, all but one of the interviews were conducted by asking the

home care facilities; the remaining interview was conducted over cellphone for

convenience of the participant. Asking home care facilities and conducted over

cellphone served as efficient ways to conduct the interviews, making it possible for

facilities with busy schedules to participate in the study. Further, phone interviews

and asking the home care facilities are the only practical ways for the researcher to

connect with participants to collect information and interviewing them clearly. As a

first step in the interview process, participants were reminded of the purpose of the

study, research procedures, expected benefits, their right to withdraw from the study

at any time, and protection of confidentiality.

To develop a good rapport with the informants and to demonstrate familiarity

with the topic (Creswell, 1994), the researcher identified himself as a doctoral
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student at Iowa State University and as a high school principal from Iowa. With

participant approval, the interviews were audio-recorded to ensure a complete

transcript (Merriam, 1998; Rubin & Rubin, 1995). Typed notes were taken during all

interviews, enabling the researcher to track key points to return to later in the

interview and for use during data analysis. A semi-structured interview approach was

used to carry on conversations that would elicit rich data that could be used in

qualitative analysis (Lofland, 1971).

Semi structured interviews give participants more room to answer in terms of

what is important to them (Miles & Huberman, 1994; Strauss & Corbin, 1998) and to

control the introduction and flow of topics (Mishler, 1986). Although the interviews

were semi structured in the early stages, they became more structured in the later

stages of triangulation and member checking (Lincoln & Guba, 1985).

Informants were given the interview protocol (Appendix F) approximately a

week before their scheduled interview so that they would have time to think about

and prepare their responses to the initial questions. The interviews began with,

“Please describe your experiences inside the facility” The question was framed in

this manner to provide participants with the flexibility and freedom to explore the

phenomenon in depth (Strauss & Corbin, 1998). Mostly open- ended questions were

used throughout the remainder of the interview to encourage participants to talk

freely and respond openly to queries (Bogdan & Biklen, 1982; Kvale, 1996). Probing

questions were used, when necessary, to encourage participants to elaborate on or

clarify a response (Rubin & Rubin, 1995) or explore root experiences (Seidman,

1991).
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Furthermore, informants were frequently asked “why” after responding to

interview questions. Asking informants “why” was the researchers. attempt to

provide ample think time so that the participant could fully think about and elaborate

on their experiences. In order to improve the credibility of study findings,

participants’ experiences were explored in depth during interviews that lasted

approximately 45 minutes. The audio recordings were carefully transcribed verbatim

in a Microsoft Word document by a hired transcriptionist because accurate

transcripts “are necessary for valid analysis and interpretation of interview data”

(Mishler 1986).

Data Analysis

For the analysis of this study, transcriptions of the audio recording were

done, translations of the answers in Filipino and Iloko were made for better

understanding. It cannot be rushed and work in this area took time. Transcriptions of

the recorded interviews were produced. The voices of the respondents produced in

thematic units that were investigated and discovered. Analyzation and deep

interpretation were present. Dialogues were adopted in the interview process. Each

transcript of the interviews was thematically partitioned and grouped into similar

topics.

The interview dialogues should be explanatory and be able to flow naturally

to be able to gather wide information about what the informant’s experiences. The

researchers established a relaxing, non-threatening, nor judgmental environment to

allow the participants to reflect openly on his/her standards.

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The subject matter was confined to the lived experiences regarding the the

life of the elders inside the homecare facility. The gathered data was analyzed to

determine the elder’s behaviors, illnesses, as well as the experience of the caregiver

in providing services. The information was gathered from the residents and caregiver

who are part of the chosen homecare facility.

Ethical Issues

In order to ensure that the findings of the study be valid and trustworthy, the

ethical principles were observed by the researchers. They are as follows: a.) honesty

in all scientific communications; b.) respect for intellectual property by honoring

patents and copyrights; and c) confidentiality to protect communications and

personal information of the informants.

Thus, during the casual interview, one of the researchers acted as the

facilitator while the others did the note taking activities and documentation. To

ensure the truthfulness of the recording, the informants validated the note taking

done. After which, the informants signed the informed consent to show that they

affirmed to the correctness of the recorded information of the researchers

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Chapter II

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter presents the discussion of the research questions along

caregivers and respondents’ knowledge about the homecare facility, cause of

emotional behavior and common illnesses

This chapter also shows the elder’s background and current situation of the

elderly inside the facility

On Balay Taripato and its Origin

The informant D from Nansuago, Caoayan informant E from Barbarit,

Magsingal and informant F from San Juan, Ilocos Sur said that Homecare Facility is

an establishment or a group who rescue abandoned elderly from different barangays.

Meanwhile, informant A from Napo, Magsingal and informant G from Padu

Chico, Sto. Domingo answered by revealing the background of the said facility, said

that “ex- governor DV Savellano had the wisdom to put up the idea of Balay

Taripato”. Likewise, informant G of from Padu Chico, Sto. Domingo explained that

“it started in a segment from a radio program with a purpose of reaching out to those

elders who are in need and wants to go home to their families and DV Savellano had

the idea. Balay Taripato is Balay Taripato because of them.”

Based from the answers given by the informants, most of them pointed out

that Congressman DV Savellano is the brainchild of the homecare facility. Some

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answered the question by revealing the origin of the facility and its purpose while

some answered by their own personal outlook about Homecare Facility.

These findings are related to Tawid News Team (2010), said that after the

renovation of the abandoned building behind the Magsingal District Hospital, -Balay

Taripato was launched in July 8, 2009 under the leadership of then Governor

Deogracias Victor Savellano, persuading the neglected elderly from different

barangay to be under the facility’s care.

On reasons why the elders are put in a facility, informants’ answers were also

closely related. According to informant G of Padu Chico, Sto. Domingo, said that

“they can be abandoned and rescued from their extended families to the point that

they can no longer support them,”. Similarly, to informant C of Salindeg, Vigan City

stated that “they can be lost, elderlies who live alone or the less fortunate elders of

the community or barangay.” Informant A from Napo, Magsingal added that “they

can be also rescued from abuse by their own relatives”

Based from the answers given by the informants, it showed that some elders

in the society are treated differently because of either status or family background.

The researchers learned that there are a large variety of reasons why elders are being

admitted to a facility. The researchers found out that elders who have no one to rely

on because of family war and living alone are the common reasons why most of the

elders in the facility are admitted.

These findings are related to what Kane (2018) said that there are different

reason why an elder is put to a facility. Living alone is the most common scenario
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when elders are admitted. The reasons are pragmatic, others are because of family

dysfunction and some were due to circumstances the person coming just found

themselves in.

On estimated time of stay in facility, the informant’s answers are closely

related. They unanimously answered that the facility is open as an alternative

residence for the elders to reside is a long-time run. Informant E of Barbarit,

Magsingal, Ilocos Sur said that their stay in the facility is for a lifetime. Informant I

from Panay Sur, Magsingal stated that “maybe I will stay here until my last breath”

On contrast, Informant D stated that the relatives can take back the elder to

their home as long as they can handle the responsibility and has consent.

The researchers found out that the relatives must process a certain certificate

to the capital for the elder to be fully able to stay in the facility. The facility allows

the relatives to take the elders for the meantime especially during occasions and

holidays and is open for visitations. The elderly can be assisted for a short period of

time or requires to spend their life in the facility’s care.

These findings are related to what Marak (2020) said that a Homecare

Facility is a popular option for a long-term care and service for the elders. It provides

a comfort and a sense of familiarity of a place like home that’s needs a lot of

planning and evaluation. In addition, Kane (2018) states that you can legally force

the elders into a facility and a way to have guardianship and this also applies to

facilities. Guardianship is a legal relationship that was created by court.

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On daily activities, the informants answered were united. The elders have to

do their daily activities before calling it a day. Informant C from Salindeg, Vigan

Ilocos Sur said that “upon waking up in the morning, they do a little exercise, take a

bath, eat, and sleep as a daily routine”. Informant F from San Juan, Ilocos Sur also

said that “they sing, dance and socialize with other residents especially when having

programs, these programs are usually small gatherings held when visitors and

donators come”. Informant G also added that “some of the elders also participate in

leading Bible Studies”.

Socialization is still present in old ages even if it’s only limited. It has a huge

role to maintain and have a good relationship to people. The elders will not feel that

they are alone and it will improve their psychological well-being. However, some of

the activities mentioned are not suitable for all the elders since majority of the

residents are ambulatory and have cognitive impairments that cause the elders not to

fully enjoy the activities.

These findings are related to what the Act Retirement Community (2017)

states that it’s important for the elders to have social life to avoid further conflicts in

physical, cognitive and emotional aspects. Seniors who consistently surrounds

themselves in social activities experience drastic change in their physical, mental,

and emotional health outcomes. This improvement results from having a sense of

being part of the society and maintaining healthy relationships.

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On Elder’s Behavior

The informants all agreed that the elders are very fragile when it comes to

emotional aspect. The elders sometimes show their sensitivity and childishness.

Informant D from Nansuago, Caoayan, Ilocos Sur said that the “elders usually get

emotional when longing for affection and attention from their relatives and talking

about their past”. Informant G from PaduChico, Sto. Domingo, Ilocos Sur added that

“the elders gets really short tempered and have sudden outburst by shouting when

things did not go their way”.

On the other hand, Informant B from Capangpangan, Vigan, Ilocos Sur

contradicts that “they do not easily get emotional, unless a person or something may

trigger their emotions”.

The informants showed their vulnerability while conducting one on one

interview with the residents of the facility. Majority of the informants showed deep

emotions when sharing about their background, their younger years especially their

family because of the familiar feeling of longing and loneliness.

This finding is related to what Zanda Hilger (2009) states that elders

occasionally feel a natural grief or sadness because of loss that recurring different

emotions and behavior that can interfere a person well-being. This include

irritability, being short tempered, depression, anxiety and sadness.

On handling behavior. The informants unanimously answered that patience is

the key when dealing with the elders. Informant A from Napo, Magsingal said that

“it is important to always deal with the elders in a very calm manner”. Informant B
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from Capangpangan, Vigan Ilocos Sur said that “sometimes giving them food and

talking to them can calm them”.

Informant D from Nansuago, Caoayan, Ilocos explained that “it is also

important not to take things seriously, there is a tendency that the elder will be

intimidated that’s why we sometimes tell them jokes to lighten up the mood”

Informant F from San Juan, Ilocos Sur stated that “there’s also a case when

an elder becomes very aggressive and the caregivers have no choice but to use a

slight amount of force by tying them in a cushion just to calm and tame the elder

down.” Informant G also explained that “caregivers handle them by close monitoring

and assuring them because they have a concept that they are not safe in the facility,

the feeling of not welcomed can have a tendency of escaping.”

Based on the answers of the informants, the informants has a great method in

handling the elders when dealing with the elders. The informants has a nice approach

to the elders, thinking of ways for the elders to relieve their stress and discomfort.

Elders usually felt like a burden because of their situation that’s why taking care of

the seniors requires a lot of patience and understanding.

These findings are related to what Hilger (2009) said that changes in a

person`s usual behavior and routine can indicate a change in health and mental

status. Always be observant and think about what the behavior may mean. These

behaviors include aggressiveness, critical and demanding behavior and restlessness.

On most difficult experiences. The informants revealed their personal

experiences when dealing with the elderly. The informants shared their difficulties as
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a caregiver. Informant A from Napo, Magsingal said that “some elders hurt staffs

and cannot tame them”. Likewise, Informant D, E, F from Nansuago, Caoayan,

Barbarit, Magsingal and San Juan, Ilocos Sur said that “the elders sometimes spit,

throw stones and throw tantrums and the caregivers are having a hard time calming

them”. Informant B said that “the difficulties of being a caregiver is when you give

assistance when providing proper hygiene and their childishness and sensitivity

begin to show”. Informant C also added that “I think the most difficult for me is

when the elders are rushed to the hospital and their relatives is not around.”

Based on the answers of the informants, caregivers experience difficulties

because of the pressure of providing satisfaction and assisting the residents in

everyday life. Caregiving is rewarding but is a challenge. Stress is common in

caregiving. Elders can be quite a handful. Elders need to rely more because of the

drastic changes of the body.

These findings are related to what the American Senior Communities (2015)

stated that caregivers take a toll in physical and emotional aspect. Caregivers found

themselves at risk health conflicts, usually facing exhaustion, emotional and physical

stress, lack of privacy, financial strain, deprivation of sleep and sometimes

depression and isolation.

On Illnesses and Relief

The informants shared the common illnesses that usually occurs to elder

people. Informant B from Capangpangan, Vigan said that “fever, cough, and skin
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allergies are some of the illnesses”. Informant A from Napo, Magsingal said that

“We have an Alzheimer’s case at the moment, she is usually restless, anxious, and

she can’t distinguished if she is standing or not.” Informant E from Barbarit,

Magsingal said that “the elders also have hypertension and diabetes”. Informant I

from Panay Sur, Ilocos Sur also said that “I have arthritis and I hardly walk without

my support. I also have cataract and my left eye is the normal one”

Moreover, Informant G from Padu Chico, Sto. Domingo said that “we don’t

accept elders with communicable disease to avoid transfer of any possible illnesses.

Before accepting, we make sure to get their medical certificate.” In support,

Informant A from Napo, Magsingal said that “the elders usually have their check-

ups once a week and we are likely to monitor those who have serious cases, the

doctors also sometimes visit for further observations.”

Based on the answers of the informants, the illnesses mentioned are the most

common illnesses that usually occur in elderly people. Elders are prone to different

illnesses due to the slowly decreasing performance of the immune system because of

aging leading most of the elders in the facility ambulatory. Some of the elders are

having a hard time walking and are seated in wheelchairs for support.

These finding are related to what Smith (2016) said that aging can bring

health issues, these include chronic health condition, cognitive health, mental health,

physical injury, malnutrition and sensory impairments.

On minimizing hardships of elders, the informants unanimously agreed that

aging can be hard specially for the elders. Informant B from Capampangan Vigan
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ILOCOS SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL – SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

said that “cooperation and teamwork is the key first and foremost when doing tasks”.

Informant F from San Juan, Ilocos Sur said that “it our job to comfort the elders and

to make them happy at least” .Informant D from Nansuago, Caoayan supported that

“caregivers treat the elders like a family to make the elders feel like they are not a

burden despite of their situation.” Informant C from Salindeg, Vigan added that

“caregivers in this facility assist the elders in their every routine”

Based on the answers of the informants, elders in the facility are being well

assisted and treated nicely during their hardships. Ageing is a difficult stage and will

encounter challenges. As a caregiver, one must be open minded about the elder’s

weaknesses and try to lessen their burden as possible. Establishing good relationship

is important.

These findings are related to what Stibich and Opole (2020) said that while

providing care, caregivers spend a substantial amount of time interacting with their

care recipients while being open and accepting.

On elders’ concerns. The informant revealed the concerns of the elders.

Informant C from Salindeg, Vigan said that “they usually complain about the foods

being bland and hard to eat”. Informant D,E, and F from Nansuago, Caoayan,

Barbarit Magsingal and San Juan, Ilocos Sur said that “they usually ask for their

relatives, asking when will they visit them”. Informant G from PaduChico, Sto.

Domingo said that “they always complain about the hygiene of other residents inside

the facility” and Informant I from Panay Sur, Ilocos Sur said that “the rooms in ward

is a little bit crowded, there is not enough space for us to roam.”,

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On the other hand, Informant H and J said that “we are happy and contented.

We don’t have any concerns regarding the residents, caregivers and the facility

itself.”

Based on the informant’s answers, the elders are very sensitive about their

surroundings because of their own preferences and standards. Majority of the elder’s

concern in the facility is their longing to their family. The facility failed to achieve

its goal in some aspects which is achieving a home-based environment and

satisfaction of the elders.

These findings are related to what Allen (2013) caregivers are obligated to

know the thoughts and concerns of the elders that might be stressing them. It is

important to ease the concerns and worries for the elders to have a peace of mind.

Major concerns of the elders are feeling useless usually because of the feeling of

losing purpose because the children have grown, loneliness that cause of slowly

shrinking social circle, burdening a caregiver and moving away from home.
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Chapter III

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATION

This portion presents the summary of the findings, the conclusions drawn

from the results of the study and the recommendations about the improvement of

homecare facility

Summary

The study aimed to determine the perception of caregivers and elders about

the homecare facility, common illnesses and the different behaviors that occur to the

elders, and how the caregiver cope up, handle and minimize the hardship of the

elderly inside the facility.

This study focused on Balay Taripato and its origin, On Elder’s Behavior and

On Illnesses and Relief. The focus group informant only includes one homecare

facility that is located in our province.

On Balay Taripato and its origin, the informants unanimously answered that

Congressman Deogracias Victor Savellano is the brainchild of Balay Taripato with

the purpose of helping the elders in different barangays; Homecare facility is a

lifetime alternative residence for elders who is abandoned and neglected, lost and

less fortunate in the community or barangay; Homecare facility held activities and

program for the elders. These are present in the facility which is good to improve the

elders sociability and to lessen the feeling of being alone. The said homecare facility

already achieved its goal to have provide a place for the residence and a peace of

mind to their relatives.

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On elder’s behavior, the informants unanimously said that the elders are very

fragile. The informants revealed various causes of elder’s emotional behavior, this

include getting emotional because of being sensitive, childishness, sudden outburst

and throwing tantrums. The informants agreed that establishing rapport is the key.

One must stay calm and collected in handling them. Close monitoring and giving

them assurance are usually their ways of handling them. Dealing with elders is a

challenge, that’s why the caregivers also experience emotional and physical stress.

On illnesses and relief, majority of the informants shared that, fever, cough,

diabetes, rashes and hypertension are the common illnesses of the elders; the elders

usually have their check -ups and the doctors sometimes visit for further monitoring;

the informants also shared that the facility don’t accept elders who have

communicable and ask for medical certificate before admission.

Conclusion

The researchers therefore concluded that majority of the informants have the

same perception about the Homecare Facility. They delineated their perception based

on their experiences and awareness during their service and stay in the facility. The

Homecare Facility is an establishment with a purpose of helping the unfortunate

elders in different barangay. It became a great tool for the elders to have something

to be called home.

Moreover, the different activities conducted in the facility is a great way to

have socialization for the elders to prevent them from further isolation and

loneliness. Its purpose is to divert them from sadness, entertain and improve their
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emotional well-being. People at old age is very fragile and sensitive causing to have

emotional breakdowns and sudden outburst. The caregiver’s techniques are great

ways when dealing with the elders with such vulnerability. The elder’s health are

also being prioritized. Visitation of doctors and monitoring shows that the elders are

given medical care.

However, because of personal standards, preference and finding their own

comfort in the facility, some elders complain about certain things even though the

facility is trying to achieve its goal to provide a home standard based and satisfy the

elders in every way as possible.

Finally, the cooperation and teamwork of the caregivers is necessary in

achieving a home-based environment. One must require to have knowledge about

proper care to elders itself and be sensitive about the elder’s feelings, behavior and

their illnesses. Thus, it serves as an eye-opener to people to realize the how some of

the elders is treated differently in the society, today is so focused in the nuclear

family that some even forgot about the elderly. Moreover, it is also a way to raise

awareness that having knowledge about old age, aging and its effects is significant in

dealing with the elders.

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Recommendations

Based from the conclusions drawn, the following recommendations were

forwarded: People need to do further to raise the awareness about elderly people in

terms of ageing in general; there should be a program implemented. The local

government must also invest more funds in homecare facilities to improve the

building structures for better and comfortable place for the elders to reside.

The facility must contact often the family relatives to have a stable

communication with the elders to ease their longing and sadness. Local government

must convince people in donating, to be more open, understanding and raise

awareness about the situations of the elders. The government must invest more to the

necessities especially to the advancement of medications of the elders. The local

government must also implement more activities and programs that is suitable for all

elder to enjoy no matter their conditions are, such as livelihood, not just inside the

facility but also in the barangays for the less fortunate elders.

Future researchers should consider looking into the other aspects of the study.

This may include the perspective of today’s generation about the elderly. It is also

recommended to conduct this study in other places to gather wider information about

elderly and aging.

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for-elderly-care/
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De Leon, A. (2014). The quality of life of the Filipino elderly in selected cities and
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Duaqui, Y. (2013). Growing old gracefully: A Filipino family’s grandmother’s story.
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Esteban, R. C. (2015). Thinking about aging: Experience, identity and meaning
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Franklin D.M (2013). Nursing Homes Explained. Algora New York. Retrieved by
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homes-explained
Garcia, L and Navarro, J. (2018). The impact of Quality of Life on the Health of
older people from a multidimensional perspective. Hindawi. Retrieved by
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Hansson R. O, Carpenter B. N. Relationships in Old Age: Coping with the challenge
of transition. New York, NY: Guilford Press; 1994. Retrieved by February
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21, 2020. Retrieved from

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at-an-old-age/
Kimura, J., & Browne, C. V. (2009). Eldercare in a Filipino community: Older
women’s attitudes toward caregiving and service use. Journal of Women &
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Lincoln, YS. & Guba, EG. (1985). Naturalistic Inquiry. Newbury Park, CA: Sage
Publications.Retrieved by February 21, 2020. Retrieved from
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Loftland, B. (1971). Analyzing social settings: a guide to qualitative observation and
analysis, Part 1 Wadsworth series in analytical ethnography.Wadsworth Pub.
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id=yJdkAAAAIAAJ&redir_esc=y
Merriam, S. B. (1998). Qualitative research and case study applications in education.
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Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded
Sourcebook. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications,Retrieved by February
21, 2020. Retrieved from
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Mishler, E. (1986). Research interviewing: context and narrative. Boston: Harvard
University Press. Retrieved by February 21, 2020. Retrieved from
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Rodriquez, J. (2014). Labors of Love: Nursing Homes and the Structures of Care
Work. NYU Press. Retrieved February 21, 2020. Retrieved from
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Rodriquez, J. (2014). Labors of Love: Nursing Homes and the Structures of Care
Work. NYU Press. Retrieved February 21, 2020, from
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Seidman, I. (1999). Interviewing as qualitative research: A guide for researchers in
Education and the social sciences. New York: Teachers College Press.
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Tariga, J. A., & Cutamora, J. C. (2016). Assessment of the common predictors and
their correlation in subjective wellbeing among elderly in Bohol, Philippines.
The Malaysian Journal of Nursing. Retrieved February 202. Retrieved from
http://www.mjn.com.my
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APPENDICES
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Appendix A

Letter of Request
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Appendix B

Informed Consent
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Appendix C

Interview Questionnaire

1. Para kenka ania iti Homecare Facility?

a. Aniya dagiti rason no apay maikabkabil ti maysa a lakay wenno baket

ditoy?

b. Kasano kabayag nga agtalinaed ti mesa nga lallakay ditoy uneg ti

pasilidad?

c. Aniya dagiti inaldaw aldaw da nga actibidades?

d. Anya agijay ub ubraen da no free time da?

2. Aniya agijay rason no apay nga adda emosyonal behavior da agijay babaket

ken lalakay?

a. Kasano nga pakalmaen agijay agtartaraken agijay agijay lalakay

wenno babaket?

b. Aniya dagiti naririgat nga experiensa dagiti agtartaraken no al-alagaan

da agijay residente?

c. Kasano nga masabayan agijay agtartaraken agjjay residente?

3. Aniya dagiti kangrunaan nga saksakiten dagiti babbaket ti uneg ti pasilidad?

a. Aniya dagiti maubra tapno maikkatan ti rigrigaten dagiti babbaket?

b. Anya agijay condisyon kada patakaran agijay agtartaraken?

c. Anya agijay reklamo wenno karirikna agijay residente?

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Appendix D

Sample Transcription

Question: Para kenka ania iti Balay Taripato?

Answer: para kaniak ti balay taripato ket maysa nga pasilidad nga pagnanaedan

agijay lalakay babaket nga naabandona, etoy ket ipauna ni congressman dv savellano

,etoy ket maysa nga segment ti radio idi, umasideg agijay babaket nga agpatulong

kanyana isunga nagkaroon ti ideya ni congressman dv savellano nga agkaroon ti

balay taripato

Question: Aniya agijay rason no apay nga maikabkabil ti maysa a lakay wenno

baket ditoy?

Answer: Kangrunaan nga rason ket agijay awan pamilya da, naabandona, kada

agijay marigrigat ditoy nga agmaymaysa nga balay da, agijay awan mangkita

kanyada. Agijay marigrigat ken maab abuso

Question: Kasano kabayag nga agtalinaed ti mesa nga lallakay ditoy uneg ti

pasilidad?

Answer: Agingana matay da wenno alan da ni apon, ngem mabalinda pay nga alan

agijay kabagyan wenno anak da kada adda pasken ken adda permisyo

Question: Aniya dagiti inaldaw aldaw da nga actibidades

Answer: Ag-exercise da, mangan, maturog, agdengeg ti radio wenno o adda

programa kada bisita nga umay, agsala kada agkanta da, ken daduma isuda pay

mangirugi ti bible study

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Question: Anya agijay ub ubraen da no free time da?

Answer: Ag garden- garden kami wenno daduma ag knit kami kada agdadait,

dumngeg ti radio kada maturog

Question: Aniya agijay rason no apay nga adda emosyonal behavior da agijay

babaket ken lalakay?

Answer: Kangrunaan no kasjay ket maiiliw da no kasjay ken agijay an anak kda

kakabagyan da, daduma no malimlimitaan da, agbugkaw da no kasjay, damduma

met ket epekto ken agijay saksakiten da kasla kuma ken ajay adda alzheimers nga

baket didtoy,

Question: Kasano nga pakalmaen agijay agtartaraken agijay agijay lalakay wenno

babaket?

Answer: Kapkapatang mi isuda, icomcomfort mi tapno mapalag anan rikna

da,daduma ket agjojoke kami tapno lang maparagsak mi isuda. Close monitoring ken

assurance, ikan mi daduma ti makan tapno maala mi metlang rikna da

Question: Aniya dagiti naririgat nga experiensa dagiti agtartaraken no al-alagaan da

agijay residente?

Answer: No agkabil da, agbato da, agtupra da, daduma pay ket adu rigat mi

pakalmaen isuda , no sumro da ket rumwar ti pagiging sensitive da ken childish side

da, ti pay narigat ket no maiospital da tapos awan ti kabagyan da nga umay mangay

wan wenno mangkita kanyada

Question: Kasano nga masabayan agijay agtartaraken agjjay residente?

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Answer: Kasla mi ituring isuda nga nagan nak mi, kapatang mi isuda ti in calm way

tapno maicomfort mi

Question: Aniya dagiti kangrunaan nga saksakiten dagiti babbaket ti uneg ti

pasilidad?

Answer: Athritis, Hypertension, Diabetes, Skin rashes or Allergies. Agurgurigor da

kada aguy uyek da tapos adda pay maysa case mi ditoy nga adda Alzheimers na,

madalas isuna nga nabanbannog, addan danag, kada hyper, di na pay ammo no

nakatakder isuna wenno haan

Question: Aniya dagiti maubra tapno maikkatan ti rigrigaten dagiti babbaket?

Answer: I- assist mi isuda, subwan mi, padigosen mi ken haan mi nga iparikna nga

isuda ket pabigat didtoy. Dapat adda cooperation ken teamwork tapno nadaras ubra,

pasensya pay

Question: Anya agijay condisyon kada patakaran agijay agtartaraken?

Answer: Dapat kuma ket haan da agsirek sirek ti kwarto, limlimitaan mi isuda, haan

da agsigarilyo kasjay ken dapat haan da umay agala danom ditoy water station kasi

nairana nga para kanyami lang ejay.

Question: Anya agijay reklamo wenno karirikna agijay residente?

Answer: Damagen da no kasjay no kaano isuda bisitaen agijay nagan nak da,

agreklamo da no kasjay no awan ramrmaan ni sidaen ken nailet unay jay kwarto da

han da unay makagaraw ken agijay hygiene ti sabal inga residente

Appendix E
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Sample Translation

Question: What is a Home Care Facility?

Answer: Homecare Facility is an establishment or a group who rescue abandoned

elderly from different barangays, ex- governor DV Savellano had the wisdom to put

up the idea of Balay Taripato which it started in a segment from a radio program

with a purpose of reaching out to those elders who are in need and wants to go home

to their families and DV Savellano had the idea. Balay Taripato is Balay Taripato

because of them.

Question: What are the reasons why an elderly is put inside a Home Care Facility?

Answer: They can be abandoned and rescued from their extended families to the

point that they can no longer support them, they can be lost, elderlies who live alone

or the less fortunate elders of the community or barangay. They can be also rescued

from abuse by their own relatives

Question: How long is the estimated time of one elderly to stay in the facility?

Answer: The facility is open as an alternative residence for the elders to reside is a

long-time run. Their stay in the facility is for a lifetime the relatives can take back

the elder to their home as long as they can handle the responsibility and has consent.

Question: What are their daily activities?

Answer: Upon waking up in the morning, they do a little exercise, take a bath, eat,

and sleep as a daily routine, they sing, dance and socialize with other residents
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especially when having programs. Some of the elders also participate in leading

Bible Studies

Question: What do they do during their leisure time?

Answer: We sometimes do the garden, knit, take a nap and listen to the radyo

Question: What are the common reasons why the elders have emotional behaviors?

Answer: The elders usually get emotional when longing for affection and attention

from their relatives and talking about their past. The elders gets really short tempered

and have sudden outburst by shouting when things did not go their way

Question: How does the caregiver handle their emotional behavior?

Answer: It is important to always deal with the elders in a very calm manner.

Sometimes giving them food and talking to them can calm them. it is also important

not to take things seriously, there is a tendency that the elder will be intimidated

that’s why we sometimes tell them jokes to lighten up the mood , there’s also a case

when an elder becomes very aggressive and the caregivers have no choice but to use

a slight amount of force by tying them in a cushion just to calm and tame the elder

down.. We handle them by close monitoring and assuring them.

Question: What are the caregiver’s difficult experiences when dealing with the

elders?

Answer: Some elders hurt staffs and cannot tame them. The elders sometimes spit,

throw stones and throw tantrums and the caregivers are having a hard time calming
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them. The difficulties of being a caregiver is when you give assistance when

providing proper hygiene and their childishness and sensitivity begin to show. I think

the most difficult for me is when the elders are rushed to the hospital and their

relatives is not around.

Question: How does the caregiver cope up with the elders? In what way?

Answer: We treat them as our own father and mother, we sometimes tell them jokes,

comfort them

Question: What are the common illnesses of the elders who stays in the facility?

Answer: Fever, cough, and skin allergies are some of the illnesses. We have an

Alzheimer’s case at the moment, she is usually restless, anxious, and she can’t

distinguished if she is standing or not. The elders also have hypertension and

diabetes”. Informant I from Panay Sur, Ilocos Sur also said that “I have arthritis and I

hardly walk without my support. I also have cataract and my left eye is the normal

one, we don’t accept elders with communicable disease to avoid transfer of any

possible illnesses. Before accepting, we make sure to get their medical certificate.

Question: What are the ways to minimize the hardship of the elders inside a facility?

Answer: Cooperation and teamwork is the key first and foremost when doing tasks.

Caregiver treat the elders like a family to make the elders feel like they are not a

burden despite of their situation. We assist the elders in their every routine”

Question: What are the conditions or adjustments of the elders in the facility?
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Answer: We tell them their limitations, we usually them not smoke and not to drink

in our water station because it is exclusively for us.

Question: What are the concerns of the elders?

Answer: They usually complain about the foods being bland and hard to eat. They

usually ask for their relatives, asking when will they visit them. They always

complain about the hygiene of other residents inside the facility. The rooms in ward

is a little bit crowded, there is not enough space for us to roam.

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Appendix F

Documentation
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CURRICULUM VITAE

CURRICULUM VITAE
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Personal Profile

Name : ANJHEL ALTUNA

Permanent Address : Poblacion, San Vicente, Ilocos Sur

Date of Birth : October 27, 2002

Civil Status : Single

Citizenship : Filipino

Religion : Roman Catholic

Parents : Mr. Gregorio Altuna

Ms. Maricar Fernandez

Educational Background

Elementary : San Vicente Integrated School

Poblacion, San Vicente, Ilocos Sur

S.Y. 2014-2015

Secondary

Junior High School : Ilocos Sur National High School

Gomez St., Barangay VII, Vigan City

S.Y. 2018-2019

Senior High School : Ilocos Sur National High School

Gomez St., Barangay VII, Vigan City

Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics

S.Y. 2019-2020

CURRICULUM VITAE
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Personal Profile

Name : ERIN PHOEBE FLANDEZ

Permanent Address : Fuerte Caoayan Ilocos Sur

Date of Birth : July 06, 2003

Civil Status : Single

Citizenship : Filipino

Religion : Roman Catholic

Parents : Mr. Jamie Ernie Flandez

Mrs. Leeya Flandez

Educational Background

Elementary : Fuerte Elementary School

Fuerte Caoayan Ilocos Sur

S.Y. 2014-2015

Secondary

Junior High School : Ilocos Sur National High School

Gomez St., Barangay VII, Vigan City

S.Y. 2018-2019

Senior High School : Ilocos Sur National High School

Gomez St., Barangay VII, Vigan City

Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics

S.Y. 2019-2020

CURRICULUM VITAE
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Personal Profile

Name : RASDY PANUNDI JR.

Permanent Address : San Pablo, Sto. Domingo Ilocos Sur

Date of Birth : July 07, 2002

Civil Status : Single

Citizenship : Filipino

Religion : Islam

Parents : Mr. Rasdy Panundi Sr.

Mrs. Rosalinda Panundi

Educational Background

Elementary : Sto. Domingo North Central School

Sto. Domingo, Ilocos Sur

Salutatorian

S.Y. 2014-2015

Secondary :

Junior High School : Lussoc National High School

Sto. Domingo, Ilocos Sur

S.Y. 2018-2019

Senior High School : Ilocos Sur National High School

Gomez St., Barangay VII,

Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics

S.Y. 2019-2020
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CURRICULUM VITAE

Personal Profile

Name : RAIZZA YSABELLE RABE

Permanent Address : Cabuloan, Sta. Catalina, Ilocos

Sur

Date of Birth : November 28, 2002

Civil Status : Single

Citizenship : Filipino

Religion : Roman Catholic

Parents : Mr. Roland Rabe

Mrs. Roselyn Rabe

Educational Background

Elementary : San Juan South Central School

Lira, San Juan Ilocos Sur

Third Honorable Mention

S.Y. 2014-2015

Secondary
Junior High School : Ilocos Sur National High School
Gomez St., Barangay VII, Vigan City

With Honors

S.Y. 2018-2019

Senior High School : Ilocos Sur National High School

Gomez St., Barangay VII, Vigan City

Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics

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S. Y. 2019-2020
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ILOCOS SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL – SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL