Immaculate Conception Archdiocesan School

Senior High School Department

Tetuan, Zamboanga City

PHYSICAL
EDUCATION AND
HEALTH II
First Semester, SY 2020 -2021

Joeward Perez
Facilitator

Name: _______________________________________
Grade Level and Strand: _____________________
Address: _____________________________________
Contact Number:
TOPIC : ____________________________
CAUSES OF SPORTS INJURIES
 Week: 1 Lesson: 1
I. OBJECTIVE
At the end of the lesson, the learners CAN…
1. describe the causes of sports injuries; and
2. identify the different acute and chronic injuries

II. ESSENTIAL KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS

1.1 Summary of Essential Concepts

Cause of Sports Injuries

Individuals who engage in various types of physical activities such as sports and
exercises have a higher risk of getting injured as compared to those who practice a
sedentary lifestyle. However, the potential benefits of an active lifestyle outweigh the risks
of suffering injury. Injuries are damaged tissues or organs which occur when it encounters
trauma or physical force that is greater than what it can resist or absorb. The tissues are able
to withstand varying degrees of stress and strain but it will break down if it experiences an
impact that is stronger than what it can tolerate.

Factors influencing the ability of our tissues or organs to effectively resist or absorb
forces include inherent abnormality, age, technique, fitness level, equipment, and
environmental aspects.

Tissues and organs react to the impact and direction of the force.

 Tensile forces - are those that act away from the center of the structure,
causing a pull or stretch.

 Compressive forces - impact the centre causing it to bend or fold.

 Shear forces - are opposing forces toward the different ends of the structure
causing it to twist.
 Aside from the knowledge of the forces that cause injury, it is important to understand
the ability of the structure to resist or absorb forces. Injuries in sports and fitness commonly
affect the musculoskeletal structures. The ligaments, tendons, muscles, and bones have
inherent strength that helps withstands strong forces.

In general, sports injuries can be classified into two: acute and chronic/overuse.

a. Acute injury

Acute injury is generally an injury that is severe and with sudden onset.
Sprained ankles, strained backs, and fractured hands are acute injuries.
Acute injury is a sudden injury that is usually associated with a traumatic
event such as clashing into another player during sports or a fall from a
bike. A traumatic impact can cause your bone to crack, muscles to tear or
ligaments to snap. You will experience a sudden sharp pain that is often
severe, immediate swelling and even cold purple regions in your body that
indicates a lack of proper blood circulation in that injured part.

b. Chronic injuries
Chronic injury Are a lot more common than acute injuries, chronic injuries
occur over time. This makes them difficult to diagnose and treat. Very
often, chronic injuries are the result of previous injuries that don’t heal
properly. As a result, it creates a muscle imbalance, like weakness or
tightness. In addition, a chronic injury can be the result of reckless, long-
term habits, like unusual walking/running, improper cardio, training issues
or non-supportive footwear. Usually, physical therapists can heal chronic
injuries with the right treatment and care. Some of the integral ways to treat
chronic injuries involve identifying the cause of the injury, plus aggravating
factors you can change. In addition, they will restore any restricted motion
and rehabilitate weak muscles. Very rarely does a chronic injury require any
invasive procedures, like surgery.

1.2 Testing of Knowledge

Instructions: Read and answer the question. By writing the letter of your answer on the
space provided for.
_________ 1. What causes the pain in injuries?
a. Type of injury
b. Swelling
c. Bone
d. All of the above
_________ 2. What are sports injuries?
a. refer to the kinds of injuries that least common occur during sports or
exercise
b. refer to the kinds of injuries that most common occur during sleeping
 c. refer to the kinds of injuries that most common occur during sports or
exercise
d. refer to the kinds of injuries that least unusual occur during sports or
exercise
_________ 3. Which of the following is NOT an example of sport injury?
a. concussion
b. hamstring strain
c. back pain
d. headache

1.3 Knowledge Scanning

Instructions: Read and answer the question.
Compare/contrast between acute injury and chronic injury?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
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1.4 Integration of Learning

Instructions: Instructions: Read and answer the question.

Explain the causes of sports injuries by citing an example?

_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
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III. SELF-DETERMINING PRACTICE

Instructions: Read and answer the following.

Identify the health services provided in your school and community in case of injury or
emergency. Fill in the information being asked in the survey table.

Questions School Community

1. What are the

health services
provided?

2. Who are the health

services
providers?
What are their
roles/
responsibilities?

3. Do you think the

health services are
enough in case of
injury/emergency?
Why?

IV. REFLECTION

Instructions: Read and answer the question.

As a student, how can you avoid in getting injured?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

References:

Aparado, C.R., Brebante, Z.R., Callo, L.R., and Dajime, P.F. (2016).
Physical Education and Health. Manila Philippines Rex Book Store
TOPIC: COMMON SPORTS INJURIES Week: 1 Lesson Sheet: 2
I. OBJECTIVE
At the end of the lesson, the learners can identify the types of common acute and chronic
injury.

II. ESSENTIAL KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS

1.1 Summary of Essential Concept

Common Acute Injuries

1. Sprains are overstretched ligaments. The ligaments stabilize and limit joint mobility.
When joints are forced into a position that is beyond its normal range, it will overstretch
the ligament. The most common sprains are located at the lower limbs such as the ankle
and knee because they are subjected to stress daily. A commonly sprained ligament is
the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). The ACL is a connective tissue that helps stabilize
the knee every time the muscles contract

2. Strain is a twist, pull, or tear of muscle or tendon (a cord of tissue that connects the
muscle to bone). It is also an acute, non-contact injury that results from overstretching or
over contraction. Sometimes, a muscle would contract and generate a force that is
significantly higher that what it usually does.

3. Fracture
The most common fractures are located at the upper limbs such as the hand and
forearm. Fractures are more common in growing bones because it is less dense. There
are also a higher number fractures in the upper extremities because it is not as strong and
compact as the bones in the lower extremities. There are different types of fractures and
the healing period is between three weeks to several months, depending on the severity
of the injury.
4. Dislocation commonly occur in joints that allow greater range of motion. The most
common dislocations are located at the upper limbs such as the shoulder and elbow.
These joints are commonly affected when an individual uses his/her hand to support
his/her weight when he/she falls. Furthermore, the individual will not be able to move
the affected limb. The pain will be relieved once the bone is repositioned

5. Concussion is a life-threatening injury because they disrupt the normal function of the
brain. A serve blow to the head could cause the blood vessels in the brain to rupture. As
blood leaks out of the ruptured blood vessels, it will accumulate inside the skull. If the
condition is not resolved immediately, the brain starts to die. It is important for the
individual to go to a medical facility as soon as possible so the injury will not worsen.

Types of Chronic Injuries

1. Stress Fracture is commonly occurs among runners who train for long period without
adequate rest period. According to study, running athletes who averaged more than 65
kilometers a week have a higher risk to stress fracture. The repetitive workloads creates
microtrauma— as thick as a strand of hair— in the bone and gets bigger over time. The
usual area affected is the shinbone.
 2. Tendinopathy/Tendinitis is usually due to muscle imbalance between muscle pairs.
The most common site tendinitis in the upper limb involves the muscle-tendon units
around the elbow (i.e., golfer’s elbow, tennis elbow). The most site of tendinitis in the
lower extremities involves the muscle-tendon units surrounding the knee (i.e., jumper’s
knee). The pain usually eases during activity but will worsen after playing. It is
recommended that the athlete avoid throwing activities for several weeks and use
corrective exercises to strengthen the injured area.

3. Osteoarthritis is the wear and tear of joint that results to its deterioration; the friction
deteriorates the cartilage that protects the bones from rubbing against each other. The
knee joint is the common site for the degenerative changes that occur in the cartilage.

4. Bursitis
The bursa is a sac-like musculoskeletal structure that provides support and
cushioning to the joint. It protects commonly used joints such as the shoulders and the
knee from repetitive mechanical stress. This injury is common in swimmers and runners.

1.2 Testing of Knowledge

Instructions: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it is incorrect. Write your
answers on the space provided.

_________ 1. All sports injuries can be classified as a strain or a sprain.

_________ 2. A sports injury can develop over a long period of time.
_________ 3. Balanced fitness program can help prevent injuries
_________ 4. A sports injury that causes severe pain, swelling or numbness requires a visit
to the doctor.
_________ 5. Sprain is a twist, pull, or tear of muscle or tendon.

1.3 Knowledge Scanning

 Directions: Read and answer the question

1. What is the difference between sprain and strain?

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2. How long does a sprain or strain take to heal?

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1.4 Integration of Learning

Three Minute Pause
Directions: Complete the statements using your thoughts and ideas learned based on the
concepts of sports injury.

I became more aware of…

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___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

I was surprised about…

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III. SELF-DETERMINING PRACTICE

Instructions: Read and answer the following.

1. Provide examples of acute sports and chronic injuries from the upper and lower
extremities. (refer to the first row for an example)

Acute Injury Upper Extremity Lower Extremity

Fracture Boxer’s fracture Tibial Avulsion Fracture
Dislocation
Sprain
Strain
Chronic injury
Osteoarthritis
Tendinopathy
Bursitis
Fasciitis
 2. Choose one injury from the table and list specific ways to prevent it.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

IV. REFLECTION

Directions: Read and answer the question

How can we prevent injuries in everyday life?

___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

References:
Aparado, C.R., Brebante, Z.R., Callo, L.R., and Dajime, P.F. (2016).
Physical Education and Health. Manila Philippines Rex Book Store